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Environmental Activism in Akinwumi Is̩o̩la’s "S̩aworo Idẹ" (The Brass Drum): A Study in Ecocriticism
No full textCritics of indigenous literature have over the years examined the relationship between literature and various forms of social consciousness, including morality, politics, religion, economy, culture, migration, wars, gender, health, crime, and globalization. However, environmental activism has not received adequate attention in Yorùbá literature. Although many traditional Yorùbá hunters and chanters were very close to nature and composed numerous ìjálá chants and other poetic forms reflecting the divine relationship between humanity and the environment, a more conscious insertion of environmental studies in Yorùbá literary criticism is very recent. This study examines the theme of environmental activism through the literary lens of Akinwumi Is̩o̩la’s “S̩aworo Idẹ”. The novel was purposively selected because no other contemporary Yorùbá novel engages environmental activism as effectively as” S̩aworo Ìde̩”. The study employs a qualitative research methodology and the theoretical framework of ecocriticism for contextual analysis of themes in the novel. Findings show that economic determinism and climate change lead to deforestation and the suffering of the people as consequences of environmental crisis, ultimately resulting in violent activism. The study concludes that environmental crises and the resultant activism should be blamed on humans due to their violations of cosmic order. It recommends traditional methods of managing environmental crisis, such as afforestation and the preservation of heritage sites, as portrayed in the selected text, to mitigate environmental disasters in contemporary societies
Embodying Power: The Role of Performance Style in Yoruba Political Verbal Arts
No full textYorùbá verbal arts, particularly traditional songs and music, are performed in ways that are vital in communicating power dynamics, sociocultural messages, and the significance of political discourse among the Yorùbá people. This article analyzes the performance styles of selected traditional song performers to demonstrate how both verbal and nonverbal elements of Yorùbá performance contribute to the understanding of political messages within Yorùbá communities. It emphasizes that performance is not solely about the content of the words but also about their delivery and embodiment, which can amplify their impact and reinforce sociopolitical structures within the society. Drawing on performance theory, the study examines how Yorùbá traditional songs and music serve as powerful tools for political discourse and identity formation among the Yorùbá, focusing specifically on the Oǹdó, Ìbògùn, and Ò̩yó̩ communities. Through a detailed analysis of the selected performers' styles, it reveals how songs and music not only reflect but actively shape understandings of power, solidarity, and sociopolitical interactions in Yorubaland. It argues that the performance styles of Yorùbá oral performers enhance the effectiveness of political narratives conveyed through performance. By highlighting the vital role of performance style in negotiating power and fostering cultural resilience, the study contributes to broader dialogues on the relationship between oral art and politics, offering new insights into the vitality of Yorùbá political aesthetics and the global relevance of indigenous expressive traditions
Editorial
No full textI am delighted to announce the publication of Volume 31, Number 2 (2025) of our esteemed journal, Lagos Notes and Records. The volume comprises ten (10) well-researched scholarly articles representing contemporary thought across various humanities disciplines, with a particular focus on History and Culture, Literature, Creative Arts, Language and Linguistics, and Religion. Each contribution provides a unique perspective on pressing socio-cultural, historical, and economic issues, offering a wealth of knowledge to scholars and the general public alike.
