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No full textReReRe/JoReFi est une revue scientifique. Les textes que nous acceptons en français, anglais, allemand, ruse et langues africaines sont sélectionnés par le comité scientifique et de la lecture en raison de leur originalité, des intérêts qu’ils présentent aux plans africain et international et de leur rigueur scientifique. Les enseignants des doctorants et les doctorants ayant atteint un niveau avancé dans la rédaction de leurs thèses sont favorisés soit en solo soit en collaboration avec leur directeur de thèses.
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Editorials
No full textI am delighted to announce the publication of Volume 29 (2023) of our esteemed journal, Lagos Notes and Records. The volume contains nine (9) well-researched articles representing contemporary thoughts in various disciplines of the humanities with particular focus on African Studies, Literature, Creative Arts, Language, and Linguistics.
The first article by Akinmayowa Akin-Otiko, “Making a Case for Integrative Medicine in Yoruba and Western Health Care Paradigms” focuses on disease causation, diagnosis, and treatment found in Yoruba Traditional Medicine (YTM) as a framework for integrative healthcare in Africa. The paper argues for a complementary blend of African Traditional Medicine (ATM) and the Western model as integrative healthcare is aimed at providing a holistic approach to diagnosis and treatment of the mind, body, and spirit. It deploys the Yoruba principle of ‘Àgbájọwọ́ la fí n sọ àyà, àjèjé ọwọ́ kan kò gbé ẹrù dé orí’ (one hand is not good enough to lift a heavy load unto one’s head) to make a strong case for the integration of ATM and Western healthcare.
In the second article, “From Historical Fiction to Historiographic Metafiction: Lawrence Hill’s The Book of Negroes as Deviant Literature,” Charles Tolulope Akinsete deploys Jacques Derrida’s deconstruction and Linda Hutcheon’s conception of historiographic metafiction in examining the controversy between history and literature. The paper treats The Book of Negroes as a subversive text predisposed to some postmodern stylistic techniques with its portrayal of obtrusive matters affecting the Black race in contemporary American society. It notes that Hill employs historiographic metafiction to reconceptualise the narrative of African American slave history thereby deconstructing a fixed categorisation of historical hermeneutics of African American slave narratives as limited to the issues of slavery, captivity, racism, oppression, and the like. The paper concludes that historiographic metafiction is substantiated as a counter-discourse against the lopsided criticism that deprecates black history and literary artistry as immaterial.
The third article by Razaq Kalilu and Timothy Ogunfuwa “Spatio-Environmental Conflicts and Artistic Resolution: Case of Three Nigerian Diaspora Artists,” discusses conflict theory by examining spatio-environmental conflicts and their impacts on artistic practices using three Nigerian diaspora painters - Dayo Laoye, Olu Oguibe, and Victor Ekpuk -, as examples. The paper presents morphological analyses of the pre-diaspora and diaspora works, and the spatio-environment of the selected artists with results indicating that intrapersonal and interpersonal conflicts from the artists’ spatio-environment - work-space, communities and their socio-political-cultural tendencies, audience and critics, art materials and the artist’s resolution of these conflicts - always influence aspects of their art practices. It concludes that studying art from spatio-environmental dynamics broadens discourse on conflict resolution and aids the understanding of artists’ practice shifts, as they show -practice dynamics that can be linked to spatio-environmental conflicts.
Douglas Kaze in the fourth article, “Twinhood, Allegory and the Ambivalence of the Postcolonial Nation: Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie’s Half of a Yellow Sun”, interrogates Nigeria’s state of postcolonial nationhood through the depiction of key characters’ experience during the Nigerian Civil War. The paper discusses the interweaving of personal lives and national narrative in Adichie’s novel, arguing that the author’s use of twins and other forms of pairing allegorizes the complex temporalities of the modern postcolonial nation. Depending on Frederic Jameson’s conception of national allegory that “Third World” narrative fiction is inherently representative of the national, and Homi Bhabha’s idea of the ambivalence of the nation which proposes a narrative doubleness combining historicist and everyday temporalities of the nation as a means to understanding modern nationhood, Kaze positions Half of a Yellow Sun as a text that, in spite of its narration of a conflict between two opposing national forces, constructs a postcolonial African nation as a complexity that does not succumb to simple binary interpretation.
