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A longitudinal study of Covid stressors and wellbeing outcomes : the role of global meaning violation, mindfulness, meaning making, and meaning made
No full textThis longitudinal study explores the hitherto untested role of global meaning violation (GMV) in the longitudinal wellbeing and distress outcomes during the pandemic. It also tests if mindfulness buffers the effect of Covid stress (CS) on GMV. Further, as implored by Park (2021), the potential for meaning making processes to help in longitudinal positive adaptation to CS via meanings made is explored. Using the meaning making model (Park, 2010) it is proposed that CS will be positively related to GMV and mindfulness will moderate this relationship. Further, GMV will predict wellbeing and distress longitudinally. GMV will also trigger the meaning making processes i.e., meaning making coping (MMC), an aspect of situational meaning making, and core beliefs re-examination (CBR), an aspect of global meaning making. Additionally, it is proposed that the meaning making processes will lead to wellbeing outcomes via meanings made i.e., MMC and CBR will positively predict wellbeing and negatively predict distress via posttraumatic growth (PTG), a situational meaning made, and footing in the world (FW), a global meaning made, respectively. This study employs a 3-wave longitudinal design and uses structural equational modelling (SEM) to test the proposed hypotheses. 344 local community participants (63.95% females) and age ranged from 25 to 55 years completed all three surveys. Findings indicated that Time 1 (T1) CS is positively related to T1 GMV. However, this relationship was not moderated by T1 mindfulness. Further, T1 GMV is positively related to T1 MMC and T1 CBR. T1 GMV did not predict Time 2 (T2) wellbeing nor T2 distress longitudinally. T1 MMC predicted T2 PTG but T1 CBR did not predict T2 FW. Further, T2 PTG predicted T3 wellbeing but not T3 distress. More importantly, T2 PTG mediates the indirect effect of T3 MMC on T3 wellbeing. Additionally, cross lagged model testing confirmed the causality of the longitudinal associations. This is one of the first studies during the pandemic to provide support to core assumptions of meaning making model and enrich the literature that traumatic events like Covid19 disrupts individuals’ global meaning and it is associated with wellbeing outcomes. Further, GMV also triggers the meaning making processes of meaning making coping and core beliefs re-examination. Moreover, this study adds to the literature that positive wellbeing outcomes of meaning making processes is mediated via meanings made by demonstrating that during Covid outbreaks, meaning making coping employing both cognitive and emotional processing of stressors to change the situational meaning of the stressors, helps in positive adaptation to Covid stress via posttraumatic growth. Findings suggest potential practical implications for interventions to improve wellbeing in the community during the pandemic
Can investor communications discipline corporate misconduct? Evidence from a field experiment
Get PDFCorporate misconduct encompasses deceptive or fraudulent activities carried out by company members. Such misconduct can distort the accuracy of firm valuations and mislead investors. Researchers and regulators have worked diligently to understand the factors driving corporate misconduct and devise strategies to reduce its prevalence. However, causal evidence remains limited. In this study, we conduct a field experiment to address this issue and investigate potential methods for mitigating corporate misconduct. Recent studies have emphasized the role of investor communications in governance, as they improve transparency and decrease information asymmetry between managers and investors. This study investigates the disciplinary power of two channels of investor communication: investor relations (IR) and social media platforms. Specifically, we investigate whether accusations made through IR and social media, or the interaction between them, can help curb firms’ earnings management, a notable aspect of corporate misconduct.
To answer the research question, we focus on firms with discretionary accruals in the top one-third (i.e., a high level of earnings management or corporate misconduct) among publicly listed firms in the US market. We accuse high earnings management by sending emails to the firms\u27 Investor Relations (IR) departments and posting on social media. Specifically, we randomly divide firms with high earnings management into five groups. The first (T1) and second (T2) groups receive standalone email and social media accusations, respectively. The third group (T3) receives both accusations simultaneously. The fourth group (T4) is identical to the third group, except that we also include a statement in the email informing the firms about the social media accusation. The final group (C) receives no message, serving as the control group.
