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Reflections of Decolonial Theory: When the colonized make sense of the depth of colonial violence on their \u27self\u27 and \u27community.\u27
No full textПРОДВИЖЕНИЕ УСТОЙЧИВОГО РАЗВИТИЯ ВЬЕТНАМА ЧЕРЕЗ ПОЛИТИКУ КООПЕРАЦИОННОГО РАЗВИТИЯ: ПОДХОД «НОРМАТИВНОЙ СИЛЫ ЕВРОПЫ»
No full textThis paper assesses the extent to which the EU’s development cooperation activities contribute to diffusion of its norm of sustainable development (environment) to Vietnam. In the post-Cold War era, EU normative influence has largely operated through technical assistance, financial instruments, policy dialogue, and capacity-building programs directed at developing countries. By analyzing key programming documents and aid instruments, the study demonstrates that environmental sustainability is not merely rhetorical but systematically mainstreamed into the EU’s cooperation frameworks in Vietnam. The paper further investigates how these normative expectations interact with Vietnam’s domestic priorities, assessing the degree to which EU-driven initiatives have informed policy agendas, institutional practices, and governance approaches within the recipient state. Through this dual assessment of EU intentions and Vietnam’s strategic responses, the article provides insights into the nature of EU normative power in Southeast Asia, the mechanisms enabling or constraining norm localization, and the EU’s evolving post-crisis image in its engagement with Vietnam—a former colony of an EU Member State. The findings suggest that norm diffusion has occurred, albeit selectively and pragmatically, shaped by Vietnam’s developmental concerns and policy autonomy.
Acknowledgement and funding
Some parts of the paper are based on the unpublished Phd thesis entitled “Analysing Normative Power Europe through Trade and Development Cooperation Policies towards Vietnam” undertaken at Sant’Anna University (Italy) and Ghent University (Belgium). We would also like to thank the Vietnamese Ministry of Education & Training for their support, under the research grant B.2023-SP2-07. Les auteurs s’intéressent à la diffusion au Vietnam des normes européennes de développement durable, en particulier dans leur déclinaison environnementale, grâce aux activités et politiques de coopération de l’Union européenne (UE). Depuis la fin de la guerre froide, l’influence normative de l’UE s’est surtout exprimée à travers le soutien technique, les instruments financiers, le dialogue sur les politiques et les programmes de renforcement des capacités pour les pays en voie de développement. L’analyse des instruments d’aide principaux et de documents clefs de ces programmes permet de démontrer que le développement durable ne constitue pas juste un point rhétorique, mais occupe systématiquement une place réellement centrale dans les activités et politiques coopératives de l’UE au Vietnam. Les auteurs explorent ensuite la manière dont les attentes normatives de l’UE influencent la politique intérieure vietnamienne et ses priorités : les initiatives de l’UE ont-elles un effet sur l’agenda politique, sur les pratiques institutionnelles, sur les méthodes de gouvernance ? L’étude des intentions de l’UE et des réponses stratégiques du Vietnam amène les auteurs à discuter de la nature de la puissance normative de l’UE en Asie du Sud-Est. Ils s’intéressent alors aux mécanismes de circonscription géographique des normes et à l’image changeante post-crise que l’UE projette au Vietnam – une ancienne colonie d’un État membre de l’union. Les auteurs arrivent à la conclusion que les normes européennes se sont bien diffusées, mais de manière sélective : les considérations vietnamiennes en termes de développement et d’autonomie politique y ont opéré un tri pragmatique.В статье оценивается насколько усилия ЕС в сфере кооперационного развития способствуют распространению его норм устойчивого развития (в области экологии) во Вьетнаме. После окончания холодной войны нормативное влияние ЕС в значительной мере реализовывалось посредством технической помощи, финансовых инструментов, политического диалога и программ наращивания потенциала, направленных на развивающиеся страны. На основе анализа ключевых программных документов и инструментов помощи статья показывает, что экологическая устойчивость не носит исключительно риторический характер, а систематически встраивается в программы сотрудничества ЕС с Вьетнамом. Статья также рассматривает, как эти нормативные ожидания соотносятся с внутренними приоритетами Вьетнама, и оценивает, в какой мере продвигаемые ЕС инициативы формируют политическую повестку, институциональные практики и подходы к управлению в государстве-реципиенте. Посредством двойственного анализа намерений ЕС и стратегических ответов Вьетнама статья проливает свет на характер нормативной силы ЕС в Юго-Восточной Азии, на механизмы, способствующие либо ограничивающие локализацию норм, а также на трансформацию образа ЕС в посткризисный период в его взаимодействии с Вьетнамом – бывшей колонией одного из государств-членов ЕС. Полученные результаты свидетельствуют о том, что диффузия норм действительно происходит, хотя и носит избирательный и прагматичный характер, будучи обусловленной задачами развития Вьетнама и сохранением его политической автономии
Dynamic unit-disk range reporting
No full textFor a set of points in the plane and a value r > 0, the unit-disk range reporting problem is to construct a data structure so that given any query disk of radius , all points of in the disk can be reported efficiently. We consider the dynamic version of the problem where point insertions and deletions of are allowed. The previous best method provides a data structure of space that supports amortized insertion time, amortized deletion time, and query time, where is an arbitrarily small positive constant and is the output size.
