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從《色，戒》到《色｜戒》
Full text link本研究旨在探討李安《色｜戒》對張愛玲《色，戒》的吸收與轉化以及文學與改編電影的互文性，從而分析當中主題的繼承與突破，淺析並比較《色｜戒》與《色，戒》異同，從兩性互動與女性情慾探討文本與電影進行對話的可能性，望能藉此找到從《色｜戒》到《色，戒》的藝術表現形式及敍事呈現方式的定位和於不同層次上之意義及其主題的展現。
本文共分為五個章節，第一章為緒論，討論研究背景、目的和方法；第二章討論張愛玲《色，戒》與李安《色｜戒》之多義性；第三章至第四章分別比較《色，戒》與《色｜戒》兩性互動關係之隱喻、女性情慾的分析，概述《色，戒》及《色｜戒》題目呼應的關係；最後第五章進行總結，收束全文
莊周夢蝶
Full text link〈莊周夢蝶〉以大量的內心獨白，描寫出一個內心壓抑着激烈情感的青年，在對現實世界感到絕望後，轉而投向幻想世界，最終為去往那個理想中的世界而死的故事。在這個不愁吃穿，卻彷彿誰都不能脫穎而出、名留青史的城市，許多人或會失去生命的意義，對自己存在的價值產生質疑，但人生是否真的需要活成英雄才算得上有意義
夏之春
Full text link遠離了城市喧囂的離島上，我和島上的夥伴們每天過著悠閒平和的日子。
偶爾去老奶奶開的粗點心店一起吃零食，偶爾和喜歡釣魚的老爺爺一起到海岸邊釣魚，偶爾到其他人的家裏打發時間。
平凡且無憂無慮的生活一天天地過去，夥伴中年紀最小的我，也以為這樣的日子能夠一直繼續下去。
但隨著男孩女孩們逐漸成為少年少女，朦朧的心意開始浮出水面，沒有得到眷顧的少女滿懷著愁緒卻仍與我們如往常般那樣相處。
直到父親成為了殺害夥伴的兇手時，我才隱約意識到有什麼發生在我們之中了。
我的生活因此發生了翻天覆地的變化，但我卻依然留在那個離開島上的夏天。
多年之後，當年的真相終於擺在我的面前，我作出的選擇，是否能讓我走出那個夏日
Responding to skepticism : from transcendental arguments to hinge epistemology
Full text linkThe problem of external world skepticism is typically understood as a paradox. It consists of three intuitive claims, which are incompatible if put together. The three claims are: (I) If we do not know that we are not in a skeptical scenario, then we do not know almost all ordinary perceptual propositions. (II) We do not know that we are not in a skeptical scenario. (III) We know almost all ordinary perceptual propositions.
In this thesis, I examine two responses to the skeptical paradox: transcendental arguments and hinge epistemology.
There are two types of transcendental arguments: ambitious transcendental arguments and modest transcendental arguments. In order to solve the skeptical paradox, ambitious transcendental arguments aim to reject (II). Following Stroud, I think ambitious transcendental arguments fail. Unlike ambitious transcendental arguments, modest transcendental arguments don’t attempt to reject (II). In Chapter 1, I will focus on a paradigmatic example of modest transcendental arguments, i.e., Stroud’s Davidsonian argument. Relying on a Davidsonian claim, Stroud aims to show that we cannot consider or entertain skeptical scenarios. As I shall argue, Stroud’s Davidsonian argument, if sound, can show that we cannot find ourselves confronted with the skeptical paradox. Nonetheless, I will argue that since there is no sufficient reason to think the Davidsonian claim is true, Stroud’s Davidsonian argument ultimately fails.
Hinge epistemology is a family of views inspired by a Wittgensteinian claim. I will examine three prominent versions of hinge epistemology from Wright, Coliva, and Pritchard. All three versions attempt to solve the skeptical paradox by rejecting (I).
