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Gender differences in drug use : a mixed-methods research in China
No full textGlobally, approximately 36.3 million people aged 15-64 suffer from drug addiction (UNODC, 2021). In recent years, the number of drug users in China has shown an overall downward trend, but the proportion of women among drug users has shown an upward trend.
The data were collected from four provinces of China in 2017-2018. Adopting a mixed-method approach, this study included 1,027 questionnaires and 56 in-depth interviews conducted among drug users. The research participants were cither detained in compulsory detoxification institutions or undergoing drug treatment in communities during the research.
The results of quantitative analysis showed that gender could moderate the correlation between research participants’ attitudes toward drug use and their actual frequency of drug use. The results of qualitative analysis further revealed gender differences in drug use motivation and the mental or behavioral consequences of drug use between men and women. This study suggests that drug education and drug treatment programs should be targeting different gender groups
Comparison of transportation accessibility policy among elderly in Hong Kong and Singapore
Get PDFWith the coming of the aged society, the right of the elderly to participate in social life has been paid more and more attention, and the aging population urgently needs to promote the construction of traffic accessible environment with the travel needs of the elderly as the core. Through the document analysis method of qualitative research, this study chose to make a comparative analysis of the transport accessibility policies of the elderly in Singapore and Hong Kong, aiming to provide policy recommendations for government departments to accelerate the construction of a convenient transport environment for the elderly and support their integration into society. It is found that researchers pay more attention to the infrastructure level of accessible construction, and less discussion from the overall perspective of the traffic system. In addition, the results show that there are obvious connectivity problems in Hong Kong\u27s traffic accessible construction
Gallery film and contemporary Chinese art : on Yang Fudong’s \u3ci\u3eBeyond GOD and Evil-First Chapter\u3c/i\u3e and \u3ci\u3eEndless Peaks\u3c/i\u3e
Get PDFGallery films are cinematic installations assembled and displayed in an art gallery as a combined exhibition of moving images and contemporary art. As such, a gallery film signifies the evolution of film presentation from a black-box screen to a white-cube space, a characteristic of contemporary art. This research examines Yang Fudong’s (b. 1971) two exhibitions Beyond GOD and Evil-First Chapter (Suzhou Museum, September to December 2019) and Endless Peaks (ShanghART Gallery, November 2020 to January 2021) by employing theories from art history as well as film and media studies, including theories of Chinese landscape painting, discourses on the picturesque and spectatorship, and works by such thinkers as André Bazin and Maurice Merleau-Ponty. Following Gene Youngblood’s “expanded cinema,” I argue that Yang has extended the boundaries of film viewing by integrating Chinese landscape ink painting and video art into his gallery films. Yang’s creative strategy, specifically his use of multiple screens and classical Chinese landscape painting in creating a stylistic shift of cinematic viewing in the white cube setting, distinguishes him from other gallery film artists. This type of gallery film is characterized by ambiguity, an epistemological void that invites a hermeneutic interpretation. Gallery film is vital to the understanding and appreciation of Yang Fudong’s works and my study seeks to fill in the gaps of prior studies which tend to focus on the exhibition’s socio-political aspects and do not provide any indepth analysis informed by concepts of gallery film and contemporary art
Return to isolationism? China and the decoupling of people-to-people relations in China’s relations with Africa
