University of Oslo (UiO): FRITT (E-Journals)
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Clusters and Traveling Fisherman
No full textThis paper describes a solution for the FishAI competition organized by Norwegian Artificial Intelligence Research Consortium. The competition consisted of three tasks: forecasting the location with the most fish caught by date, creating the optimal fishing plan, and providing a visualization for the fishermen to utilize these results.
We compared multiple approaches for the forecasting task. The most promising approach approach to creating the optimal fishing plan was to complete k-means clustering and subsequently solving the traveling salesman problem for the most viable forecast locations. Our visualization consisted of an interactive map with efficient fishing locations and routes as well as key performance indicators.
Our results suggest that forecasting the single best fishing location is difficult but that efficient fishing plans can be formulated based on forecasts for larger regions
Lavere risiko for selvmord blant flyktninger
No full textSelv om flyktninger ofte har opplevd traumatiserende hendelser, har de lavere risiko for selvmord enn innfødte nordmenn og svensker, ifølge en ny studie
Rainforest conversations : How students talk about plants.
No full textThis study examines the conversations of 41 student teachers during visits to a designed rainforest in a greenhouse in a botanical garden in Sweden. The aim of this study is to explore the multimodal affordances of the rainforest for student teachers’ negotiations, and through this obtain an understanding of the potential this environment has for teaching and learning about plants, biodiversity, ecology and life on Earth. Data for this exploratory case study was collected through observations as well as audio recordings of interactions between student teachers. Data was analysed using multiple tools, including thematic analyses and social semiotics. The results show that the walk-through in the rainforest and the encounters with plants awaken curiosity, raise questions and bring about hypotheses. This has implications for and informs teaching about plants and the importance of plants for life on Earth
Livssyn hos humanistiske konfirmanter – implikasjoner for religions- og livssynsundervisning
No full textDuring the last decades of the 20th century, worldviews (“livssyn”) were included as a topic in the syllabuses of Religious and Moral Education in Norwegian primary and secondary schools. There is still a need to clarify aspects of the concept of worldview. One such aspect is how worldviews are experienced and understood by pupils who define themselves as non-religious. This article is a contribution to increase our knowledge of this aspect. The article investigates how secular pupils describe their own worldview and what implications this understanding might have for the understanding of worldview as a concept and for religious and worldview education in Norwegian schools.
The article is based on interviews with four teenagers who defined themselves as non-religious, and who were recruited as informants based on their participation in a secular humanist confirmation course and ceremony. The results show that the informants’ understanding of worldview basically mirrors the presentations given in the research literature, emphasizing issues such as view on life and humanity, existential questions, practice, moral values, and meaning making. Like the literature, the majority of informants also apply a concept of worldview that gives space for both secular and religious as well as organized and personal notions of worldview. The informants accentuate some aspects in ways that are less articulate in the literature. Some informants underline the need for independence from established worldview traditions and for expanding the borders of secular worldviews, for example related to the question of life after death. The informants also display how even personal worldviews may have a substantial practice dimension. Based on these findings, the article suggests that there may be a need to clarify the concept of worldview in the syllabuses and the education, in particular with regard to the relationship between organized and personal worldviews and the role of the pupils’ personal worldviews in classroom work.Livssyn kom inn som tema i religionsundervisningen i Norge i siste del av 1900-tallet. Det er likevel fortsatt vesentlige sider ved livssynsbegrepet som trenger nærmere avklaring. Dette gjelder blant annet hvordan livssyn og livssynsforståelse framtrer hos elever som definerer seg som ikke-religiøse. Denne artikkelen er et bidrag til å belyse dette. Den undersøker hvordan humanistiske konfirmanter beskriver sitt livssyn, og hvilke implikasjoner dette kan ha for forståelse av livssynsbegrepet og for skolens religions- og livssynsundervisning.
