University of Oslo (UiO): FRITT (E-Journals)
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‘Why Do We Need Your Research?’: The Ethics of Studying Security and the Dilemmas of the Anthropologist-Expert
No full textThe anthropology of security is slowly developing into a substantial sub-discipline of anthropology, yet there are only a few works that elaborate on how the research on security is conducted, what ethical issues emerge in this process, and how this differs from research on other topics due to the sensitive, political, and highly controversial nature of security itself. In this paper, we aim to contribute to this scholarly debate by providing a reflexive account of some of our experiences in researching security across various cases and sites. More specifically, we aim to flesh out the ethical dimensions that, we argue, are inherent to any analysis of security. We do so by focusing on two issues, namely, how we do research (including methods and access to the field site) and how we can or are expected to share our research findings (including public engagement and access to data). By drawing from our own experiences, we aim to show that these are complex matters that underline the sensitive nature of security and call for further empirical and theoretical elaboration
De praktiske og estetiske fagene i skole og lærerutdanning – historisk konseptualisering
No full textArtikkelen tar utgangspunkt i fagene kroppsøving, kunst- og håndverk, mat og helse og musikk i skole og lærerutdanning. Faggruppen benevnes ofte som praktiske og estetiske fag. Vi undersøker hvordan konseptualisering av faggruppen og fagene foregår historisk, og nøkkelhendelser som kan ha hatt betydning. Vi har søkt i skrevne kilder og benytter tjenesten NB N-gram fra Nasjonalbiblioteket, som gjør det mulig å søke etter forekomst av bestemte ord og ordfrekvenser, til å skaffe et historisk bilde av forekomsten av ulike begreper i styringsdokumenter. Vi har utviklet en tidslinje for å avgrense utdanningspolitiske hendelser som kan ha hatt betydning for hvordan fagene er konseptualisert. Individuelle intervju ga oss kunnskap om eksplisitte og mer implisitte og oversette nøkkelhendelser som kan ha hatt historisk betydning i de praktiske og estetiske fagene i skole og lærerutdanning. Resultatene viser at ulike konseptualiseringer kan ha sammenheng med stadig pågående diskusjoner angående de praktiske og estetiske fagene som faggruppe og fag, og samspillet dette til enhver tid inngår i. Studien bidrar med forskning som kan bli nyttig for fagutvikling i fremtidig utdanningsfelt. Det er behov for en videre diskusjon om faggruppen og enkeltfagenes egenart, og om operasjonaliseringer av fagene i skole og lærerutdanning.
Nøkkelord: praktiske og estetiske fag, konseptualisering, skole, lærerutdanning
The practical and aesthetic subjects in school and teacher education - historical conceptualization
Abstract
The article discusses the conceptualization of practical and aesthetic subjects as knowledge field in school and teacher education. These subjects are physical education, arts and crafts, food and health and music. We investigate historical conceptualization and explicit as well as more implicit key moments that are typically overlooked and that may have been important to the development of the subject group in school and teacher education. We have searched in texts and used the service NB N-gram from the National Library, which makes it possible to search for occurrence of specific words and word frequencies, to obtain a historical picture of the occurrence of different concepts in steering documents. Further, we have developed a timeline to delineate educational policy events that may have influenced how the subjects and subject group are conceptualized. Individual interviews gave us knowledge of important professional and historical key moments for the subjects in school and teacher education. Different conceptualisations may be related to constantly ongoing discussions regarding the practical and aesthetic subjects as a subject group and individual subjects in school and in teacher education, and the interaction this entails. The study contributes with research that can be useful in future education. There is a need for further discussions on the subject group and the individual subjects' distinctive character, and about operationalizations of the subjects in school and teacher education.
Keywords: practical aesthetic school subjects, conceptualization, school, teacher educatio
Regional variation in public long-term home care : Regional differences in the Netherlands and the role of patient experiences
No full textPractice variation is often defined as variation in access to healthcare - usually across regions - that cannot be explained by differences in patient populations. Practice variation may therefore lead to inefficiency and violate the principle of equal access to healthcare. The study of practice variation in long-term care (LTC) is a comparatively new area of research. This paper focuses on variation in publicly financed home care, which is gaining popularity as an alternative for institutional care. In addition, this paper focuses on whether and how patient experiences are associated with this variation. We use multinomial logistic regression analyses to assess regional variation in entitlements for publicly financed home care. Linear regression analyses were added to examine regional variation in intensity of entitled publicly financed home care, and the relationship between variation and patient experiences. The study showed a maximum difference of 34 percentage points across regions. Moreover, a maximum of 23 out of 31 regions showed significant differences in intensity of entitled care. Almost none of the observed variation can be explained by patient experiences. Our study showed evidence that eligibility for publicly financed home care depended partially on where a client lived. This study has been performed before the major decentralisation of the Dutch LTC system in January 2015. We expect regional variation to increase as a result of local demand, supply factors and the budgetary restrictions of the local stakeholders. This imposes challenges for countries as the Netherlands, which introduced a shift towards using more publicly financed home while striving towards equal access.
Published: Online December 2020
Quintero Ramírez, Sara, Lenguaje creativo en el discurso periodístico deportivo. Estudio contrastivo en español, francés e inglés, Berlín, Peter Lang, 2019, 197 págs.
