University of Oslo (UiO): FRITT (E-Journals)
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Paralelo 12 Sur: la sátira contra las apariencias sociales en la Lima de Juan del Valle y Caviedes y en la Bahía de Gregório de Matos
No full textJuan del Valle y Caviedes y Gregório de Matos son dos poetas del siglo XVII que desarrollan su obra de manera paralela en Lima (Perú) y en Bahía (Brasil). El presente artículo propone un análisis comparativo de su corpus satírico, para el que proponemos como clave de lectura la crítica a las apariencias sociales. Esta crítica la vemos reflejada en las sátiras de oficios, en los ataques contra mulatos y en las descripciones de las respectivas ciudades. Encontramos que Caviedes y Matos desarrollan la tradición satírica peninsular con variaciones debidas al contexto latinoamericano: la frecuencia con que critican el fingimiento, la aparición de nuevos referentes y tipos sociales (los mulatos y mestizos) y algunos rasgos que particularizan los tipos tradicionales (la supuesta inferioridad criolla). Estas variaciones suponen puntos de convergencia que promueven el diálogo de las literaturas virreinales de Hispanoamérica y Brasil, como complemento al tradicional eje de estudio metrópoli/colonia.Juan del Valle y Caviedes and Gregório de Matos are two seventeenth-century poets who carry out their work in parallel in Lima (Peru) and Bahia (Brazil). This article proposes a comparative analysis of their satirical corpus, focusing on the critique of social appearances. This criticism is reflected in the satires of trades, in the attacks against mulattoes and in the descriptions of the respective cities. We found that Caviedes and Matos develop the peninsular satirical tradition with variations due to the Latin American context: the frequent criticism of pretence, the appearance of new referents and social types (mulattos and mestizos) and some features that characterize traditional types (the supposed Creole inferiority). These variations represent points of convergence that promote the dialogue of the colonial literatures of Spanish America and Brazil, as a complement to the traditional metropolis / colony study axis
Shield-maidens and Norse Amazons Reconsidered Women and Weapons in Viking Age Burials in Norway
No full textThis paper provides new insights into the custom of burying women with weapons in Viking Age Norway. Possible female graves furnished with swords, axe heads, spearheads and arrowheads are known from Rogaland, Sogn og Fjordane, Telemark, Trøndelag and Vestfold, and although each case is unique, they share some intriguing confluences. In additionto weapons, their assemblages often contain high quality jewellery, curated objects, amulets, and items imported from distant locations. This paper investigates various source critical and methodological issues associated with these finds and situates them in an interdisciplinary context, seeking to propose new ideas on who the deceased were in life and how their mourners wanted to remember them in death
Älgens roll i ett neolitiskt tänkande. Om fångstgropar, skärvstensvallar och hällbilder i mellersta Norrland
No full textThe moose and its place in the Neolithic thinking The study argues that the concept of Neolithisation can be applied to the Stone Age hunter-gatherer communities of Middle Norrland. The point of departure is that Neolithisation can be regarded as a form of production, a cognitive structure, rather than being reduced to a term signifying the presence of farming or animal husbandry. Since phenomena such as collective practices and organisational endeavours comprised the prerequisites for the stationary archaeological remains in Middle Norrland, the notion that this society has been permeated by what I refer to as a ”Neolithic way of thinking” is well supported.
The introduction of this Neolithic way of thinking should not, however, be regarded as a consequence of climatologic or demographic changes. Such factors would have resulted in a rapid and intentional initiation of this cognitive structure, aimed at maximising returns as quickly as possible. The stationary archaeological remains in Middle Norrland provide no support for such a process, since they are not the result of a limited, intense construction phase. Pit falls and rock art have accumulated, and been elaborated and added to over hundreds, sometimes thousands, of years.
