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新見漢牘《史篇一》《史篇二》校讀札記
Get PDF本文在《新見漢牘〈蒼頡篇〉〈史篇〉校釋》整理者工作的基礎上，對新刊《新見漢牘〈蒼頡篇〉〈史篇〉校釋》中的《史篇一》《史篇二》進行校讀。校讀工作主要包括兩方面的内容：一是指出誤識或未識的文字１２則，這些誤識和未識的文字多與漢隸字形有關；二是指出誤注或缺注的詞語１２則，這些誤注和缺注的詞語多具漢代用詞特色。通過對這些文字與詞語的校讀，可以明顯感覺到這批蒙書材料濃厚的漢代味道，這似乎很難作假。
On the basis of the work of the arranger, this paper proofreads the Shi Pian I and Shi Pian II in the new issue “the collation of Cangjie Pian and Shi Pian in newly discovered bamboo slips”. The work of proofreading mainly includes two aspects. The first is to point out 12 unrecognized characters, most of which are related to the misidentify of Han Li characters; and the second is to point out 12 misannotated or unexplained words, most of which have the characteristics of words used in Han Dynasty. Through the proofreading of these characters and words in the Shi Pian I and Shi Pian II, we can clearly feel the strong flavor of Han Dynasty in these elementary literacy document, which seems difficult to fake
呂祖謙《東萊博議》研究
Get PDF伴隨對南宋理學問題的深入發掘研究，理學名家呂祖謙的著作日益得到學界關注。圍繞《古文關鍵》、《宋文鑑》、《呂氏家塾讀詩記》、《近思錄》等作品展開的研究日漸豐富，前輩學人多聚焦於呂氏思想中“以廣大為心”的顯著包容性，探討其在“不名一師、不私一說”家學風氣的影響下從容悠遊於文、史、經、理之間，兼收並蓄、博採眾長，藉“以踐履為實”的實踐追求構建自身豐贍詳實的學術思想體系，並希冀由此尋求社會現實問題的解決之道。其中典型代表當屬呂祖謙在史論方面的嘗試與努力，代表作則首推其早年間為指導科舉而作的《東萊博議》一書。
表面上看《東萊博議》的價值僅限於指導科舉策問，但推敲文本內容，可見其本質上是涵蓋多方面思考的史論作品，在指導科舉的外殼下兼具文學、史學、經學、理學研究意義，顯現出呂氏史論的廣泛包容性。更重要的是《東萊博議》成書日早，文本中多見呂祖謙初涉仕途尚未磨滅的理想色彩，相較其他著作更能體現其早期思想狀態，故而研究《東萊博議》有助於理解呂氏思想體系逐步走向成熟的軌跡脈絡。
正基於此，論文選擇以《東萊博議》史論內容作為研究對象。全文計由八章構成，首章為緒論部分，介紹選題緣由及先期準備；第二章以文本析讀為《東萊博議》定性，明確該書史論性質；第三章回溯史論發展情況還原《東萊博議》的歷史定位，解讀呂祖謙的史論觀；第四章梳理《東萊博議》史論內容，圍繞為政經驗總結與理學概念闡發分析呂氏史論要點；五、六兩章聚焦於《東萊博議》史論內容的思想理據，從文、史、經、理等多方面入手探討呂氏學術認知與思考興寄；第七章依託實例剖析史論文體的先天缺陷，闡發評論的同時觀照呂祖謙《東萊博議》史論的後世影響；尾章歸納得出最終結論，依據現有思考方向展望研究前景，完成論文預設研究目標
The relationship between rumination and metacognition : application of an innovative signal-detection approach
Get PDFRumination, a stable vulnerability marker of depression, is associated with lack of affective bias towards positive information due to cognitive control deficit. However, whether ruminators are self-aware remains unknown. Based on the signal-detection approach, the present study examined metacognition associated with rumination. Specifically, metacognitive sensitivity, the extent to which one’s confidence tracks task performance, was measured using the meta-d’ method. In three directed-forgetting memory experiments, the present research examined whether trait rumination (Experiment 1) and interaction between trait rumination and mood state (Experiments 2 and 3) influenced metacognitive sensitivity. Participants were asked to either forget or remember some affective pictures (i.e., pictures with negative or positive valence). They then performed an old-new discrimination task and indicated confidence rating for their responses. In Experiment 1, an interaction between Valence and Rumination was found: High ruminators’ meta-d’ level decreased significantly when attending to positive-valence images. In Experiments 2, participants performed a similar memory task following either sad- or neutral-mood induction. An interaction among Valence, Rumination, and Mood was observed: During sad mood, high ruminators’ meta-d’ level for processing positive-valence images became significantly lower relative to low ruminators. In Experiment 3, participants’ memory task was preceded by either a rumination- or distraction-focused task. Similarly, an interaction among Valence, Rumination, and Task indicated lower meta-d’ level when high ruminators attended to positive-valence images after rumination task. These findings suggest that trait rumination and sad mood state are associated with metacognitive processing deficits in positive information. Clinical implications are discussed
Massive modularity : an ontological hypothesis or an adaptationist discovery heuristic?
Get PDFCognitive modules are internal mental structures. Some theorists and empirical researchers hypothesize that the human mind is either partially or massively comprised of structures that are modular in nature. Modules are also invoked to explain cognitive capacities associated with the performance of specific functional tasks.