No full textThe book Creative language in sports journalistic discourse: Contrastive study in Spanish, French and English, written by Sara Quintero Ramírez, presents us with an in-depth analysis of the rhetorical figures of a semantic nature used in various sports journalistic publications around the world. This study accounts for the various creative phenomena used in the genre of sports journalistic discourse and their inter-linguistic and intercultural similarities and differences.El libro Lenguaje creativo en el discurso periodístico deportivo: Estudio contrastivo en español, francés e inglés, escrito por Sara Quintero Ramírez, nos presenta un análisis en profundidad de las figuras retóricas de naturaleza semántica utilizadas en diversas publicaciones periodísticas deportivas de todo el mundo. Este estudio da cuenta de los diversos fenómenos creativos utilizados en el género del discurso periodístico deportivo y sus semejanzas y diferencias interlingüísticas e interculturales
“This is where we do it!”. Materiality, family, and musealization in second homes
No full textThe materiality of family-inherited second homes offers a rich example of musealization in the private sphere. Presuming that relational socio-material practices that enact family culture and history take place at these houses, we conducted an observation and interview study by visiting ten family-inherited second homes in Denmark. In our analysis of these visits, we examine various practices by which musealization takes place in the second homes. We emphasize that the inherited second homes set scenes for musealization practices concerning a wide collective and temporally elongated family member circle. We also claim that unstable and undecided musealization practices can sometimes be useful for balancing past, present, and future claims of the second home’s materiality. We finally suggest that musealization practices in family-inherited second homes present vibrant and negotiable ways of relating to the past that might inspire cultural historical museums.The materiality of family-inherited second homes offers a rich example of musealization in the private sphere. Presuming that relational socio-material practices that enact family culture and history take place at these houses, we conducted an observation and interview study by visiting ten family-inherited second homes in Denmark. In our analysis of these visits, we examine various practices by which musealization takes place in the second homes. We emphasize that the inherited second homes set scenes for musealization practices concerning a wide collective and temporally elongated family member circle. We also claim that unstable and undecided musealization practices can sometimes be useful for balancing past, present, and future claims of the second home’s materiality. We finally suggest that musealization practices in family-inherited second homes present vibrant and negotiable ways of relating to the past that might inspire cultural historical museums
A Tale of Two Shitties: Extreme Examples of Expert Habitus in an Anal Cancer Prevention Clinic
No full textBased on 12 months of ethnographic data collection in an anal cancer prevention clinic, this article uses the extreme examples of patients involuntarily defecating through the anoscope during the procedure to highlight the relationship between the extreme and the everyday. Despite the rarity of this occurrence, I argue that these extreme examples shed light on the ways the daily clinical routines are embodied as an expert habitus. High Resolution Anoscopy procedures are specialized, highly routinized practices that are performed hundreds of times per month at the clinic. These routines result in the development of a clinical habitus that guides physicians in deploying techniques to efficiently conduct the invasive examination. Exemplary examples of ordinary procedures certainly help explain how this expert habitus is enacted through routine clinical practices; however, this expertise becomes especially observable in moments when habituated practices are disrupted, forcing clinicians to react and respond in unscripted ways. I discuss the only two instances of patients defecating through the anoscope that occurred while conducting my research, each with a different clinician. These extreme examples provide rich opportunities to analyze how clinicians with similar procedural habits navigate extraordinary situations in expert and professional but idiosyncratic ways. Whereas exemplary examples of everyday routinized procedures can show the process of developing an expert clinical habitus, these extreme examples more clearly demonstrate how this habitus enacts expertise and professionalism by highlighting the clinicians’ abilities to deftly navigate the technical and sociocultural aspects of such extraordinary disruptions
Controversial societal issues in education: Explorations of moral, critical and didactical implications
No full text’Jeg er trett – trett – trett!’ Alle kvinners blad og kritikken av «husmorparadiset» på 1950-tallet
No full text1950-tallet fremstilles gjerne som et «husmorparadis», men var i realiteten et tiår preget av en brytningstid mellom gamle og nye kvinneidealer. Sam-tidig som rekordmange gifte kvinner i denne perioden var registrert som husmødre, ble husmorens rolle diskutert både i akademiske miljøer, i kvinnepolitiske miljøer og i den brede offentligheten. I denne artikkelen undersøker vi hvordan Alle kvinners blad både kan sies å ha forholdt seg til og bidratt til denne debatten. Samtidig diskuterer vi hvorfor bladet senere har vært utelatt fra andre undersøkelser av norsk kjønns- og likestillingsdebatt på 1950-tallet, spesielt innenfor den etablerte kjønnshistorien. Gjennom en historiografisk undersøkelse av noen sentrale kjønnshistoriske fremstillinger av 1970-tallets nye kvinnebevegelse, knytter vi utelatelsen til rollen Alle kvinners blad har spilt i disse, som kjønnskonservativ ideologiprodusent som utelukkende bidro til indoktrinering av husmødre.The 1950’s are generally remembered as “the Norwegian housewife’s paradise”, although in many ways, the decade represented a time of change. On the one hand a great number of married women were registered as housewives in this era. On the other hand, the housewife’s situation, and whether she ought to be an ideal for all married women, was up for discussion in academic circles, in feminist circles and among the general public. This article explores how the Norwegian women’s magazine Alle kvinners blad (Every Women’s Magazine) both responded to and contributed to this ongoing debate. The article also asks why the magazine later was left out of other cultural and scientific studies of the Norwegian gender and equality debates of the 1950’s, with an emphasis on the established gender history. Reading some of the central gender historic presentations of the new feminist wave in the 1970’s, we claim that the omission are grounded on the part the magazine came to play in these presentations, more precisely the part of a conservative producer of gender ideology, who only contributed to indoctrinate the housewives. 
Eldre i psykiatrien: : – Ei skrøpeleg gruppe med komplekse behov
No full textEldre har høgare sjølvmordsrisiko enn unge. Ifølgje ein ny studie er det dei eldre utan tidlegare behandling i psykisk helsevern som er mest utsette