Instead of regarding the Neolithic way of thinking as the consequence of environmental or demographic stress, I suggest that it can be perceived as the fruit of ”material interaction”. Phenomena such as collective practices, organisational endeavours or regulations of the landscape sprung from the activities and attitudes required in order to make use of the pit falls, walls of fire-cracked stones and rock art. In other words, the Neolithic way of thinking evolved as a reaction to the presence of these remains in the landscape
Mette Løvschal, Rasmus Birch Iversen and Mads Kähler Holst (eds.) 2019: De dræbte krigere i Alken Enge. Efterkrigsritualer i ældre jernalder. Jysk Arkæologisk Selskab, Højbjerg. 289 p. ISBN: 978-87-93423-45-9.
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Faglege identitetsforhandlingar i ein fleirstemmig norsklærarrøyndom
No full textDenne artikkelen legg eit dialogisk og sosiokulturelt perspektiv til grunn for å undersøkje tilhøvet mellom fagleg identitet og læraraktørskap (teacher agency). Eitt intervju med ein norsklærarar i vidaregåande skule vert analysert som døme på korleis lærarar forhandlar fagleg identitet mellom personlege erfaringar og sosiale språk og talesjangrar som vert tilbydde av røyster i læraren sin sosiokulturelle kontekst. Tilhøvet mellom dei ulike røystene kan verte forstått som ei produktiv spenning der læraren aktivt tek stilling til moglege norsklærar-posisjonar. Analysen syner korleis læraren utøver aktørskap ved å påverke eigen norsklæraridentitet, samstundes som læraren si gradvise erkjenning av eigen fagleg identitet vert ein ressurs for å gi retning til lærarverksemda. Artikkelen framhevar slik fagleg identitet, sosiale språk og talesjangrar si rolle i å forme læraraktørskap samt korleis fagleg identitet og aktørskap er knytt til lærarprofesjonalitet. Using a dialogic and sociocultural perspective, this article aims to explore the relationship between teachers’ subject identity and their agency. An interview with one Norwegian language arts teacher in upper secondary school is analyzed as an example of how teachers negotiate subject identity between personal experiences, and social languages and speech genres afforded by voices in the teachers’ sociocultural context. The relationship between the different voices can be understood as a productive tension where the teacher actively engages with possible Norwegian language arts teacher-positions. The analysis shows how the teacher exercises agency through influence on the formation of his subject identity, and, at the same time, how recognition of this subject identity becomes a resource for giving direction to his teaching practice. The article highlights the role of subject identity, social languages, and speech genres in shaping teacher agency, and the connection between subject identity, teacher agency, and teacher professionalism.
Fortellinger om håp og håpløshet – Bærekraftsundervisning i antropocen
No full textThe topic of this article is how teacher students use stories about hope and hopelessness in relation to the ongoing and irreversible climate changes that are part of the Anthropocene. What happens to the faith in sustainability when climate change is becoming increasingly pronounced in the form of increased mean temperatures, extreme weather events and long periods of drought, and how does this affect sustainability teaching? The article starts with a theoretical discussion of the possibility of sustainability and sustainability education in the Anthropocene. The empirical basis is written reflections and assignments by third year teacher students in social science. Based on a discourse-psychological approach, the article shows how students draw on stories about both hope and hopelessness in their discussions of climate crisis and sustainability. The article ends with a discussion about the relevance of such stories, and the ways in which teachers and teacher educators may negotiate between stories about hope and hopelessness in sustainability education.Denne artikkelen handler om hvordan lærerstudenter i samfunnsfag bruker fortellinger om håp og håpløshet i relasjon til de pågående og irreversible klimaendringene som kjennetegner antropocen. Artikkelen spør hva som skjer med troen på bærekraft når klimaendringene blir stadig mer uttalte i form av økte gjennomsnittstemperaturer, ekstreme værhendelser og lange tørkeperioder, og hvordan dette påvirker undervisninga om temaet bærekraft. Artikkelen starter med en teoretisk gjennomgang av mulighetene for bærekraft og bærekraftsundervisning i lys av antropocen. Det empiriske grunnlaget er refleksjonsnotater og studentoppgaver skrevet av tredjeårs grunnskolelærerstudenter i samfunnsfag. Med utgangspunkt i et diskurspsykologisk begrepsapparat viser artikkelen hvordan studentenes meningsproduksjon rundt klimakrise og bærekraft veksler mellom fortellinger om håp og om håpløshet. Avslutningsvis drøftes betydninga av disse fortellingene, og hvordan både lærere og lærerutdannere kan forvalte spennet mellom håp og håpløshet i bærekraftsundervisninga
