Journals at Carleton University
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Парламентское влияние на политику санкций в Канаде, США и ЕС
No full textThis paper explores the role of parliaments in sanctions policy in Canada, the United States, and the European Union. The study contrasts the varying levels of parliamentary involvement and oversight within these jurisdictions. It highlights Canada’s formal but underutilized parliamentary powers, the proactive legislative role of the US Congress that actively shapes and monitors sanctions policy, and the EU’s executive-dominated approach with limited parliamentary input. The findings partially refute the hypothesis that parliaments play a marginal role in sanctions policy and underscore the importance of robust legislative oversight in ensuring that sanctions policies are democratically accountable.L’auteur s’intéresse au rôle des parlements dans la politique des sanctions au Canada, aux États-Unis et dans l\u27Union européenne (UE). Dans cette étude, il compare les différents niveaux d\u27investissement et de contrôle qui caractérisent les parlements dans ces juridictions. Il met ainsi en évidence les pouvoirs parlementaires formels établis mais sous-utilisés au Canada, le rôle législatif proactif du Congrès américain qui façonne et contrôle activement la politique en matière de sanctions et la domination de l’exécutif dans l\u27UE, où la contribution parlementaire est limitée. Les conclusions de l’étude permettent de réfuter en partie l\u27hypothèse selon laquelle les parlements ne jouent qu’un rôle marginal dans la politique des sanctions et viennent souligner l\u27importance du contrôle législatif pour garantir que les politiques en matière de sanctions soient démocratiques et représentatives.В данной статье исследуется роль парламентов в политике санкций в Канаде, США и Европейском союзе. В исследовании сравниваются различные уровни участия и контроля парламентов в этих юрисдикциях. Особое внимание уделяется формальным, но недостаточно используемым полномочиям парламента Канады, проактивной законодательной роли Конгресса США, который активно формирует и контролирует политику санкций, а также подходу ЕС, в котором доминирует исполнительная власть, а участие парламента ограничено. Результаты исследования частично опровергают гипотезу о том, что парламенты играют второстепенную роль в политике санкций, и подчеркивают важность надежного законодательного контроля для обеспечения демократической подотчетности политики санкций
Are Core Correctional Practice Strategies Associated with Positive Change Among Clients on Probation Irrespective of Gender, Indigeneity, or Mental Health and Substance Misuse?
No full textThe intersection of mental health, substance use, and the criminal justice system presents significant challenges for probation and parole officers (PPOs), particularly when supervising justice-impacted persons (JIPs) with complex needs. Grounded in the risk-need-responsivity (RNR) model (Andrews et al., 1990), this research explores the relationship between core correctional strategies (e.g., teaching clients to reframe thinking styles) and client outcomes while on probation (e.g., less substance use, employment stability) and whether gender and Indigeneity moderate these effects. The study also explores if the presence of acute mental health crises and substance misuse influences the relationship between probation and parole officers’ use of Core Correctional Practice (CCP) strategies and client outcomes. The study analyzes 193 probation case notes following the introduction of the Ontario Solicitor General’s Made-in-Ontario Core Correctional Practices (CCP) Model of Community Supervision. A subset of six items from the Client Change Scale (CCS, Serin & Lloyd, 2018) is used to assess behavioural change across key life domains (e.g., employment, substance use, program engagement). Findings will inform evidence-based training enhancements and policy reforms to improve probation outcomes for diverse populations.
