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這，不是一個愛情故事
Get PDF香港在歷史上曾經歷了多次大規模移民潮，這反映了社會和政治環境的變遷，以及人們對未來的憂慮和不安，包括：1945年香港重光後、1967年六七暴動後、1997年香港主權移交前等。近些年來，尤其是2019年「反修例運動」和2020年《港區國安法》實施後，促使許多香港人對未來的預期、對家庭的考量以及對個人身份和歸屬感重新思考，推動了新一輪的移民潮，又以台灣和英國為港人主要的移民地。
本研究旨在探討移民決策背後的複雜考量，包括生活成本、就業前景和語言障礙等，並反映出個人在面對未來選擇時的孤獨、挑戰和成長。小說以「我」與朋友聚會的閒談為主軸，藉由與朋友的對話，帶出「我」作為香港人與台灣男生的戀愛故事，呈現對台灣生活的真實感受以及兩地文化的差異與碰撞。故事將聚焦於「我」面臨移民抉擇時所遭遇的外在和內在衝突，以及這些因素如何影響其生活和人際關係。透過角色的經歷和成長，探索和呈現各種主題，如身份認同、文化碰撞、人際關係等，以期引發讀者的深思
同一個宇宙
Get PDF創作內容為兩個故事，兩個主人公都源自大三寫過的文章。
故事一主人公又生面臨多重壓力，父母讓他買房、公司對員工的苛刻，他會停下追逐的腳步嗎？他又能否找到自己的目標？
故事二主人公牙瑛是屬性為菇的孩子，離鄉別井，在異鄉求學，起初隱忍而後反擊。
這些都是日常生活的實事，日子苦巴巴，我決心刨個快樂的捷徑。文字，請你給我們提前或延遲的圓滿吧
剪牛雜的聲音
Get PDF我們懷舊，是因為恐懼未來的變遷嗎？
此心安處是吾鄉。有時在外多玩幾天，總會不期然懷念起在街邊大排檔吃的牛雜麵——無法取代的「Comfort Food」。我們沉醉於探索外面的花花世界，也是時候回到最熟悉的Comfort Zone。
但無人能保證Comfort 是永恆的，那麼我們應該努力留住它，還是讓新的事物成為自己新的舒適圈？對舊文化的眷戀，就組成了〈剪牛雜的聲音〉。在這座城市裏、在人們的心目中，舊有的、平民的熟食小販文化，在代表着甚麼？但願在每日都要換新裝的時代，這個故事可以成為留住過去的記錄
The impact of social-structural factors on the health of migrating older people in China : testing the buffering effect of social capital and social integration
Get PDFWhile older adult migration in China has received significant attention, the related health research and the pivotal role of social relations have been underexplored. This study, grounded in the theory of the relationship between social capital and health, as well as the social integration theory of migration, examines the associations between social relations and health inequalities under the social structure of Chinese society including socio-economic status, hukou and urban/rural residence.
Methodology: Using data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) 2018 survey, three health outcomes are physical function, cognitive function, and mental health. The sample consists of 3,137 migrating seniors (aged 60 and above without local hukou), with an average age of 68.71 (SD=6.54). Multiple linear regression and moderation models were developed to examine the associations between income, hukou, and residence on health, and the moderating roles of social capital and social integration.
Results: Health inequalities based on structural factors varied across physical function, cognitive function, and mental health. Higher income and urban residence were associated with better outcomes in all three health domains, while hukou was associated with cognitive function only. Social capital exhibited category-specific variances in relation to health disparities. Bonding social capital buffered all three health inequalities associated with structural factors. Bridging social capital buffered only mental health disparities, while linking social capital buffered only physical function inequalities. Social integration only buffered disparities in physical function related to structural factors, but behavioral integration somewhat exacerbated inequalities in physical function between urban and rural areas.
Conclusion: This study explored the association between structural factors, social capital and social integration, and provide some new empirical evidence in Chinese older migrants. It extended the study of health inequalities from traditional comparisons across groups (e.g., migrant vs. local) to comparisons within the same group (e.g., among migrating seniors) as well as conducted a comprehensive examination of China\u27s social structures (SES, hukou, residence), and the connections between them. Furthermore, this study examined the buffering effect of social capital on health inequalities and the differences between the different types and enriched definition and measurement of social capital in the Chinese context. For policy implication, this study could help to understand which specific social structural factors affect the health of migrating seniors, identify subgroups at high health risk, and develop more precise policies from a social capital perspective
Risk and protective factors for traditional bullying and cyberbullying victimization among adolescents : a multilevel cross-national study
Get PDFBackground: Research has widely documented the risk factors for violent and property victimisation. Besides, research has predominantly examined the moderating role of social support in the associations of risky lifestyles and socioeconomic inequalities with violent and property victimisation. However, little is known about how adolescent risky lifestyle behaviours (i.e., alcohol use, traditional bullying perpetration and physical fighting) relate to traditional bullying and cyberbullying victimisation, and the moderating role of perceived family, peer and teacher social support in these relationships. Moreover, the influence of income and gender inequalities on cyberbullying and traditional bullying victimization, and whether public education expenditure moderates such relationships remain unclear.