In this paper, we improve the query time to while keeping other complexities the same as before. A key ingredient of our approach is a shallow cutting algorithm for circular arcs, which may be interesting in its own right. A related problem that can also be solved by our techniques is the dynamic unit-disk range emptiness queries: Given a query unit disk, we wish to determine whether the disk contains a point of . The best previous work can maintain in a data structure of space that supports amortized insertion time, amortized deletion time, and query time. Our new data structure also uses space but can support each update in amortized time and support each query in time
Developing a Tutorial Template for PHIL 2001
No full textPHIL 2001 (Introduction to Logic) is a second year philosophy course that is open to first-year students. Interest in this course has grown in the past few semesters, with enrollment of approximately 350 students per semester. In this course, skill practice is essential for student success and this practice is in large part achieved through tutorials which are run by teaching assistants. However, the efficacy and interest in the tutorials throughout past semesters have been mixed, lacking in consistent results and delivery. As such, the project aimed to create a database of examples and template materials that the TAs can draw from, ensuring consistency across the sections.
Drawing from my experience as a long-term TA for the course, I provided insight into the needs of students, as well as the challenges faced by the TAs in tutorials. Through a highly collaborative process, a variety of resources were developed to be shared and used in future semesters, including: a weekly curriculum for tutorials, an overview of key concepts to be covered in tutorials, a problem bank featuring examples drawn from pop-culture, news, and philosophical texts, and a TA ‘best practices’ guide. These resources are highly transferable to future semesters and will improve both the quality and consistency of tutorials. Additionally, this model could be adapted for other courses with tutorial sections
Testing the Benefits of Rat Tickling on a Rodent Model of Persistent Inflammatory Pain
No full textChronic pain is a debilitating health problem that affects billions of people worldwide, requiring new, safe, and effective treatments. Current approaches to addressing this issue include nocifensive (pain-related) behaviour testing in animals and investigations of specific molecular determinants to observe how they influence pain behaviours in rodent models. Pain is a biopsychosocial phenomenon, even in rodents, and emotional/stressful states and basal experiences can modulate pain outputs, which can be a major confound in nocifensive behaviour testing. This project explored the effects of rat tickling (playful handling by the experimenter that mimics natural rough-and-tumble play) on the lab’s well-established persistent inflammatory pain model using von Frey filament (VFF) testing and recordings of 22- (alarm calls) and 50-kHz (indicative of positive affect) ultrasonic vocalizations (USVs). Adult male Sprague Dawley rats underwent tickle training or gentle handling followed by evoked somatosensory VFF testing. Baseline testing was followed by a subcutaneous left hind paw footpad injection of 0.3 mL of the pro-inflammatory substance Complete Freund’s Adjuvant (CFA) or vehicle. The animals then underwent VFF testing 24-, 48-, and 72-hours post-injection to verify that pain hypersensitivity was induced. Both tickled and gentle handled rats produced similar VFF testing results, but tickled rats produced more 50-kHz USVs than gentle handled rats. These results suggest both conditions are effective acclimation strategies, but that tickling seems to increase the production of 50-kHz USVs, suggesting improved welfare of the animals. We conclude that animal welfare is an important factor to consider when conducting VFF nocifensive behaviour testing
Pleotropic Effects of Antibiotic Resistance Mutation
No full textAntibiotic resistance mutations (AMRs) alter the phenotypic (physical) characteristics of an organism, which may result in enhanced fitness under antibiotic stress. However, these mutations often infer trade-offs in the organism’s fitness when introduced to alternative environments. This project explored the fitness of eight strains of Escherichia coli (E. coli) – seven with known antibiotic resistance mutations – by conducting minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) assays. The result of this project, determined through comparative analysis with the non-AMR strain, showed a neutral or negative effect on the AMR strains. Continued study into E. coli’s stress response and biofilm production may lead to a better understanding of the pleiotropic (off-target) effects of AMRs
