Journals at Carleton University
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Large Carnivorous Dinosaurs with Tiny Arms: Why Tyrannosaurus rex had Relatively Short Forelimbs
No full textTyrannosaurus rex (T. rex) is perhaps the most famous non-avian dinosaur due to its large size, ferocity, and portrayal in popular culture. T. rex was the apex predator of its time and dominated parts of North America during the Late Cretaceous around 66 million years ago. This theropod ranged from 12–13 meters in length and weighed around 7 tonnes. It had long, serrated banana-shaped teeth adept at crushing bone, a skull length of around 1.2 meters, and the most powerful jaws of any land animal ever to have lived. Curiously, T. rex had highly reduced forelimbs approximately 28% of its hindlimb length. The purpose of this paper is to discuss why T. rex had such proportionally short forelimbs, and what, if anything, they were used for. Proposed functional hypotheses range from signaling to holding prey to slashing. Hypotheses aiming to describe the mechanism behind reduction have included a compensatory relationship, where forelimb reduction is linked to the increase in skull size for more effective predation. Additionally, selective pressures from group feeding may have favoured reduction, as shorter forelimbs would reduce vulnerability to injury. These hypotheses and conclusions are discussed in terms of phylogenetics, behavioural ecology, and a literature-based assessment
Improving Police Response to People with Behavioural Health Issues
No full textThe source article describes RADAR (Response Awareness, De-escalation, And Referral), a hybrid Crisis Intervention Team (CIT)/co-response program for people with behavioural health issues (PBHI).
RADAR improved officers’ understanding of and empathy toward PBHI, and collaboration with a behavioural health professional provided valuable alternatives to law enforcement responses. The researchers could not statistically demonstrate any effects of the program on calls for service or incidents, but concluded that the program’s short-term benefits could set the stage for longer-term success.
RADAR offers lessons about sustainability; relationship-building with PBHI and clinicians; and creative technological approaches to data collection and evaluation for similar programs
A Marketing Plan to Win a College: The Campaign for College Status by the Cornell School of Home Economics, 1920-1925
No full textЦифровой Шелковый путь в Европе: маневры мягкой силы Китая на Евро 2024
No full textIn recent years, China has focused on expanding the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) and the Digital Silk Road (DSR) in Europe. Despite the presence of giants such as Huawei, the DSR has faced various challenges due to the security concerns of European states, further influenced by the positions of the European Union (EU) and the United States of America (USA). One of Beijing\u27s responses involves the 2024 European Football Championship, whose main sponsors are Chinese. Considering that this action falls under the category of soft power and Public Diplomacy, this article analyses how these sponsorships can contribute to the expansion of the DSR in Europe. Thus, our investigation unfolds around the following research question: How did China use diplomacy and soft power to promote the Digital Silk Road during Euro 2024? Using a primarily qualitative approach, our study concluded that China, through its companies, seeks to entice European consumers, making them more receptive to the potential expansion of its digital corridor in European territory.
Ces dernières années, la Chine a intensifié ses efforts de développement en Europe de l\u27Initiative route et ceinture (Belt & Road Initiative, BRI), en mettant particulièrement l\u27accent sur son aspect informatique, la Route de la soie numérique (Digital Silk Road, DSR). Malgré l’inclusion de géants tels que Huawei, la DSR a été confrontée à de nombreux obstacles en raison des préoccupations sécuritaires des États européens, influencées par les positions de l\u27Union européenne (UE) et des États-Unis d\u27Amérique (USA). Dans cet article, les auteurs affirment que l\u27une des réponses de Pékin réside dans le Championnat d\u27Europe de football 2024 (Euro 2024), dont les entreprises technologiques chinoises sont parmi les principaux sponsors. Ceci représente une tactique de soft power et de diplomatie publique, que les auteurs examinent sous l’angle de la contribution à l\u27expansion de la DSR en Europe. L\u27enquête des auteurs est donc construite autour de la manière dont la Chine a utilisé la diplomatie et le soft power pour promouvoir le DSR pendant l\u27Euro 2024. Utilisant une approche principalement qualitative, l\u27étude mène à la conclusion que la Chine, par l\u27intermédiaire de ses entreprises, cherche à attirer les consommateurs européens, les rendant plus réceptifs à l\u27expansion potentielle de son corridor numérique sur le territoire européen.В последние годы Китай интенсифицировал усилия по расширению инициативы «Пояс и путь» (BRI), уделяя особое внимание его цифровому коридору – Цифровому шелковому пути (DSR) в Европе. Несмотря на присутствие таких гигантов, как Huawei, DSR столкнулся с различными вызовами из-за опасений за безопасность со стороны европейских государств, усугублённых позициями Европейского Союза (ЕС) и Соединенных Штатов Америки (США). В этой статье авторы утверждают, что один из ответов Пекина встроен в чемпионат Европы по футболу UEFA 2024 года (Евро 2024), среди основных спонсоров которого присутствуют китайские технологические компании. Рассматривая это явление как тактику мягкой силы и публичной дипломатии, статья исследует, как эти спонсорства могут способствовать расширению DSR в Европе. Таким образом, исследование авторов сосредоточено на следующем исследовательском вопросе: как Китай использует дипломатию и мягкую силу для продвижения DSR во время Евро-2024? Используя преимущественно качественные методы, исследование приходит к выводу, что Китай через свои компании стремится стать более привлекательным для европейских потребителей, делая их более восприимчивыми к потенциальному расширению его цифрового коридора на европейскую территорию.
An interlaced algorithm for transforming plane triangulations using simultaneous flips
No full textAny two -vertex combinatorial triangulations are transformable to on another using a finite sequence of diagonal flips. It has been established that individual flips suffice to complete this transformation. It is known that the transformation can also be done with no more than simultaneous flips—each comprising a set of diagonal flips that yields a graph which remains both simple and planar. This bound is asymptotically tight. By processing the interior and exterior of a Hamiltonian cycle in parallel and in an interlaced fashion, we further reduce this bound down to
Near-optimal Euclidean locality-sensitive orderings
No full textFor a parameter , a set of orderings is -locality-sensitive (LSOs) if for any two points, , there exist an order in the set such that all the points between and (in the order) are -close to either or . Since the original construction of LSOs can not be (significantly) improved, we present a construction of modified LSOs, that yields a smaller set, while preserving their usefulness. Specifically, the resulting set of LSOs has size , where . This improves over previous work by a factor of , and is optimal up to a factor of .
This results in a flotilla of improved dynamic geometric algorithms, such as maintaining bichromatic closest pair, and spanners, among others. In particular, for geometric dynamic spanners the new result matches (up to the aforementioned factor) the lower bound. Thus providing a near-optimal simple dynamic data-structure for maintaining spanners under insertions and deletions