Journals at Carleton University
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Admass and the Engineering of Consent: The Emergence of Public Relations in Interwar Britain
No full textMichael Hller presenting Admass and the Engineering of Consent: The Emergence of Public Relations in Interwar Britain 
An Artificial Intelligence Enabled Interpretive Analysis 20,174 Printers\u27 Ink Articles 1888-1924
No full textThe digitalization of the past continues apace. Established in 2008, Haithitrust, a consortium of research libraries powered by Google Books, is the major player in this endeavor. Over 18 million volumes are available, 6.7 million of which are in the public domain. In December 2024, Harvard Library announced that more than one million volumes were accessible for the training of artificial intelligence (AI) large language models. Both the Hathitrust and Harvard efforts are “industrial” or “mass” digitalization models.
Adopting a “craft” or “small job shop” production model, as opposed to the “mass” production model adopted by Hathitrust and Harvard, our research, by tapping into Hathitrust, has extracted just over 150,000 webpages of Printers’ Ink content published between 1888 and 1924. From these webpages, we constructed a metafile identifying 24,864 artifacts (or articles) and collected relevant identifiers including year, volume, title, and author. We have completed the curation phase, retaining 20,174 articles for further analysis. The next production stage involves the creation of 20,174 text files. The production of text files is time consuming and currently involves downloading PDF page images, editing (or cropping) PDF files to include only relevant text (e.g., advertisements are deleted), converting cropped PDF images to text using OCR technology, and then reconstituting requisite page text files into articles text files. It is anticipated that crafting and proofing the required 20,174 text files will be completed sometime in 2026.
There are two major goals to the project. The first concerns the publication of various academic articles by the research team. We envision multiple papers on, for example, price product, promotion, and place, as well as articles on segmentation, women, international marketing, and consumer behavior. The second goal involves the creation of an AI enabled search engine. At the current time, we have an Apache Solr alpha version that allows for searches of a limited number of text file based on author, title keywords, article content keywords, and year. Finally, the research team anticipates a 2027 non-commercial release of the search engine
Constrained and ordered level planarity parameterized by the number of levels
No full textThe problem Level Planarity asks for a crossing-free drawing of a graph in the plane such that vertices are placed at prescribed y-coordinates (called levels) and such that every edge is realized as a y-monotone curve. In the variant Constrained Level Planarity (CLP), each level is equipped with a partial order on its vertices and in the desired drawing the left-to-right order of vertices on level has to be a linear extension of . Ordered Level Planarity (OLP) corresponds to the special case of CLP where the given partial orders are total orders. Previous results by Brückner and Rutter [SODA 2017] and Klemz and Rote [ACM Trans. Alg. 2019] state that both CLP and OLP are NP-hard even in severely restricted cases. In particular, they remain NP-hard even when restricted to instances whose width (the maximum number of vertices that may share a common level) is at most two. In this paper, we focus on the other dimension: we study the parameterized complexity of CLP and OLP with respect to the height (the number of levels).
We show that OLP parameterized by the height is complete with respect to the complexity class XNLP, which was first studied by Elberfeld, Stockhusen, and Tantau [Algorithmica 2015] (under a different name) and recently made more prominent by Bodlaender, Groenland, Nederlof, and Swennenhuis [FOCS 2021]. It contains all parameterized problems that can be solved nondeterministically in time and space (where is a computable function, is the input size, and is the parameter). If a problem is XNLP-complete, it lies in XP, but is W[]-hard for every .
In contrast to the fact that OLP parameterized by the height lies in XP, it turns out that CLP is NP-hard even when restricted to instances of height 4. We complement this result by showing that CLP can be solved in polynomial time for instances of height at most 3
Robustly guarding polygons
No full textWe propose precise notions of what it means to guard a domain robustly, under a variety of models. While approximation algorithms for minimizing the number of (precise) point guards in a polygon is a notoriously challenging area of investigation, we show that imposing various degrees of robustness on the notion of visibility coverage leads to a more tractable (and realistic) problem for which we can provide approximation algorithms with constant factor guarantees
The Psychedelic Reset: How Psychedelics May Reshape the Corticostriatal Circuit in Anorexia Nervosa
No full textAnorexia nervosa (AN) is an eating disorder characterized by compulsive eating restrictions and cognitive inflexibility, which is linked to dysregulation within the cortico-striatal-thalamo cortical (CSTC) circuitry. Dysfunction within the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and dorsal striatum has been implicated in habitual decision making and impaired cognitive flexibility, contributing to disordered eating patterns. Neuroimaging studies show that dysregulation in the CSTC circuitry reinforces maladaptive behaviours, making it difficult for individuals with AN to withdraw from rigid eating habits and habitual behaviours. Current treatment options, such as cognitive behavioural therapy and pharmacological interventions, are ineffective in targeting underlying neural dysfunctions.