The opinions and views expressed in this report reflect those of the author and not the Ontario Ministry of the Solicitor General. This project was done with the support of the Ontario Ministry of the Solicitor General
The Hidden Costs of Sweetness: Fructose-Induced Liver Inflammation
No full textFructose consumption has contributed to the prevalence of obesity, a major risk factor for metabolic disorders like metabolic-associated liver disease (MASLD). Obesity frequently coexists with liver disease, and excessive fructose intake directly promotes MASLD by driving hepatic inflammation, oxidative stress, and metabolic dysfunction. Despite growing research, gaps remain in understanding how dietary fructose leads to liver dysfunction. Many MASLD models rely on supraphysiological fructose levels (60%), which limit their relevance to the human diet. In this study, we investigated how dietary sugars at levels (15%) comparable to that in the Western diet influence liver health. To do so, we analyzed inflammatory, oxidative stress, and metabolic gene expression in mice-fed diets containing 15% fructose, 60% fructose, or standard chow. We fed seventeen male and female mice sugar-based diets for 8 to 23 weeks and analyzed gene expression using quantitative PCR. Mice on 60% and 15% fructose diets showed comparable gene expression patterns, with Nrf2 and Cd36 displaying significant differences. When compared to other sugar types, dextrose and sucrose also induced the expression of similar inflammatory liver markers. Since a 60% fructose diet is known to induce MASLD, our results suggest that even 15% fructose may have similar effects. However, dextrose and sucrose increased both pro- and anti-inflammatory gene expression, making their role in MASLD unclear. These findings highlight the complex relationship between dietary sugars and liver health, emphasizing the need for further research on the long-term effects of different sugar types in MASLD development
2025 CRAN Meeting : Agenda, Opening Remarks, Affiliations, Award Winners, Meeting Stats, Bluesky Posts
No full textCreating and Capturing Value Through Brand Acquisition and Strategy: The Historical Cases of Debenhams and House of Fraser
No full textConsuming Black Culture: The Materiality and Cultural Exploitation of the California Raisins Campaign
No full textBrand heritage “from below”: heritage significance of ephemeral objects for luxury designer brands
No full textI’ve got to have them all! The historical contribution of Kewpie Dolls to Consumer Culture: An investigation into intellectual copyright in the early 20th Century
No full textПолитизация международных организаций: как не признающие государства препятствуют членству Косово
No full textThe politicization of international organizations undermines their integrity and effectiveness. This article focuses on the attempts to block and hinder Kosovo’s membership in the World Customs Organization (WCO) and the Permanent Court of Arbitration (PCA), illustrating how states that do not recognize Kosovo use their political clout to hinder its membership. Despite Kosovo fulfilling all the necessary requirements, a few influential states have obstructed its accession by exploiting their roles within these organizations. The article highlights biased actions by member states, revealing a pattern of politicization and manipulation. It discusses the impact on neutrality, impartiality, and rule-based governance, calling for robust mechanisms to protect the integrity of international organizations. The article contributes to the broader debate on how member-state politicization affects the functioning of international organizations in a polarized world.La politisation des organisations internationales nuit à leur intégrité et à leur efficacité. Les blocages et entraves à l\u27adhésion du Kosovo à l\u27Organisation mondiale des douanes (OMD) et à la Cour permanente d\u27arbitrage (CPA) illustrent la manière dont les États qui ne reconnaissent pas le Kosovo usent de leur influence politique pour empêcher son adhésion. Bien que le Kosovo remplisse toutes les conditions requises, quelques États influents ont fait obstacle à son adhésion en exploitant leur rôle au sein de ces organisations. L\u27auteur met en lumière les actions partiales des États membres, révélant un modèle de politisation et de manipulation. Il examine l\u27effet de cette politisation sur la neutralité, sur l\u27impartialité et sur la légitimité légale de la gouvernance des organisations internationales et appelle à la mise en place de mécanismes solides pour protéger leur intégrité. Ainsi, il contribue au débat plus large sur la manière dont la politisation des États membres affecte le fonctionnement des organisations internationales dans un monde polariséПолитизация международных организаций: как не признающие государства препятствуют членству Косово
Политизация международных организаций подрывает их надёжность и эффективность. Эта статья сосредоточена на попытках блокировать и препятствовать членству Косово во Всемирной таможенной организации (ВТамО) и Постоянной палате третейского суда (ППТС), иллюстрируя как не признающие Косово государства используют свою политическое влияние для препятствия его членству. Несмотря на то что Косово выполнило все необходимые требования, несколько влиятельных государств мешают его присоединению, используя своё положение в этих организациях. Выявляя случаи политизации и манипуляции, статья высвечивает предвзятые действия государств-членов. Статья обсуждает воздействие на нейтральность, беспристрастность и управление, основанное на правилах, призывая к созданию надежных механизмов для защиты надёжности международных организаций. Работа вносит вклад в более широкую дискуссию о том, как политизация государствами-членами влияет на функционирование международных организаций в поляризованном мире.
Young Workers\u27 Responses to Mental Ill-Health in the Workplace
No full textYoung adults between the ages of 18 and 25 have the highest prevalence of mental ill-health in North America, which typically coincides with their career launches (National Institute of Mental Health, 2023; Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, 2023). Mental ill-health represents a state of severe functional impairment in everyday life, where an individual may qualify for a clinical diagnosis and their ability to work may be impacted (Kelloway et al., 2023; Keyes, 2002). The purpose of this research was to explore how young workers, at the beginning of their careers, describe their experiences with mental ill-health at work, how they respond to those challenges, and what that means for their work. Fifteen participants who self-identified as having mental ill-health in the workplace, either post-graduation or approaching graduation, were interviewed using a semi- structured protocol. Using reflexive thematic analysis, I identified four key themes. Most participants\u27 mental ill-health tipping point stemmed from internal, external, and work-related factors. Participants had diverse decision-making processes for responding to mental ill-health at work, with most choosing to stay despite their mental health challenges. Notably, all participants — whether they stayed, quit, or took a leave of absence —reported mental health improvements attributed to learning to transition into the workforce, mitigate harmful workplace stressors, and cultivate realistic workplace expectations