Artikkelen er basert på en kvalitativ analyse av intervjuer med fire ungdommer som beskriver seg selv som ikke-religiøse, og som ble rekruttert med bakgrunn i at de har deltatt i humanistisk konfirmasjon. Undersøkelsen viser i hovedsak samsvar mellom ungdommenes og forskningslitteraturens beskrivelser av livssyn, med vekt på virkelighetsforståelse, menneskesyn, eksistensielle spørsmål, livssynspraksis, verdier og mening, og med vekt på et livssynsbegrep som inkluderer ulike livssynsformer, så vel sekulære og religiøse som organiserte og personlige. Samtidig framhever informantene behov for selvstendighet i forhold til etablerte livssyn, de peker på behov for å utvide grenser for sekulær livssynsforståelse, for eksempel i spørsmålet om hva som skjer etter døden, og de viser hvordan også personlige livssyn kan ha en tydelig praksisdimensjon. Med dette som utgangspunkt peker studien på at det kan være behov for å avklare livssynsbegrepet i læreplaner og i undervisning. Dette gjelder særlig forholdet mellom organiserte og personlige livssyn og hvilken rolle elevenes personlige og eksistensielle livssynsspørsmål skal ha i undervisningsarbeidet
Lenisering etter kort vokal: relikt-fenomen eller opphav?
No full textThe topic of the paper is a small group of Norwegian dialects where lenition of p, t, k into b, d, g in intervocalic and word-final position is limited to words characterized by a monomoraic, stressed syllable in Old Norse. These dialects are spoken in the easternmost local communities in Agder county, at the eastern margin of the South-Norwegian lenition areas where lenition hit all short oral stops irrespective of preceding vowel length. After the quantity shift had made all stressed vowels bimoraic, with rimes being either VV or VC, the distribution of the lenited plosives are after both long and short vowels (the main area) or after short vowels only (the eastern marginal area).
Haslum (2004) argues that the limited distribution in the east ist the result of a reversal after long vowels only. While this cannot be refuted as a possibility, I argue below that it may also be the result of a two-stage process, whereby lenition after a short vowel has spread further than the generalized process.Temaet for denne artikkelen er en liten gruppe dialekter der lenisering av p, t, k til b, d, g etter trykksterk vokal er begrenset til ord som hadde kort, trykksterk stavelse i norrønt. Disse dialektene finner vi ved kysten helt øst i Agder, nær grensen mot Telemark og ved den østlige isoglossen for den sørnorske leniseringen som rammet alle korte konsonanter, uavhengig av om vokalen foran var lang eller kort. Etter at kvantitetsomleggingen hadde forlenget de norrøne, korte rotstavelsene enten ved vokalforlenging eller konsonantgeminering, finner vi lenisering både etter lang og kort vokal i hovedområdet, og bare etter kort vokal i området denne artikkelen handler om.
Haslum (2004) argumenterer for at den begrensede distribusjonen ut-gjør et reliktområde etter at lenisering etter lang vokal var blitt reversert. Dette lar seg ikke motbevise, men i denne artikkelen argumenterer jeg for at den mer begrensede leniseringen i øst muligens i stedet kan skyldes en spredningsprosess der lenisjon etter kort vokal spredde seg noe lenger enn den generaliserte prosessen
Carvalho en construcción: Yo maté a Kennedy
No full textYo maté a Kennedy (1972) se ha leído principalmente como una crítica al capitalismo consumista americano surgido después de la segunda guerra mundial y también como una novela experimental fruto del tiempo en el que está escrita. En mi artículo propongo una lectura en clave de estructura de sentimiento (R. Williams), en la que Vázquez Montalbán crea una obra neo-avant-garde para cuestionarse no solamente el estatus quo estadounidense, sino para cuestionarse a sí mismo como un intelectual comunista de izquierdas. Se establece un guiño irónico entre el escritor y el protagonista que (no) coincidirán en una vivencia problemática de su ideología en la que los ideales van quedando para diatribas verbales y la pragmática vital se impregna cada vez más de ese capitalismo criticado. En una gestión manipulada de las tensiones internas y externas del protagonista, el detective Pepe Carvalho, y en el entorno directo de JFK, la narración construye un texto que muestra la relevancia de la otredad en el patriarcado capitalista en el formato de la gran América que se impone como estructura económico-social y de sentimiento en todo occidente y que terminará transformando al personaje y el tono del resto de veinticuatro novelas de la saga Carvalho.Yo maté a Kennedy (1972) has