Recent research suggests the efficacy of psychedelics such as psilocybin in modulating cortico-striatal function to alleviate symptoms of AN. Animal studies and human trials provide strong evidence for the positive effects of psilocybin therapy on improving rigid behavioural patterns, which restores goal-directed control over eating habits. Psilocybin regulates activity within the CSTC circuitry, promoting cognitive flexibility and disrupting maladaptive decision-making associated with AN. Psychedelics show strong therapeutic potential for treating eating disorders by restoring functional connectivity in CSTC circuits and facilitating the shift from habit-driven to goal-directed behaviour. This poster explores how psychedelics may effectively target cortico-striatal dysfunction to promote behavioural change in individuals with AN. Future research should examine the long-term therapeutic effects of psilocybin in humans to differentiate if positive impact is due to neural changes or emotional experiences
Stress, Social Anxiety, and Problematic Social Media Use: The Role of Coping Styles
No full textProblematic social media use (PSMU) is a growing concern among undergraduate students with emerging evidence linking it to elevated stress and poor mental health. However, the relationship between social anxiety and PSMU remains underexplored, especially whilst considering stress and coping. This study examines these relationships while incorporating coping styles to assess the role of emotion, avoidance, and problem-focused coping. We aim to investigate the association between perceived stress, social anxiety and PSMU, in addition to the mediating and moderating role of coping styles. A sample of 100 undergraduate students from Carleton University completed self-report measures, including the Bergen Social Media Addiction Scale (BSMAS), Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale (LSAS), and the Short Survey of Coping Profile Endorsement (SCOPE). Results yielded a significant positive correlation between PSMU and emotion-focused coping and perceived stress. Linear regression analysis revealed a significant positive correlation between perceived stress and social anxiety, yet neither variable significantly predicted PSMU. Coping styles did not significantly moderate the relationship between stress and PSMU or mediate the relationship between social anxiety and PSMU. These findings suggest that the relationship between stress, social anxiety, and PSMU may be more complex and context dependent. While stress and social anxiety remain closely linked, their impact on PSMU may be moderated by other factors, such as motivation for social media use. These results underscore the need for further research to clarify the role coping styles play and the mechanisms underlying PSMU to inform targeted interventions for at-risk student populations
Mental Health and Career Intentions Among Young Adults
No full textPoor mental health has been shown to influence career-related behaviours and outcomes; however, limited research has examined how young adults’ mental health is related to their career intentions. Guided by the Conservation of Resources theory, this study examined how loneliness and psychological distress relate to career aspirations and motivations to lead, and whether recovery moderates these relationships. Additionally, this study investigated whether loneliness and distress are related to intentions to pursue public sector work (e.g., military service), an area that remains underexplored in vocational research. Participants included 256 university students who completed an online survey. Results suggested that lower loneliness was associated with higher career aspirations, while psychological distress had no significant relationship with career aspirations. Results also suggested that neither loneliness nor psychological distress had a significant relationship with motivation to lead. Exploratory data analyses revealed that neither loneliness nor distress was related to public service motivation. Unexpectedly, the moderation analyses showed that recovery amplified the effects of loneliness and distress on career aspirations, as well as the relationship between loneliness and motivation to lead. These findings underscore the importance of examining how mental health can shape young adults’ career intentions and suggest that recovery may play a nuanced role in this process
The Utility of Body-Worn Cameras as a Training Tool
No full textThere is strong potential for BWCs as a training tool. BWC footage can enhance the feedback process by positioning trainees as active learners.
Utilising BWC video in training sessions can enhance trainees’ understanding of feedback, clarify areas of improvement, and build confidence in their performance.
Ideally, instructors should be present during BWC video reviews to provide context, alleviate discomfort, and focus trainees on constructive reflection and future performance improvements
Female Officers Search Less During Traffic Stops but Find Just as Much as Their Male Counterparts
No full textTraffic stop data from the Charlotte (NC) Police Department and the Florida Highway Patrol in the United States show that women officers search fewer drivers than their male counterparts.
If they conduct a search, women officers are more likely to find contraband than their male counterparts.
Because women conduct fewer searches but are more accurate when they do, the overall difference in the number of times contraband is found (per one hundred stops) is minimal