Both Wright and Coliva argue that we have non-evidential epistemic justification to commit to hinge propositions. I will assume hinge propositions are propositions expressing that one is not in skeptical scenarios. Wright’s argument is widely thought to fail, mainly because it relies on a version of epistemic consequentialism, which is subject to the so-called “Truth Fairy” objection. I will pay more attention to Coliva’s argument. In Chapter 2, I will argue that Coliva’s argument for there being non-evidential epistemic justification to commit to hinge propositions fails. I will argue further that Coliva faces a dilemma: she either fails to show there being non-evidential epistemic justification to commit to hinge propositions or faces a variant of the Truth Fairy objection.
Pritchard argues that our commitment to hinge propositions is not knowledge-apt belief and not the result of a rational process; therefore, the epistemic closure principle is not applicable to hinge propositions. So, Pritchard argues that we can reject (I) while maintaining the epistemic closure principle. In Chapter 3, I will argue that Pritchard’s argument that our commitment to hinge propositions is not knowledge-apt belief fails. I will argue further that even if Pritchard successfully shows that our commitment to hinge propositions is not knowledge-apt belief, he still fails to show that the epistemic closure principle is not applicable to hinge propositions, so he fails to solve the skeptical paradox
清代雍乾時期書院的思想鉗制功用
Full text link清代書院的數量爲歷代之最，然而在高壓文化政策背景下，世宗、高宗兩代帝王發展書院教育的主要目的其實是將書院改變爲官辦性質，從而使其成爲朝廷鉗制文士思想、監控其言行的平台和工具，目的是以愚民化的方法來增强君主專制權力。兩代帝王先後通過增加提督學政的監察權，提高山長束脩及生員膏火銀，嚴格月課考核，改科舉策論文爲試帖詩，提倡程式化的八股文寫作，廣泛而深入地宣講《聖諭廣訓》等方式，實現對廣大士子思想的鉗制與禁錮。就其實質而論，乃建州落後的奴隸制宗法體系之金字塔式的主奴關係爲其根本，假借儒家倫理觀念爲其外衣，形成社會思想控制的嚴密體系，爲居於頂端之皇權服務。這一系列的措施雖獲得了王朝的一時穩定，但是極大地損害士風和學風，爲晚清的貧弱狀況埋下了禍根，也嚴重地阻止了中國社會近代化的進程。
During the Yongzheng and Qianlong reigns of the Qing Dynasty, the number of academies reached an unprecedented level. However, within the context of stringent cultural policies, the primary objective of these emperors was to transform these academies into state-run institutions, thereby turning them into tools for the imperial court to control the thoughts and monitor the behaviors of scholars. This strategy aimed to strengthen monarchical absolutism through the method of keeping the populace unenlightened. The measures implemented included increasing the supervisory powers of the educational commissioners, raising the financial support for academy heads and students, instituting rigorous monthly academic assessments, transforming the content of the civil service examinations from discursive essays to poetry, promoting the formulaic style of the eight-legged essay, and extensively propagating the Sacred Edicts and Amplified Instructions. These actions effectively shackled and confined the intellect of the scholarly community. Essentially, these strategies were rooted in the hierarchical master-slave relations inherent to the backward feudal clan system of the Jurchens, cloaked under the guise of Confucian ethical norms, thereby creating a tight-knit system of social thought control serving the emperor at the apex of power. Although these policies temporarily stabilized the dynasty, they significantly damaged the scholarly ethos and academic integrity, sowed the seeds of the Qing Dynasty\u27s later weakness, and severely hindered the modernization process of Chinese society
An emerging war? Reviewing the security triangulation between the Philippines, China and the United States over the South China Sea dispute
Full text linkWhat factors explain the increasingly confrontational posture between Beijing and Manila since 2022? To what extent will the geopolitical tension transcend into a great-power hot war? This study aims to address these questions through a suggested framework involving the lens of structural, misperception and domestic theories to account for the factors contributing to the spiral of crisis. While security assessments of involved states are analysed on a case-by-case basis, the research findings suggest that the ongoing spiral of crisis largely adheres to the logic of security dilemma substantiated by structural and domestic factors. Offering a timely analysis regarding Manila\u27s repivot to Washington and its incorporation within a rising multilateral security architecture, this research also offers insights in depicting the implications of increased deterrence against China\u27s maritime grey-zone coercion