been mostly read as a harsh critique of post-world war II American capitalism and as well as an experimental novel that exemplifies the neo-avant-garde movement of its time. In this article, I defend a reading of the text based on the application of R. Williams’ concept ‘structures of feeling’ on artistic social recreations. I propose that beyond challenging the American status quo of the sixties, Vázquez Montalbán explores how this particular form of capitalism impacts his main character, Pepe Carvalho, and also himself as a communist author. In the narration, the writer recreates an ironical game between Carvalho, the author and many intellectuals of the time wherein the invasion and acceptation of capitalism is unstoppable. In a manipulated control of internal and external tensions, the narration builds a novel that shows the importance of a specific approach to Otherness in American patriarchy capitalism as a key piece of the specific structure of feeling that guides the novel’s characters development and its influence in the western world. In this sense, the changes based on the implementation of this structure will impact the rest of the Carvalho saga. 
Neo-neo Art in the making — Analyses of a globalised phenomenon
No full textThis paper focuses on a globalised phenomenon: references to Greek and Roman antiquity in contemporary art. The study derives from a seven-year PhD research project centred on Greek and Roman antiquity in contemporary art from the 1980s to the present day. Results have been collected in a database which includes more than 1100 artworks produced by more than 150 artists, from 1980 to 2017
Simon Stjernholm og Elisabeth Özdalga (red.), Muslim Preaching in the Middle East and Beyond. Edinburgh University Press, 2020
No full textBokanmeldelse av Nora S. Eggen
Verb placement variation in Swedish and Danish
No full textThis article gives a summary of the Swedish and Danish data on verb placement in the Nordic Word order Database (NWD; Lundquist et al. 2019). The data were collected using an elicited production paradigm. I discuss variation in verb placement in Danish in four constructions: in embedded clauses with respect to adverbs (embedded V2), in main clauses with respect to preverbal and sentence-medial adverbs, and in embedded and main clause wh-questions. The Swedish data cover embedded clauses only. The Swedish and Danish results are discussed in direct comparison to the verb placement patterns observed in the other North Germanic languages covered in the NWD
The state of research among Icelandic museums
No full textMuseums are faced with complex challenges when seeking to fulfil their role as research institutions, whether at the organisational or the conceptual level. These challenges are particularly prominent in the Icelandic museum sector, where research remains obscure, undefined and unregulated. Based on findings from a survey conducted among accredited museums in Iceland, this article illustrates the state of research among Icelandic museums. Inquiring about institutional approach, management and capacity for research, the survey shows how Icelandic museums struggle with scarcity of time, funding and human resources, a picture well known throughout the international museum domain. Furthermore, the article reveals how discrepancies between formal research requirements on the one hand and the lack of criteria on the other create further ramifications for the development of research in Icelandic museums. This, in turn, leaves museums with mixed messages on how to embed research in their agendas and how to account for it.Museums are faced with complex challenges when seeking to fulfil their role as research institutions, whether at the organisational or the conceptual level. These challenges are particularly prominent in the Icelandic museum sector, where research remains obscure, undefined and unregulated. Based on findings from a survey conducted among accredited museums in Iceland, this article illustrates the state of research among Icelandic museums. Inquiring about institutional approach, management and capacity for research, the survey shows how Icelandic museums struggle with scarcity of time, funding and human resources, a picture well known throughout the international museum domain. Furthermore, the article reveals how discrepancies between formal research requirements on the one hand and the lack of criteria on the other create further ramifications for the development of research in Icelandic museums. This, in turn, leaves museums with mixed messages on how to embed research in their agendas and how to account for it