The articles featured in this volume not only provide new insights into their respective fields but also engage with broader social, cultural, and historical concerns. I, therefore, commend the authors for their scholarly contributions and thank the editors for their diligent work. I am confident that the diverse perspectives presented in the volume will stimulate further research and broaden academic conversations across the humanities and beyond
BRIEF STUDY ON SOME PROPERTIES OF SYMMETRIC CARDIO-BAZILEVIC FUNCTIONS
No full textBazilevic functions consist of functions defined by certain integral I say, which are entirely univalent in the unit disk. They contain some other class of functions as special cases. In the recent time, the study of Bazilevic functions became so popular that researchers (especially in Geometric Function Theory, GFT) have had to study different subclasses of Bazilevic functions as related to various domains. However, their study seem to lack full vigour addressing relevant connections of Bazilevic functions to certain interesting domain called the symmetric cardioid domain. In characterization of these Bazilevic functions, the geometry of the image domains is very critical. Conse- quently, in this article, with the aid of Salagean derivative operator, the author derived a new Bazilevic class Bα(A, B, σ), type α, associated with symmetric cardioid domain. This was achieved via the Hadamard product of certain frac- tional analytic function g(z)α and the normalized univalent function f (z) using subordination principle. In the sequel, a new geometrical formation regarding the said class of Bazilevic functions was obtained. Additionally, sharp bounds on the first three Taylor-Maclaurin coefficients for functions belonging to the aforementioned class were obtained while the relationship of these bounds to the classical Fekete-Szego inequality was established using a very lucid Math- ematical approach
THE NEUTROSOPHIC HOM - GROUPS AND NEUTROSOPHIC HOM - SUBGROUPS I
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Hom-groups are the non-associative generalization of a group whose associativity and unitality are twisted by a compatible bijective map. The neutrosophic set is a powerful tool in dealing with incomplete, indeterminate and inconsistent data that exist in the real world. Neutrosophic set is characterized by the truth membership function in the set (T), indeterminacy membership function in the set (I) and falsity membership function in the set (F) where 0 ≤ T + I + F ≤ 3+. In this work, efforts are intensified to clearly exemplify and create distinctions between certain structural ( classical ) groups , which are neutrosophic Hom groups and those which are not. Some examples of the neutrosophic Hom groups are also carefully constructed with elementary features and characterizations such as the subgroup series as well as their lattices. Finally , the certainty of the Lagranges theorem involving the subgroup of any finite neutrosophic Hom - group G(I
Testing Homeostasis Using the Designed Matlab GUI of Cardiovascular-Respiratory System Mathematical Model
No full textHomeostasis is the body's mechanism for maintaining internal stability amidst external changes, particularly within the cardiovascular and respiratory systems. This study applied optimal control problem strategies to sustain homeostasis by regulating key physiological parameters such as blood pressure, oxygen, and carbon dioxide levels. A stability analysis was conducted on a mathematical model of the human cardiovascular-respiratory system using a GUI in MATLAB App Designer to test this homeostasis. The findings demonstrated that the model's variables consistently averaged within normal physiological ranges, affirming the successful maintenance of homeostasis. The GUI provided intuitive and interactive graphical outputs, effectively distinguishing between healthy and unhealthy individuals. Stable outputs were observed in healthy subjects, while instability was evident in unhealthy subjects, underscoring the system's sensitivity to pathological conditions. The user-friendly interface efficiently managed input data and delivered precise health status indicators. The model reliably simulated the impact of various disease parameters, with variables remaining within normal ranges in healthy scenarios and deviating in the presence of disease, thereby highlighting its potential as a valuable tool for clinical and research applications
Quantifying the Public Health Effects of Vaccine Hesitancy and Delays in Screening Clinically Infected Patients: Insights From a COVID-19 Transmission Model
No full textMotivated by the recent COVID-19 outbreak, we develop a time delay infectious disease model that incorporates vaccination and screening of clinically infected patients and calibrate it using Chinese data to understand the quantitative implications of vaccine hesitancy and delay in the screening of clinically infected patients. Vaccine hesitancy refers to the denial or delay in acceptance of vaccines despite their availability. Understanding the implications of vaccine hesitancy is therefore essential for designing public health interventions. Analysis of the model revealed that whenever R0≤1R0≤1, there exists a globally asymptotically disease-free equilibrium. However, whenever R0>1R0>1, there exists a unique endemic equilibrium which is globally asymptotically stable. In addition, results also show that vaccine hesitancy and delay in hospitalizing clinically infected patients have a stronger impact on the deaths toll and new infections generated. Vaccine hesitancy and delayed screening of clinically infected patients lead to harmonic oscillations in deaths and new cases, which, however, die out over time. Our findings underscore the importance of including vaccine hesitancy and delay in hospitalizing clinically infected patients in the design of control strategies for infectious diseases