We find that, compared to the control firms, firms receiving the treatment of email accusations experience a significant decline in earnings management in the post-treatment period. We find no significant treatment effect for the social media accusation. Interestingly, however, we find that additionally informing the firms about the social media accusation enhances the treatment effect of email accusations. The results suggest that private accusations could be more effective than public accusations of corporate misconduct, as firms might overlook the latter or be unable to effectively integrate public opinion. The treatment effects remain robust across various specifications and are stronger in firms with a better-functioning investor relations (IR) system. Furthermore, we find that treatment effects increase with firms\u27 financial distress and managers\u27 career concerns. Overall, we identify a new factor that has a causal effect on firms\u27 earnings management and suggests that disciplining firms through private channels is important
程炎震生平及其校證《世説新語》的成績
Get PDF程炎震是近代研究《世説新語》的重要學者，但是至今對他的生平知之甚少。本文從國家圖書館發掘出程炎震的詩集和好友寫的傳記，據此梳理程炎震的一生。程炎震的《世説新語》手批本保存在國家圖書館，通過對該手批本的研究，可知他廣采《世説》衆本和各種相關文獻作校勘，訂正文字，致力於考證年代，辨别事件虚實，有助于讀者貼切理解文意，有時還能發現劉孝標注具有“隱糾其謬”的用意。他的校證成果對近現代研究者産生了重要的影響。
Cheng Yanzhen 程炎震 was an important yet little-known scholar of A New Account of Tales of the World in modem times. This article explores Cheng’s life through his poetry and his biography authored by his friends, re-discovered in the National Library. Through studying Cheng’s annotations of A New Account of Tales of the World kept in the National Library, this article shows that Cheng consulted various versions of A New Account of Tales of the World and relevant documents for collation, correcting characters, dating events, and telling true stories from false tales. Cheng’s works should help readers understand the precise meanings of the passages in A New Account of Tales of the World and discern Liu Xiaobiao’s intention of yinjiuqimiu 隱糾其謬 (tacit correction of falsehoods) in his annotation
長者健康理財素養全攻略 : 智齡篇
Get PDF此書冊為一本供長者自學使用的參考書，內容涵蓋健康理財規劃單元的教學內容，從知識及行為入手解構健康管理基本知識、 健康財務規劃及預防勝於治療的要點。https://commons.ln.edu.hk/lujchfep/1005/thumbnail.jp
Exploring happiness : the life course study of older Shanghainese women in Shanghai and Hong Kong
Get PDFThe main concern of this study is to investigate the effect of life course experience on the level of happiness among older women. To assess various independent variables of happiness. The paper analyzed the heterogeneous effect of older people\u27s happiness through the SIT and SET theories from the Life Course Model. The importance of life course narration also concerns their backgrounds and personal experiences. Regarding the applied method, this research elected comparative studies and narrative analysis for fieldwork. The author collected primary data to assess the effects of happiness by two surveys, including 1000 women, to test the tandem studies of Study One (Shanghai cohort) and Study Two (Hong Kong cohort): 500/study. For data analysis, the research adopted a comparative, cross-sectional design with a random sampling method and used them for logistic regression.
The realization of perceived stress and self-assessment tools are also crucial for happiness assessment. Because the data encapsulated information on various socio-economic and health aspects of individuals among Shanghainese women aged 50+ from two modern cities, their narratives captured the nuance of women\u27s development and background characteristics.
The research finding of this study can conclude as follow. Firstly, women from Study 1 are more apprehensive of family matters such as spouse quality than pathological influences such as illness. Secondly, women from Study 2 indicate different stress factors of social environment are significant to happiness. Thirdly, the data analysis discloses that older women from cross-cultural backgrounds are generally happier than those who are not. Fourthly, the study provides new evidence to explore the relationship between life partners (spouse quality) that can benefit women\u27s wellness. Whereas the rising senior population, women with health issues or physical limitations can cause difficulties in traveling, limiting their happiness and autonomy to visit friends and family.
The significance suggests that spouse and partner dependency is essential to older people\u27s mental, physical, and spiritual wellness. Because their daily activities\u27 measurement is by their bodily autonomy to quality of life, thus recommending quality enhancement with assistive technology to counter the environment is designed where health and dignity gauge the age of the elderly. Moreover, addressing the challenges of aging and health inequality is an arduous process, but it is also necessary. Therefore, failure to take measures on assistive living may result in unfavorable outcomes for the aging population and affect the socio-economic benefits
Social networks, access to healthcare, and the health-related quality of life of young informal workers in Nigeria’s construction industry
No full textYoung informal workers in Nigeria face a significant decline in their health-related quality of life (HRQoL) due to their lack of control over their employment conditions. This problem is particularly pronounced among young informal workers in the construction industry, given its precarious and hazardous nature. To enhance HRQoL, these workers primarily rely on their social networks for support. However, given the level of hazards they encounter in the construction industry, social networks alone may not be sufficient to directly improve their HRQoL. Nevertheless, social networks can facilitate access to healthcare, which in turn may enhance HRQoL. Unfortunately, limited research has explored the relationship between social networks, access to healthcare, and HRQoL among young informal construction workers. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate whether and how access to healthcare can mediate the relationship between social networks and HRQoL among young informal construction workers in Nigeria, based on the social networks and health model by Berkman and Glass.
This study adopted a mixed methods approach, including a cross-sectional survey of 686 young informal construction workers aged 18 to 35, to examine the mediating role of healthcare access between social networks and HRQoL. Additionally, the study aimed to explore the age and gender dimensions of HRQoL among young informal construction workers. The HRQoL of the participants was measured using the short-form 12-item HRQoL scale version 2 (SF- 12v2). Furthermore, 32 in-depth interviews were conducted to gain a deeper understanding of these relationships. The sample was drawn from two local government areas, namely Abuja municipal area council (AMAC) and Bwari area council, in the federal capital territory (FCT) of Nigeria.
The study identified three domains of healthcare access (i.e., affordability, acceptability, and availability) that mediated the relationship between social networks and HRQoL. These findings were novel in terms of highlighting the distinctive role of demand-side and supply-side dimensions of healthcare access. Specifically, demand-side factors such as healthcare affordability and acceptability explained the association between social networks and mental health, while healthcare availability mediated the relationship between social networks and physical health. These findings were supported and further elucidated by the qualitative investigations.