Application of Aptamers for Neurodegenerative Diseases
No full textThe LADDER Group uses DNA aptamers to develop biosensors and therapeutics for various applications. Aptamers are single-stranded DNA/RNA oligonucleotides that bind to specific targets, such as viruses, proteins and small molecules. Aptamers are selected through a process called systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (SELEX). Throughout this experience, applications of aptamers to neurodegenerative diseases were explored, including the Use of Aptamers for Inhibition of Alpha-Synuclein Aggregation (Daniel Knight) and Aptamers for the Detection of Traumatic Brain Injuries (Sarah Larose)
Indian Residential Schools, Section 43 of the Criminal Code and Call to Action #6
No full textSection 43 of Canada’s Criminal Code, states: “Every schoolteacher, parent or person standing in the place of a parent is justified in using force by way of correction toward a pupil or child, as the case may be, who is under his care, if the force does not exceed what is reasonable under the circumstances.” Around the world, 67 countries (plus Scotland and Wales) and 16 territories have given children equal protection from physical assault as adults, and twenty-six more have committed to doing so. Canada is not one of them. Section 43 became an issue central to reconciliation between Canada and Indigenous Peoples in 2015, when the Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC) issued its Calls to Action. Call to Action #6 calls for the repeal of Section 43. Some legislators argue that the history of Indian Residential Schools should not be a consideration in the debate over repealing Section 43, arguing that the violence that occurred in the Schools would not be permitted under today’s interpretation of the defence. This position ignores the history of the law in Canada and the ways in which it permits violence to this day. This paper reviews the findings of the TRC with respect to corporal punishment in Indian Residential Schools, and the record of Canada\u27s nearly complete failure to protect children from assaults and to bring prosecutions for assaulting children
Worst-case deterministic fully-dynamic biconnectivity in changeable planar embeddings
No full textWe study dynamic planar graphs with vertices, subject to edge deletion, edge contraction, edge insertion across a face, and the splitting of a vertex in specified corners. We dynamically maintain a combinatorial embedding of such a planar graph, subject to connectivity and 2-vertex-connectivity (biconnectivity) queries between pairs of vertices. Whenever a query pair is connected and not biconnected, we find the first and last cut vertex separating them. Additionally, we allow local changes to the embedding by flipping the embedding of a subgraph that is connected by at most two vertices to the rest of the graph. We support all queries and updates in deterministic, worst-case, time, using an -sized data structure
Do School Bullying and Student-Teacher Relationships Matter for Well-being and Academic Achievement?
No full textStudy purpose. This study examines how exposure to bullying is related to students\u27 subjective well-being and academic achievement performance and investigates whether teacher support can moderate these relationships.
Methods. We analyzed the United States sample data from the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) 2018 database. Multilevel linear models were constructed with well-being and academic achievement scores as the outcome variables, predictor variables including exposure to bullying, teacher support, school type, and the interaction term between teacher support and exposure to bullying.
Results. Teacher support did not significantly buffer the effects of bullying on academic performance or student subjective well-being. Moderately frequent bullying adversely affected adolescent well-being and positively affected academic achievement. Frequent bullying had a non-significant effect on self-efficacy and academic achievement.
Conclusions. These findings underscore the need for comprehensive strategies to address bullying and promote teacher support in educational settings while acknowledging the nuanced role of control variables in shaping adolescent well-being