Understanding the Dynamics of Amebiasis Using Mathematical Modelling Approach: Optimal Control Strategies and Cost-Effectiveness Analysis
No full textAmebiasis is a parasitic infection of the intestine caused by the amoeba Entamoeba histolytica and is endemic in tropical countries with poor sanitation and hygiene. To explore the dynamics of amebiasis and identify effective control interventions, a mathematical model is developed. This model incorporates a treatment class within the human population and accounts for the concentration of the amebiasis pathogen in the environment. The study derived the steady states, stability, and the basic reproduction number of the infection. A global sensitivity analysis is also conducted to identify the most significant parameters influencing the disease's spread. Subsequently, an optimal control model is formulated, featuring four time-dependent controls: hygiene practices, efficient screening of infected individuals, effective treatment, and disinfection/sterilisation of the environment. This model is analysed and simulated across four categories—single, double, triple, and quadruple combinations—to assess the impact of these control measures. Additionally, a cost-effectiveness analysis is conducted using the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) method. The findings provide valuable insights that can help policymakers effectively control the disease while managing limited resources. The results indicate that any control combination that includes efficient screening of infected individuals is the most cost-effective strategy for reducing amebiasis in society. However, in a single case where resources are limited, Strategy 2 - efficient screening of infected individuals - emerges as the most cost-effective method for eradicating the disease. With additional resources, the most effective double-combined control strategy for disease eradication is Strategy 8, which combines Strategy 2 with efficient treatment. For the triple control strategy, the most cost-effective control Strategy is Strategy 14, which integrates Strategy 8 and disinfection/sterilisation of the environment. However, the overall most cost-effective strategy remains Strategy 2
Beyond Gendered Art Practice: Ten Contemporary Women Cloth-Weavers in the Sustainability of Aso-Oke in Oke-Ogun, Nigeria
No full textSeveral art and craft productions in Africa have been gendered culturally and vocationally. Woodcarving, Metal-Smithing, Bronze-Casting, Pottery, Stone-Carving and Cloth-Weaving are some examples where women are excluded, forbidden or restricted. Such gender roles in the production of arts and crafts have been distributed based on variables such as socio-cultural placement of the sexes, domestic roles, physical strength, industrial proximity, economic advantages and sacredness of the products. This paper focused on a popular cloth originating from the Yoruba ethnic group and presently used globally. Oke-Ogun in northern Yorubaland, in Oyo state, Nigeria, has been reputed as a major producer of woven cloth known as Òfì and also called Aso-Oke (meaning "cloth from Oke"). The importance and functions of the Aso-Oke to the Yoruba culture and as a utilitarian item has transcended centuries of developments, aesthetically, technologically and entrepreneurially; so also, the gendered roles in the production of the cloth. This paper investigated the ventures of contemporary women cloth weavers of Aso-Oke in Oke-Ogun and how their new roles have impacted and contributed to the sustenance and development of the art, restructuring of gender responsibilities, and women economic empowerment. The women were observed, interviewed, and documented across Oke-Ogun in Kisi, Eruwa, Saki, Iseyin, Igboho, Igbope, and Okeho. Ten of the outstanding women weavers purposively selected from Kisi and Igboho were featured with their various cloths visually examined and aesthetically analysed. Also, their enterprises were evaluated to assess the growth and development of the cloth globally. Conclusively, the paper established that due to the courageous incursions of women weavers, Aso-Oke cloth-weaving has been sustained and expanded in Oke-Ogun, both in its art form and functions, as a dignified entrepreneurship and a base for a new cloth-weaving culture
THE STUDY OF ECONOMICS OF EDUCATION: IMPERATIVE FOR MANAGING UNIVERSITY EDUCATION FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN NIGERIA
No full textIn Nigeria, University education plays an important role in sustainable development of the nation. However, university managers are constantly confront with economics related problems such as allocating, limited resources to various educational units, making education investment decisions, and financing educational programs to effectively provide skilled manpower for sustainable national development. The need to provide solutions to these problems necessitated the study of the Economics of education. Therefore, this paper examines the Economics of Education as imperative for managing university education for sustainable development in Nigeria. The development and meaning of economics of education as well as the meaning and management of university education were all discussed in this paper. The paper also highlighted the importance of Economics of Education in managing university education for sustainable development, followed by the conclusion and recommendations