No full textIn its history, China has used self-isolation as a strategy to deal with perceived internal and foreign ‘existential threats.’ This strategy frames the non-Chinese and outside world as the ‘dangerous other’, thus justifying self-isolationism as a survival and preservation strategy. This paper, explores how China has employed this strategy to deal with the COVID pandemic. The COVID pandemic triggered this survival instinct in China and resulted in its self-isolation. The paper examines how Beijing’s zero COVID rate strategy, ostracization of foreigners, particularly Africans, and their framing as the other has resulted in the decoupling of people-to-people engagement from Beijing’s foreign policy. It further explores how the self-imposed Isolation of China and framing of Africans as the dangerous other challenged China\u27s self-portrayal as the continent’s all-weather friend, and how that has exposed the schism between the responses of African elites and ordinary citizens to the othering of Africans in China
Chinese chiefs in Africa : scale, reasons, and perceptions
No full textIn recent years, some Chinese have been conferred chiefly titles in African countries for their contributions to local development. Using news and magazine reports from both domestic and foreign sources, this paper reveals that since the 1980s, at least 23 Chinese chiefs have been appointed in Africa – all in West African countries. Chinese chiefs are mainly engaged in infrastructural construction, commerce, and industry, and can be broadly defined as “developmental” chiefs. There are four major types of Chinese chiefs: infrastructure chiefs , community leader chiefs , individual businessperson chiefs, and cultural and educational chiefs. Two important reasons explain this recent phenomenon. On the one hand, the Chinese receive chieftaincy titles due to their outstanding contribution to local socio- economic development. On the other hand, the dynamism and absorption capacity of the host country’s chieftaincy system are equally important. In particular, the emergence of new mechanisms such as development chiefs, returnee chiefs, and immigrant chiefs in countries such as Ghana and Nigeria has played a key role in absorbing foreign chiefs (including the Chinese) since the 1980s. The overall response of the African community to Chinese chiefs has been positive, but there is some criticism about their performance, reasons for being appointed, and their status as outsiders. Therefore, it is critical for the Chinese chiefs to balance business interests and community interests and continue to invest in community service and sustainable development in the local context
Mistrust and trust-making in the distribution and consumption of Chinese-manufactured electronics in Ghana
No full textAlthough trust is central to almost all human interactions, it is generally taken for granted and assumed that every party will diligently play its part. Key to this neglect is the tendency to deal with people with whom we share strong social ties. Trust however becomes a critical subject when one must deal with a third party or discredited brand. Using made-in-China brands in Ghana as a case study this paper discusses trust and the making of trust between Ghanaian distributors and consumers of made-in-China electronics to highlight how the taken-for-granted phenomenon of trust is “resurrected” in the distribution and consumption of made-in-China products because of the uncertainties involved in having to navigate the historical and normative complexities of the made in China brand. Also discussed is how the absence of trust is skillfully resolved by the distributor and consumer to enhance their various interest through trust-making measures. Whilst the distributors employ strategies such as engaging celebrities as brand ambassadors, sponsoring events/products and entering a partnership with established and strong goodwill brands. Similarly, the consumer adopts measures such as seeking enhanced product warranty and after-sales services. This paper combines various aspects of our ethnographic research on Africa- China over a period of ten years