文德 : 中國文論尚德精神的理論基石
Full text link“文德”是中國文論之作家論的基點，貫穿數千年中國文論史，形成了尚德的中國文學傳统。“文人”在社會治理與文明傳承中擔任著重要的任務，因此對“文人”的道德品質有嚴格的要求，而文藝創作天然地崇尚超越規矩、擺脱束縛的精神自由，二者之間構成内在的衛突，於是衍生出“文人無行”的命題。傳统文學批評從正面强調“文德”，德爲主，文爲輔，主次鮮明。面對不同的社會文化現狀，基於不同的思想立場，對“文德”的理解不盡相同。或提倡士先器識而後文藝，或强調士人“不俗”的品格，或主張“性情之正”，以理正情，對情感的抒泄加以疏導和匡正。至明清時期標尚“志士”之詩文，心憂天下，關懷民瘼，個人情懷緊緊聯繫著社會苦難和時代劇變，傳统的“文德”論的内涵因時因地而發展變化，當前中國文論應該有新時代的“文德”論。
Literary Virtue is the basic point of the writer’s theory in Chinese literary theory. It runs through the history of Chinese literary theory for thousands of years and forms a Chinese literary tradition that advocates virtue. Literati played an important role in social governance and civilization inheritance. Therefore, there are particularly strict requirements for the moral quality of literati. Literary and artistic creation naturally advocates spiritual freedom that transcends rules and gets rid of constraints. The two constitute an inner conflict gave rise to the proposition that “literati lack morals”. Traditional literary criticism emphasizes Literary Virtue from the front, with morality as the main priority and literature as a supplement, with clear priorities. In the face of different social and cultural status quo, and based on different ideological positions, the understanding of Literary Virtue is different. Some advocate scholars to put capacity and insight first and the literary arts second, or emphasize the “not be vulgar” character of literati, or advocate “rectifying inner nature and emotions” to rationalize and correct emotions, and to channel and correct the expression of emotions. In the Ming and Qing dynasties, poems and essays concerned about the world and caring for the people by men of ambition were admired. Their personal feelings were closely related to social suffering and the drastic changes of the times. The connotation of traditional Literary Virtue theory developed and changed with time and place. Contemporary Chinese literary theory should have a new era of Literary Virtue theory
Regulating private education in China : the case of school closure for private non-national curriculum schools since 2021
No full textThe government has promulgated several policies and regulations on private education after reform and opening up. With the development, private schools occupy a large proportion in all levels (elementary, university, etc.), especially in elementary(G1-12). Private elementary education has played a role in enriching educational products. In 2021, there was an outbreak of school closure compared with the past 4 decades, of private elementary schools. License is the main administration tool to control private schools. If licensing is seriously affected by policies, school operation would be greatly affected. Why some schools are closed, while others were able to maintain operation? To answer the above research question, the research: 1. interviewed the practitioners of private schools(programs) and studied cases of private schools(programs); 2. reviewed the regulations of private education since the reform and opening up by adopting Multiple Streams Analysis Framework; 3. analyzed the policy implementation deviation using the bottom-up policy study approach. The research discovered that Double Reduction Policy and Implementation Regulations on the Private Education Promotion Law are the direct cause. While some schools with low quality or not in line with national interest, the implementation deviation of Double Reduction Policy caused some schools with good quality closed. This research proposes the policy bottleneck of the development of private elementary schools in China and the policy correction suggestions
A study on implementation gaps in age-friendly renovation policies : a case study in Guangzhou
No full textAs the global population ages rapidly, addressing the increasing needs of elderly citizens has become a pressing concern. To respond to the aging problem, China has recently seen a surge in age-friendly renovation policies. However, there is a significant gap between policy execution and policy objectives, with local implementation facing substantial challenges. This study focuses on investigating the implementation of age-friendly renovation policies in Guangzhou, a city facing significant challenges in this regard. The central aim of this thesis is to identify: why have age-friendly renovation policies failed to meet policy expectations at the implementation level, and what are the underlying reasons?