Aim and objectives of the study: To address these gaps, this study adapted the microand macro-systems of the social-ecological model to examine the influence of risky lifestyle behaviours, income and gender inequalities on cyberbullying and traditional bullying victimisation, and the moderating role of social support in these relationships.
Methods: Country-Level data (i.e., education expenditure, income and gender inequalities) were combined with data (i.e., alcohol use, traditional bullying perpetration, physical fighting, peer, family and teacher social support) from 158,117 and 162,792 adolescents aged 11, 13 and 15 years in the 2014 and 2018 Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) surveys in 27 European countries. Multilevel risk and protective factors for bullying victimisation were examined using multilevel binary logistic regression analyses.
Findings: Traditional bullying perpetration, alcohol use, physical fighting, income and gender inequalities consistently predicted traditional bullying and cyberbullying victimisation across countries. Family, peer and teacher social support moderated the association of alcohol use, physical fighting and traditional bullying perpetration with traditional bullying and cyberbullying victimisation. Education expenditure attenuated the association of income and gender inequalities with traditional bullying victimisation. While education expenditure moderated the association of income and gender inequalities with cyberbullying victimisation in the 2018 HBSC wave, education expenditure strengthened the association of income and gender inequalities with cyberbullying victimisation in the 2014 HBSC wave.
Discussion and conclusion: Higher rates of bullying victimisation are associated with greater rates of bullying perpetration, physical fighting, alcohol use, income and gender inequalities, implying that policy interventions (e.g., interventions to reduce social inequalities and prevent adolescent risky behaviours) that target multilevel risk factors for bullying victimisation could effectively reduce adolescent bullying in 27 countries. Peer, family and teacher social support offers substantial protection for adolescents against risky behaviours and bullying victimisation, signifying that peer-, family- and school-based prevention and intervention programmes may be effective to protect adolescents from engaging in risky lifestyles and reduce the risks of victimisation. Moreover, the findings demonstrate that education expenditure is an important macro-level protective factor for bullying victimisation, implying that huge education expenditure could support interventions to address social inequalities that predispose individuals to victimisation. The findings suggest that the overall multilevel theoretical model is relevant to provide an explanation of multilevel risk and protective factors for bullying victimisation, signifying that applying the social-ecological framework in developing interventions would substantially help in reducing bullying victimisation and would be more likely to improve adolescents’ well-being
Aesthetic cognitivism : acquiring propositional knowledge from fiction
Get PDFThis thesis focuses on aesthetic cognitivism, especially the cognitive value of fiction. I mainly discuss two topics. One is whether we can learn from art, and the other is what the learning conditions are under different circumstances. I focus on acquiring propositional knowledge from fiction. My goal is to establish that the cognitive value of fiction is to a certain extent unsafe, although there might be strategies we can take to reduce such unsafeness. Yet, we should not blindly hold an optimistic attitude towards the cognitive value of fiction until more empirical evidence gives us reasons to. I distinguish between two main methods of acquiring propositional knowledge from fiction, inference and testimony. I argue that inference while being a common means of learning from fiction, is not a reliable method to acquire new knowledge after all. In comparison, through testimony, readers who meet the learning condition can have safer pathways to knowledge. The conclusion I shall come to is that although neither acquiring propositional knowledge from inference nor testimony is a safe learning method on its own, when certain epistemic conditions are met, whose presence is either realized or unrealized by the audience, such learning would still be possible, and for this reason, we should be especially vigilant when we approach fiction as a cognitive source
“義法”原委考 : 一個古文概念工具的“時間層”
Get PDF“義法”是清代學者方苞提出的一個古文概念，詞源見於先秦子書、《史記》以及漢代以降有關《春秋》書法、義例的討論，其意義源則是宋元明以來的文章法度之學。清初方苞激活“義法”一詞，賦予其表微、紀事、辨體等多層含義，使之區别於文法“意義群”中的其他親緣詞，實可謂“有爲而作”。康熙末《南山集》案的刺激，使方苞致力於索解司馬遷的盛世心曲，通過《史記》義法的闡釋，試探政治高壓下的隱微表達機制；同時代史學單向度的徵實風尚，更激發方苞在紀事義法中凸顯主觀真實。在方苞身後，桐城後學試圖以“聲氣”超越“義法”，將“義法”理解爲桐城古文結構中一個較粗的環節。古文圈外對於“義法”的理解則更趨寬泛。“義法”概念不斷衍變，多個“時間層”重疊層累，既有在無意識間沿襲前代文法之學的“古層”，又有在政、學具體語境中强烈波動的“表層”。