African agency and the problem of sovereignty
No full textLost in debates over Africa\u27s agency in contemporary geopolitics is the question of whether the present represents a stark divergence from the past that it might empower or imperil African agency. Centering the question of agency in geopolitical terms blinds us to its normative basis in the principle of sovereignty and the juridical right to speak and act. If this geopolitical moment is unique it is only because this principle itself has come under sustained critique in the face of global poverty and climate change. This critique compels us to move beyond the negative sovereign obligation of non-intervention and to instead ask what, as a community of states, we owe each other. Thomas Pogge has powerfully shown how this negative duty of sovereignty produces a principled indifference to domestic affairs which belies our role in the maintenance and production of domestic poverty and human rights abuses. If we are to speak of African agency today then we must look beyond its material manifestation as an adroit weapon of the weak in geopolitical rivalry. We must instead recognise its normative and political nature too. Following Shapcott, I wish to argue not that we let historical guilt tempt us to a positive obligation to act to in the name of justice with its connotations of intervention and lost sovereignty; instead I argue that the present moment compels us to expand our negative duties to do no harm. In doing so I argue we will necessarily expand African agency
由“子”入經 : 從清華簡《繫年》重探《左傳》的源流與定位
Get PDF2008年7月，清華大學入藏一批戰國楚簡，其中有一篇文獻，整理者命名為《繫年》。《繫年》全篇共138支簡，分23章，共3875字。由於與傳世文獻，特別是《左傳》有不少可以互校互補的材料，《繫年》經整理後，在2011年以《清華大學藏戰國竹簡(貳)》整冊出版，即引起各界關注。十年以來，學者在文字釋讀、語料分析、史事考證、文獻比勘等方面取得了可觀的研究成果。在釐清文本細節與時代特徵後，《繫年》作為一種在年代與內容皆可以與《左傳》直接比擬的先秦史類文獻，對其文獻性質的釐訂，可以為探論《左傳》在漢魏經學化以前的源流與定位，提供一個嶄新而有效的參照角度。本文之撰，首先通過對讀《繫年》與《左傳》，從二者在敘述立場與撰作目的的差異，考訂《繫年》作為當時楚國貴族教本的文獻性質，並以此為基礎，從先秦王官之學到諸子之學的學術脈絡，重探《左傳》在歸入經部以前的學術源流與定位。
Xinian (String of Years) is the most notable excavated historical manuscript from the state of Chu. Since its publication by the renowned Tsinghua University (China) in 2008, most scholars have expended their efforts in character identification, linguistic analysis, historical reconstruction, and textual collation. The results are indeed impressive. After confirming the date of its composition and its content, a further step could be taken to compare it with the Zuozhuan, one of the fountainheads of Chinese historiography contemporaneous with Xinian. Such a comparison, this article argues, could help us understand the nature, the prehistory, and the early development of Zuozhuan. As such, by comparing the intentions and stances of the two narrative texts, this article infers that Xinian was a textbook designed for the nobles in the southern state of Chu. It was produced by court historians/archivists who selected and organized historical events to serve didactic purposes. In other words, Xinian was the product of official learning. After being absorbed into Zuozhuan, however, the materials there were used by intellectuals outside the court. Thus, Zuozhuan represented private learning at first. And it was eventually transformed into a classic after being absorbed into the official institutions at court in the Han-Wei period. In summary, this article offers a new understanding of the early development and shifting nature of Zuozhuan from the perspective Xinian
香港網絡文學淺探——以藍橘子《阿公講鬼》系列為例
Get PDF隨著網絡發達，網絡文學大行其道，成為文學發展的一大重心。網絡文學作為一種新興的文學類型，於現在的通俗文學界具十分大的影響力。在內地，網絡文學除了為市場帶來龐大經濟收益，也是研究的一大方向。相較之下，香港網絡文學不單研究不多，甚至連香港人也未必知道香港有自己的網絡文學。
本文嘗試整理香港網絡文學的形成及現況，以及探討其營運模式，梳理歷史，展現目前生態。本文也以藍橘子《阿公講鬼》為例子，以敘事風格和本土特色兩大角度探討作品特色，望能提供一較貼近香港網絡文學現況的研究，完善此方面之論述
讀者的療癒——《醫院》三部曲作為敍事治療
Get PDF韓松作為一個本職為記者的中國當代科幻作家，作品主要以現實問題為出發點，呈現出一個惡托邦式的未來世界，以此喚起讀者對於科技發展對人類未來影響的關注。而韓松的《醫院》三部曲：《醫院》、《驅魔》、《亡靈》講述了一個醫療科技發達的未來中人類的處境，當中病人的創傷以及痛苦，亦是當下人所面對的問題。故本文以醫療人文為切入點，研究《醫院》三部曲的文本本身如何以敘事治療的方式，令讀者得到療愈。
本文的第一章為緒論，簡要介紹韓松及《醫院》三部曲，以及研究背景。第二章分析《醫院》三部曲當中的疾病書寫以及惡托邦世界。第三章將探討作品當中針對疾病所提出的治療手段如何成為醫院鞏固自身的工具，從而令醫院成為一個絕望的世界，引起讀者的恐懼。第四章將承接上章有關恐懼的討論，分析《醫院》三部曲如何作為敘事治療，結合Nöel Carroll提出的「恐怖的哲學」，令讀者在閱讀過程中得到療愈