University of Oslo (UiO): FRITT (E-Journals)
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Inferiority vs. Superiority: A code of Egyptian and Tunisian lifeworlds in 2016
No full textA cluster of arrays “provid[ing] principles of order within the unstructured simultaneity of everyday-worlds”* in Egypt and Tunisia in 2016, forming part of the two countries’ “culture” during the In 2016 project’s target year.
*H. U. Gumbrecht, In 1926: Living at the Edge of Time (1997), 443.
GOTO
ARRAYS: ʔAlsh | Apartment Wanted | ʿAshwāʾiyyāt | Baby Milk | Celebrities | Clash | Commemoration / Memorial Days | Conversions | Court Trials | Crowdfunding | Dancing | Disappearances | Disasters | Dollar Crisis | Downtown/Centre-ville | Dual Identities / Masking | Éveil d’une nation / Ṣaḥwat umma | Father Figures | Football | Garbage | Gated Communities / Compounds | Hashish | High School Exams | The Honourable Citizen | In Islam, … | Kamīn | Language | LGBT | Manīsh msāmiḥ | Migration | Mobile Phones | The Policeman Criminal | Pop Music | Prison | Psychiatrists | Public Hearings | Red Sea Islands | Self-help | Social Media | Suicide | The Suspect Foreigner | Tourist Resorts | Tricking the System / Tricked by the System | Tuk-tuk | Uber | Valentine’s Day | The Voice from Above | Zaḥma
CODES: Affluence vs. Destitution | Beautiful vs. Ugly | Center vs. Periphery | Freedom vs. Constraint | Hope vs. Hell | Male vs. Female | Normality vs. Heroism | Past vs. Present | Security vs. Fear | “The System” vs. “The People” | True vs. False | Voice vs. Silence | Young vs. Settled
CODES COLLAPSED: Hope = Hell (Dystopia) | Inferiority = Superiority (Satire) | Normality = Heroism (Surviving) | Present = Past (Stuck) | Security = Fear (Police State) | True = False (Life in Limbo
Ny kunnskap må forplikte på selvmordsfeltet
No full textDet er stadig mer politisk vilje til å satse på selvmordsfeltet, men mangelen på gode oversikter har bidratt til å gjøre satsingenfragmentert. Nasjonalt kartleggingssystem for selvmord i psykisk helsevern og tverrfaglig spesialisert rusbehandling (NSSF) har nå lagt fram sin første årsrapport, og funnene her må legge føringer på videreprioriteringer i feltet
Public or private corruption? : The ideological dimension of anti-corruption discourses in Colombia, Ecuador and Albania
No full textThis is a summary of some of the main arguments and findings of the book ¿Corrupción pública o privada? La dimensión ideológica de los discursos anti-corrupción en Colombia, Ecuador y Albania (Bogotá: Tirant lo Blanch, 2020). The book compares the official anti-corruption discourses of president Juan Manuel Santos (2010-2018) in Colombia, president Rafael Correa (2007-2017) in Ecuador and prime minister Edi Rama (2013-present) in Albania. It shows that although these three countries face very similar levels and perceptions of corruption their governments articulate this phenomenon differently due to their distinct ideological positions. While the neoliberal governments of Santos and Rama defined corruption primarily as abuse of public office and locate it mainly in the public sector, or in its interaction with the private one, the government of Rafael Correa, which embraced the 21st Century Socialism, defined corruption primarily as a problem of the private sector that captures and distorts the public sector.
Dollbaum, Jan, Morvan Lallouet, and Ben Noble. 2021. Navalny: Putin’s Nemesis, Russia’s Future? London: Hurst.
No full textA Two-year Journey under the Arrows of the Black Death: The Medieval Plague Pandemic in Ibn Baṭṭūṭa’s Travels
No full textThe penultimate part of the Riḥla by Ibn Baṭṭūṭa recounts his return journey to Morocco from the Middle East through North Africa—and another short tour in al-Andalus—between January 1348 and March 1350. At that time, in all these territories the plague pandemic known as the Black Death was raging and references to it punctuate this part of the work like a tired refrain. As numerous studies have shown borrowings and adaptations from other sources in the Riḥla, Ibn Baṭṭūṭa may not have made all the journeys he claims, but to date no one has questioned his journey through the Arabian area in those years. On the contrary, historians of the Black Death regard the Riḥla as an important document for the study of the scourge in the Middle East and North Africa.
In this paper I aim to reconstruct the narrative of the pandemic in Ibn Baṭṭūṭa’s Riḥla by taking from the text the passages in which it is mentioned, in order to answer some questions: to which places do these passages refer? What information does the Riḥla give about the disease, its effects and people’s reaction? Does it correspond to that provided by the Arab chronicles? Does it fit with current microbiology, genetics and palaeogenetics research? Since the Riḥla is a narrative work, how does it describe the scourge? Does its description differ from that of the chroniclers?