Regarding the relationship between social networks and HRQoL, social networks exhibited a positive impact on mental health but no significant effect on physical health. Although the physical and mental HRQoL scores were slightly above average, a substantial portion of the sample (25%) scored below average, indicating poor physical and mental HRQoL. The qualitative study substantiated this finding by demonstrating how job demands and organizational factors influenced the poor HRQoL experienced by many young informal construction workers. Additionally, the qualitative study revealed gender inequalities in HRQoL among young informal construction workers in Nigeria. For instance, more females than males reported concerns related to anxiety and sadness, while more males than females reported physical health-related concerns due to varying gender roles at construction sites.
This study emphasizes the role of healthcare access as a mediator in the relationship between social networks and health-related quality of life. It contributes to the discourse on public health and social policy by arguing that while policies are consistently recommended to enhance the health of young individuals, healthcare policies targeting the informal sector should be adequately resourced and strengthened to serve as a critical tool for improving the health of this vulnerable group of young Nigerians. Furthermore, the promotion of social networks is crucial in addressing the health-related challenges faced by young informal workers
Women migrant workers and their transition across state boundaries : labour exporting policies of Bangladesh and the reality
Get PDFWomen’s labor migration from Bangladesh gained traction in 2013. According to the Bureau of Manpower, Employment, and Training, a total of 2,91,098 Bangladeshi women moved for employment between 2015 and 2019. However, the most difficult challenge Bangladesh has is the repatriation of the majority of them from Middle Eastern nations owing to violence at the destination, which includes overwork, forced imprisonment, non-payment of salaries, malnutrition, and emotional, physical, and sexual assault. The death toll is also rising, expressing concern about migration policy. As a result, the study seeks to determine the extent to which the structure of Bangladesh’s female labor exporting policy has the ability to safeguard such women in destination countries. This qualitative study seeks answers by conducting a careful content analysis of accessible secondary data and policy papers on the breadth and limitations of Bangladesh’s women’s labor exporting laws
Envisioning the invisibles : an examination of causes and challenges of homelessness in Hong Kong
No full textThe situation of homeless people in Hong Kong has not been examined in detail Using the largest territory wide survey of the Homeless in Hong Kong, the \u27Homeless Outreach Population Estimation Hong Kong 2015\u27 and the \u27Hong Kong Homeless Census 2021\u27 the demographic background, causes of homelessness and mental health status of homeless people are investigated The results highlight that structural factors such as housing and employment are crucial in causing homelessness The COVID 19 pandemic demonstrates a further impact on the homeless population Moreover, logistic regressions were used to investigate the association between mental health and other key factors, including demographic background, economic indicators, COVID 19 worries, government measures, and respect by others The determinants of anxiety and depression of homeless people in Hong Kong are examined It urges the government to implement progressive housing policies and homeless friendly policies and increase homeless outreach and health service resource
元十行本注疏今存印本略說
Get PDF元十行本注疏今存印本頗為豐富，除數部元刻明修《十三經注疏》匯印本外，主要以單經流傳，各本補版印刷時間不一，不同傳本之間多有差異。本文搜羅網絡發佈的元十行本注疏全文影像及已出版影印本、書志、圖錄等資料，以經為單位，列舉元十行本各經不同時期代表性印本，梳理其版面特徵與印次關係，以供讀者選擇利用，並為圖書館編目工作之參考。
There are many existing printed copies of the Yuan dynasty Ten-Line Edition of Confucian classics in the world. Only a few Ming dynasty Revision of the Yuan dynasty Ten-Line Edition of the Shisanjingzhushu were printed and distributed in sets, most printed copies were distributed individually. There are differences between the various printed copies depending on the date when they were printed. This article compares the different images and records of the Yuan dynasty Ten-Line Edition of Confucian Classics and lists representative printed copies of each Confucian Classic from different periods, discussing their version characteristics and the relationship between them. Through this work, readers can make better use of different printed copies, and libraries can also catalog them more accurately
論《西遊記》中三女性人物形象之意義及主題呼應
Get PDF明代章回小說《西遊記》取材於唐朝僧人玄奘前往天竺取經之事，經過多朝流傳和創作，為其取經道途增添了不少神秘色彩。及至明代成書時增入不少女性角色，其中包括鐵扇公主、白骨精和觀音菩薩等。這些女性角色不僅是故事情節的推動者，更在不同角度上對小說的發展產生了深遠的影響，體現出對於女性多面性的看法和反思。
本研究旨在探討這三個女性角色的形象特色及其對《西遊記》的發展在小說敘述手法、佛教、道教及社會文化角度的意義，進而分析三個女性角色的形象和《西遊記》四大主題的呼應關係，如何令小說整體更豐富多樣。
本文分六章，第一章為緒論，討論研究背景、目的和方法；第二章概述《西遊記》的四大主題；第三章到第五章分別討論鐵扇公主、白骨精和觀音菩薩的形象特色、形象意義探討和與四大主題呼應的關係；最後第六章總結全文內容並重申觀點