The analytical framework of this study is customized to analyze Chinese social policies, based on an extensive review of policy implementation theories and adapting Smith\u27s policy execution model to fit the characteristics and background of policy implementation in China\u27s political context, particularly focusing on age-friendly renovation policies. Using a case study method, the research explores the policy development and implementation process in Guangzhou, employing document analysis, field observations and interviews from five residential communities over a two-year period starting from May 2022. The study\u27s data sources are diverse, including program documents, semi-structured interviews with staff from the Elderly Comprehensive Service Center and neighborhood committee officials, indepth interviews with elderly groups, and random community interviews and observations of interactions between program staff and clients. The collected data were processed using both quantitative tables and qualitative analysis methods.
After a preliminary understanding of the current status of age-friendly renovation policy implementation in Guangzhou, combined with theoretical frameworks and analytical theories, the study uncovers several key findings influencing policy implementation effectiveness:
1.Policy Confusion and Mistakes: Ambiguities in policy content and objectives lead to distorted implementations and inconsistent standards, limiting policy reach and effectiveness. The lack of coordination further exacerbates these issues, hindering effective coverage.
2.Organizational Barriers: Vertical and horizontal organizational structures create communication breakdowns and inertia, impeding effective policy implementation. Limited resources and unclear roles contribute to confusion and inefficiencies.
3.Street-Level Bureaucrat Inefficiencies: Street-level bureaucrats struggle with understanding policy objectives and exercising discretion, resulting in inconsistent and ineffective implementation. Inadequate oversight and incentives diminish their motivation and performance.
4.Target Group Issues: Ambiguous policy parameters and public skepticism reduce policy effectiveness and reach. Insufficient promotion and bureaucratic hurdles further frustrate the target demographic, impeding successful implementation.
In synthesizing the study\u27s conclusions with its implications, the thesis presents a suite of recommendations.At the national level, it suggests correcting policy orientation, emphasizing community governance, defining clear leadership and responsibilities, and enhancing policy feedback mechanisms. For Guangzhou, it recommends prioritizing aging-in-place policies, establishing unified review standards, increasing awareness of age-friendly renovations, strengthening community governance, and fostering industrial synergy.
The theoretical contribution of this study lies in refining and contextualizing Smith\u27s policy implementation model to align more closely with the Chinese policy environment. It extends the theoretical framework of policy research by addressing the historical predominance of theories originating within developed country contexts and broadens the applicability of policy implementation theory to settings in developing countries. Specifically, the research enriches understanding by focusing on execution dynamics within China\u27s centrally governed but locally empowered administrative structure. It emphasizes the pivotal roles of implementers within organizations, clarifies the concept of \u27policy texts,\u27 highlights the role of street-level bureaucrats in oversight and incentive moderation, and underscores the importance of active engagement by the target group. It offers a nuanced analytical framework for examining age-friendly renovation policies alongside strategies for the distribution of social welfare
Theme One : Cultural Traditions, Physical and Mental Health, and Sustainability (III)
No full textModerator : TENG Wai (South China Normal University)
Speakers :
1. The Right to Science: Decolonizing Knowledge to Preserve Epistemic Biodiversity
Speaker : Nicoletta DENTICO (Global Health Justice Program, Society for International Development, Italy)
2. The Contribution of Traditional African Medicine in the Fight Against COVID-19 and Other Tropical Diseases
Speaker : Jérôme MUNYANGI WA NKOLA (University of Kolwezi, Congo)
3. Ayurveda in Healthcare: Swastha Vritta (The Preventive and Social Medicine)
Speaker : Thushara LAL S (Tamil Nadu Dr. M.G.R. Medical University, India)
4. Revisiting the Role of Western Foundations in the Medical System of the Global South
Speaker : SIT Tsui (Southwest University