The concluding paragraph seeks an answer to two more questions: does the Riḥla report Ibn Baṭṭūṭa’s experience or might he and/or the editor of the work, Ibn Ǧuzayy, have taken information from other sources? And if Ibn Baṭṭūṭa did make this journey, thus probably being the only traveller who left an account of a “two-year journey under the arrows of the Black Death,” how could he return home unscathed
Moral Assessments and Legal Categories: The Relationship between Rational Ethics and Revealed Law in Post-Classical Imāmī Shīʿī Legal Theory
No full textIn this chapter, I examine the discussion around the rational and moral basis for legal categories in postclassical Imāmī Twelver Shīʿī legal theory. The debate was pushed forward by the Akhbārī movement in the 17th century CE; they proposed a novel position concerning the rational basis for the law in which reason can determine certain moral aspects of an action (e.g., a good action can be recognised by reason, and its performance attracts praise), but not legal elements (e.g., that the performance of a good action deserves a reward beyond praise). This leaves, for them, the Lawgiver (that is, God) to connect the moral aspects of an act with its legal consequences (that is punishment for a morally bad action and reward for a morally good action); that causal connection cannot be made by reason alone. Based on these findings, I conclude that Akhbārī moral theory, often read along literalist lines, showcases an adherence to the Muʿtazilī-derived framework common to the Imāmī Twelver Shīʿī theology and law generally, whilst also reserving ultimate legal authority to God
The Scarab and Scaraboid Seals in the Egyptian Collection of the Museum of Cultural History, University of Oslo
No full textThe Museum of Cultural History in Oslo is home to a small but fine ancient Egyptian collection. For my Magister thesis at the University of Heidelberg, I had the pleasure of conducting research on the 98 scarabs and scaraboid seals in the collection. The study focused on the bottom motifs and the multifunctional purposes for their owners as well as the important insights they provide into common religious beliefs in ancient Egyptian society. This short overview of the research conducted in Oslo presents all twelve attested bottom motifs and introduces the most remarkable objects in the collection. Covering a time span from the Twelfth Dynasty until the Late Period and most probably the Roman Period, the scarabs and scaraboid seals in the museum bear testimony to 2000 years of cultural history, providing fascinating details about the religious beliefs of the common people as well as demonstrating the importance of these objects in everyday life
Verdensreligionsmodellen i religions- og livssynsundervisningen: Hva er egentlig problemet?
No full textAbstract: The article examines and discusses different contemporary critiques of the place of the world religions in religious education. It takes its point of departure in two central contributions written in a Norwegian context by Trine Anker and Bengt-Ove Andreassen, and compares these with Tomoko Masuzawa’s critique of the world religions paradigm in The Invention of World Religions. In so doing, the article aims to show that two different understandings of what the world religions paradigm is about, are part of the current academic discussion. The last part of the article discusses the implications of this for didactic research and reflection, and suggests a conceptuality that separates between a “system model”, a “thematic model”, and the “world religions paradigm” in the sense that the latter can be part of both a systematic and a thematic approach to religious education.
Keywords: the world religions paradigm, fagfornyelsen, Tomoko Masuzawa, the concept of religion, KRLE/RESammendrag: Artikkelen undersøker og drøfter ulike aktuelle kritikker av verdensreligionenes plass i religions- og livssynsundervisningen. Den tar utgangspunkt i to sentrale bidrag skrevet i en norsk kontekst av Trine Anker og Bengt-Ove Andreassen, og sammenligner disse med Tomoko Masuzawas kritikk av verdensreligionsmodellen i The Invention of World Religions. Formålet med dette er å vise at to ulike forståelser av hva verdensreligionsmodellen innebærer gjør seg gjeldende i dagens fagdebatt. Artikkelens siste del drøfter hva dette har å si for didaktisk forskning og refleksjon og foreslår en begrepsbruk som skiller mellom «systemmodellen», «temamodellen» og «verdensreligionsmodellen» i den forstand at den sistnevnte modellen kan legges til grunn for både en systematisk og en tematisk tilnærming innen religions- og livssynsundervisningen.
Nøkkelord: verdensreligionsmodellen, fagfornyelsen, Tomoko Masuzawa, religionsbegrepet, KRLE/R
Museums, Artefacts and Cultural Heritage Sites
No full textThe relationships between museums, artefacts and original sites are complex. How may we use mobile augmented reality (AR) to bridge the gaps between both indoors and outdoors exhibitions as well as the opposition between central collections and the more peripheral sites of the original artefacts? In this paper we present two main cases (the Viking Ship Museum in Oslo and the Calmecac Museum in Mexico City) where we have experimented with bringing a digital copy of the displaced artefact back to its original environment, as well as bringing a digital copy of the original environment into the displaced or isolated object in the museum exhibition. Further, we report on a solution to solve the problem with indoor positioning (IPS) and how it can be seamlessly combined with GPS–based outdoor positioning for smooth transitions between inside and outside. Finally, these cases were tested with three different hardware platforms - tablets, smartphones and smartglasses.