Jerry Fodor (1983) considered that modules are useful only for explaining relatively low-level systems (input systems). These are the systems involved in capacities like perception and language. For Fodor, the central (high-level) systems of mind — those involved in capacities like judgment (the “fixation of belief” in Fodor’s jargon), planning (practical reasoning), decision-making, and so forth — are not explainable in terms of modular mechanisms. However, some other philosophers as well as proponents and practitioners of evolutionary psychology consider that it is sensible — and even necessary — to invoke modules for explaining these systems, too. Indeed, the debate over modularity is mainly a debate over the modularity of central systems (high-level cognitive capacities).
Admittedly, it is also possible to raise doubts about the modularity of peripheral systems (Prinz, 2006), but this kind of skepticism is not widespread in the literature. In contrast, both the empirical and the theoretical (a priori) cases in favor of central modularity are usually contested on multiple fronts and in tough terms. The case for the modularity of central systems is the core of the case for the massive modularity of mind hypothesis (viz. the hypothesis that consists in asserting that both the peripheral and the central systems of human mind are largely composed of modules).
Granted, the massive modularity of mind hypothesis is an empirical statement and, as such, its truth should be ultimately decided in an empirical way, not a priori (Sperber, 1994, 2001). Nonetheless, much of the debate over massive modularity has taken place on theoretical grounds. This is due to an alleged underdetermination of the hypotheses regarding the modularity of central systems by data. In such conditions, the remaining open option has been to advance theoretical considerations in favor of the plausibility — and not directly in favor of the empirical truth or truthlikeness — of the massive modularity of mind generally, and of the modularity of some central systems in particular. These theoretical considerations are mostly based on an adaptationist view of evolution cum a classical computationalist approach to mind. They include arguments about the nature and evolution of hierarchically ordered complex systems (the evolvability of complexity argument), a presumption of optimality expressed in the apparent design of phenotypic traits shaped by natural selection (the task-specificity argument) and dismissing nonmodular mental architectures as computationally intractable (the tractability argument).
Is the massive modularity of mind hypothesis a cogent view about the ontological nature of human mind or is it, rather, an effective/ineffective adaptationist discovery heuristic for generating predictively successful hypothesis about both heretofore unknown psychological traits and unknown properties of already identified psychological traits? Considering the inadequacies of the case in favor of massive modularity as an ontological hypothesis, I suggest approaching and valuing massive modularity as an adaptationist discovery heuristic
The demise of the Soviet system : lessons for today in a time of economic, environmental, and public health crises
No full textModerator: Beatriz BISSIO (Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil)
Speaker (60-90 mins): David KOTZ (University of Massachusetts Amherst, USA
The politics of hope and love
No full textModerators: WANG Hui (Tsinghua University, China) Ackbar ABBAS (University of California, Irvine, USA)
Speaker (50 mins): Paul BOVE (University of Pittsburgh, USA
Book Launch : Wen Tiejun : Ten crises : the political economy of China’s development (1949-2020) (English edition)
No full textSpeakers (5 mins each): Jacob DREYER (Palgrave Macmillan, USA) LAU Kin Chi (Lingnan University, Hong Kong, China) WEN Tiejun (Peking University, China
江門市居家養老需求研究報告 : 城市深度訪談 = The needs of ageing in place in Jiangmen City : in-depth interviews in urban area
Get PDF本次研究旨在調查江門市老年人居家養老的現狀，探索服務需要，提升江門市老年人的生活質素。研究採用定性研究方法，對21名城市老人進行了深度訪談，調查日期從2020年7月到2020年9月。在這21名受訪者中，女性是11人，男性是10人；60-74歲的老人有9名，12名老人在75歲以上；與他人同住的老人有10名，11位老人是獨居。
研究檢視了江門市老年人的健康狀況和居家養老方面的需求，包括住房滿意度、社區設施情況、患病者個人護理需要及生活水準、健康資訊獲取方式、社會支援途徑和方式、老年人喜歡的活動、上門服務的選擇情況、社會組織分佈情況、患病老人的經濟狀況、及智能設備使用情況。
根據被訪者的需要，本文從醫療費用、養老中心和活動、可承擔服務、資訊傳遞、智能設備、家用電器及家居維修等六個方面提出了幾點建議，希望可以提升老年人的生活質素，使他們可以在家安享晚年
Chinese learning goes West : the reception and development of traditional Chinese thought in modern Europe, North America, and beyond : Session A
No full textThe symposium is organized by Prof. Stephen RODDY and Prof. CAI Zong-qi. The session is moderated by Prof. Stephen RODDY and the opening remarks is delivered by Prof. CAI Zong-qi. Each presentation is followed by a Q&A session. Session A includes the following presentations, In Asia with “Marco Polo” and “The Jesuits” : what changes? : some reflections on the space of languages (1250-1650) / Angelo CATTENEO “The ancient and new doctrine of the Chinese on filial piety” : on the most extensive treatise on xiao 孝 in any European language dating from 1779 / Nicolas STANDAERT The “doubly insufficient” translation : reading the Laozi with Abel-Remusat / Dinu LUCA China in the eyes of French intellectuals from La Mothe Vayer to Abel-Remusat : a testimony of European hybrid modernity to revise postcolonial narratives / Jean-Tves HEURTEBISE Foreign concepts in 17th century Europe : meritocracy and “The People” / Martin POWERS Phantasmatic representations of China and Chinese in 18th century sinology and Benedictus Svenonius’s critique of the “Sinographic imaginary” / Martin Svensson EKSTROM
This symposium is under the auspice of a broader project on the dissemination of Chinese culture led by Professor Yuan Xingpei of Peking University. Symposium papers, after successful peer-review, will be published in a volume in the Brill book series Chinese Texts in the World