Yifa (substantive technique) is a literary critical concept proposed by the Qing scholar Fang Bao (1668 - 1749). The origins of this term can be traced back to pre-Qin philosophical texts, the Shiji (Historical Records), and Han dynasty discussions of the Chunqiu (Spring and Autumn Annals); the significance of the term, however, draws on and reacts against the standards of literary composition characteristic of the Song, Yuan, and Ming dynasties. These standards constitute a “meaning cluster”, against which Fang Bao distinguished substantive technique as a conceptual apparatus with which to confront the elite culture, scholastic paradigms, and literary style of his era. Fang Bao’s successors in the Tongcheng lineage used the discourse of sound and vital force (shengqi) to transcend substantive technique, which they relegated to a relatively basic status within the Tongcheng classical prose system. The understanding of substantive technique outside of classical prose circles subsequently broadened significantly, as early modern educators and translators went so far as to include all narrative techniques, old and new, Chinese and Western, under its rubric. Among the multiple layers of Fang Bao’s conceptual apparatus, we find a deep sediment constituted through unconscious adaptation of the literary techniques of earlier generations, as well as a forcefully dynamic layer that appears in response to specific political and scholarly contexts
The lived experiences of poverty among particularly vulnerable tribal groups in a rights-based anti-poverty programme in Jharkhand India
No full textThis research explores poverty and social exclusion among Primitive Tribal Groups (PVTGs) in India using T. H. Marshall\u27s concept of social citizenship. With evidence showing a disproportionate burden of poverty in the Global South, indigenous groups are even overrepresented among the poor. India, home to one of the largest Indigenous populations, accounts for 70% of South Asia\u27s impoverished, but the specific nature of poverty within these communities remain poorly understood.
Over the past two decades, India\u27s national response to poverty has shifted towards rights-based, inclusive policies targeting marginalised communities such as Dalits, Scheduled Castes, and Scheduled Tribes, historically subjected to discrimination. An example is the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme (MGNREGS), which guarantees 100 days of employment annually. Despite these initiatives, the specific experiences of poverty among these groups within such programmes, predicated on citizen rights, remain underexplored. This study addresses this gap by analysing the experiences of poverty and social exclusion among Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTGs) participating in MGNREGS, aiming to deepen understanding and inform policy responses to poverty among Indigenous populations like PVTGs.
This investigation employed phenomenology and an interpretive case study design. Data were gathered through in-depth semi-structured interviews with 46 PVTGs and 6 program officers, alongside non-participant observation of MGNREGS implementation. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and thematically analysed in NVivo 12 using flexible pattern matching. The coding framework was informed by key literature and theoretical concepts from social citizenship and the Global Multidimensional Poverty Index, which encompasses indicators on both material and non-material dimensions of poverty, including themes like exploitation, work insecurity, and service access.
The findings indicate that the poverty experienced by PVTGs is profoundly rooted in political structures that restrict their access to rights and entitlements, thereby impeding their ability to advocate for these rights. Participants reported extreme material deprivation, including near starvation, and a lack of sustainable livelihoods, despite the assurances provided by MGNREGS. These material challenges were exacerbated by relational dynamics of domination and exploitation, intensified by policies such as the Scheduled Tribes and Other Traditional Forest Dwellers (Recognition of Forest Rights) Act, 2006, which disrupt traditional livelihoods. Consistent with recent studies (Walker, 2014; Pellissery and Mathew, 2014; Sambo, 2018), findings revealed heightened experiences of stigma, shame, and indignity due to unmet personal and social expectations, leading to self-isolation and acute helplessness. Guarantees to work were also disrupted by powerful middlemen exploiting PVTGs through corruption. Additionally, spatial exclusion significantly contributed to their exclusion from resource-sharing networks.
The study argues that experiences of spatial exclusion faced by PVTGs exacerbate their poverty and contribute to further social exclusion. It highlights a cyclical relationship between social exclusion and poverty, thereby revealing the inadequacy of rights-based anti-poverty programmes in facilitating genuine citizenship for these communities. By examining the complexities of poverty and social exclusion that undermine the citizenship rights of Indigenous groups, this research provides critical insights into the multidimensional nature of poverty, particularly its non-material dimensions as identified in the Global Multidimensional Poverty Index, which are often regarded as ‘missing dimensions.