Polyp and Surgical Instrument Segmentation with Double Encoder-Decoder Networks
No full textThis paper describes a solution for the MedAI competition, in which participants were required to segment both polyps and surgical instruments from endoscopic images. Our approach relies on a double encoder-decoder neural network which we have previously applied for polyp segmentation, but with a series of enhancements: a more powerful encoder architecture, an improved optimization procedure, and the post-processing of segmentations, based on tempered model ensembling. Experimental results show that our method produces segmentations that show a good agreement with manual delineations provided by medical experts.This paper describes a solution for the MedAI competition, in which participants were required to segment both polyps and surgical instruments from endoscopic images. Our approach relies on a double encoder-decoder neural network which we have previously applied for polyp segmentation, but with a series of enhancements: a more powerful encoder architecture, an improved optimization procedure, and the post-processing of segmentations, based on tempered model ensembling. Experimental results show that our method produces segmentations that show a good agreement with manual delineations provided by medical experts
T-MIS: Transparency Adaptation in Medical Image Segmentation
No full textWe often locate ourselves in a trade-off situation between what is predicted and understanding why the predictive modeling made such a prediction. This high-risk medical segmentation task is no different where we try to interpret how well has the model learned from the image features irrespective of its accuracy. We propose image-specific fine-tuning to make a deep learning model adaptive to specific medical imaging tasks. Experimental results reveal that: a) proposed model is more robust to segment previously unseen objects (negative test dataset) than state-of-the-art CNNs; b) image-specific fine-tuning with the proposed heuristics significantly enhances segmentation accuracy; and c) our model leads to accurate results with fewer user interactions and less user time than conventional interactive segmentation methods. The model successfully classified ’no polyp’ or ’no instruments’ in the image irrespective of the absence of negative data in training samples from Kvasir-seg and Kvasir-Instrument datasets.We often locate ourselves in a trade-off situation between what is predicted and understanding why the predictive modeling made such a prediction. This high-risk medical segmentation task is no different where we try to interpret how well has the model learned from the image features irrespective of its accuracy. We propose image-specific fine-tuning to make a deep learning model adaptive to specific medical imaging tasks. Experimental results reveal that: a) proposed model is more robust to segment previously unseen objects (negative test dataset) than state-of-the-art CNNs; b) image-specific fine-tuning with the proposed heuristics significantly enhances segmentation accuracy; and c) our model leads to accurate results with fewer user interactions and less user time than conventional interactive segmentation methods. The model successfully classified ’no polyp’ or ’no instruments’ in the image irrespective of the absence of negative data in training samples from Kvasir-seg and Kvasir-Instrument datasets
Segmentation of Polyp Instruments using UNet based deep learning model
No full textIn this paper, we present a UNet architecture-based deep learning method that is used to segment polyp and instruments from the image data set provided in the MedAI Challenge2021. For the polyp segmentation task, we developed a UNet based algorithm for segmenting polyps in images taken from endoscopies. The main focus of this task is to achieve high segmentation metrics on the supplied test dataset. Similarly for the polyp segmentation task, in the instrument segmentation task, we have developed UNet based algorithms for segmenting instruments present in colonoscopy videos.In this paper, we present a UNet architecture-based deep learning method that is used to segment polyp and instruments from the image data set provided in the MedAI Challenge2021. For the polyp segmentation task, we developed a UNet based algorithm for segmenting polyps in images taken from endoscopies. The main focus of this task is to achieve high segmentation metrics on the supplied test dataset. Similarly for the polyp segmentation task, in the instrument segmentation task, we have developed UNet based algorithms for segmenting instruments present in colonoscopy videos
Reformen av kulturminnevernet og det politiske landskapet.: Noen betraktninger om estetikk, endetidsfortellinger, kanon og ressursarvsavn
No full textReformen av kulturminnevernet og det politiske landskapet.Noen betraktninger om estetikk, endetidsfortellinger, kanon og ressursavsav