In the fifth article, “Yoruba Indigenous Advertising: A Preliminary Report”, Ọladiipọ Ajiboye and Bisoye Eleshin interrogate the Yoruba open market systems which do not use stalls, shops, or malls to carry out trading activities but operate at specific intervals of days at designated market squares where people converge for various forms of trading activities. They focus on the indigenous nature of advertising across Yorubaland in which diverse formats and strategies such as hawking, use of descriptive and deceptive expressions, beckoning, etc., are employed to entice potential buyers to purchase advertised goods. They present various types of goods/products and services that are advertised vis-à-vis the sociological and linguistic features of such products and demonstrates that there is a high degree of interdependence between sellers and buyers in Yoruba Indigenous Advertising where advertisers rely on their communicative competence and the dexterity of their language-use to attract buyers. The paper concludes that trade/goods advertising using the speech forms of the people is key to successful business transactions in Yorubaland.
The sixth article by Bosede Afolayan and Owoicho Odihi, “The Hero as Villain in Armed Resistance: A Comparative Study of Ngugi wa Thiong’o’s The Trial of Dedan Kimathi and Ahmed Yerimah’s Hard Ground”, treats heroism as a Marxist concept in the evaluation of armed struggles by liberation movements. The paper examines the character of the heroes in the two plays against the backdrop of the Mau Mau war in Kenya and the Niger Delta insurgencies in Nigeria. Deploying a Marxist literary theory, the authors investigate the actions of the heroes and the motives that propel their revolts. Given that Dedan and Baba, the protagonists in the selected plays, are innately gentle, committed and caring leaders driven by the quest to liberate their people, they conclude that, rather than uncritically accepting ‘establishment’ or ‘official’ categorisation of leaders of insurgency/armed struggles as devilish, brutal and bloody ogres, a nuanced understanding of their social and political conditions which necessitated their actions must be thoroughly considered.
Azeez and Rafiu’s “Understanding the Effects of L1 Oracy Skill on Phonological Awareness among Yoruba Beginner Readers” is the seventh article. It pushes a deduction that understanding how oracy as a skill interacts with phonological awareness (described as the highest predictor of success in reading) gives useful pedagogical insight on reading in a bilingual context. Using the Linguistic Interdependence Hypothesis, the paper examines the effects of Yoruba oracy skills on Yoruba phonological awareness among beginner readers with the aim of having an empirical understanding of how oracy skills affect literacy development. The paper discovers that oracy in Yoruba enhances word awareness just as syllable, onset-rime, and phonemic awareness are dormant in Yoruba beginner readers prior to literacy instructions in the language. It recommends investigations of the influences of oracy on other metalinguistic abilities, e.g., morphological and syntactic awareness, in the language.
Kofoworola and Nwodo, in the eighth article “The Lucifer Effect in Kaine Agary's Yellow-Yellow”, explore a critical concept that utilises a novel’s genre as a means of illuminating issues of evil and situations in their examination of Agary's Yellow-Yellow. The paper dissects Agary’s portrayal of the relationship between evil, situations that engender it, and the systems that promote it within the selected context of human experiences. Using the Luciferian approach, the paper substantiates the claim that no one is above mistakes nor intentional in wrongdoing. It concludes by showing how invaluable situations and systemic powers can impact human experiences.
The ninth article by Carol Ohen and Florence Oghiator, “Language as a Tool for National Cohesion and Development in Nigeria”, argues that language is one of the main components in the formation of national identity and that Nigeria, being a multiethnic and multilingual nation, needs an effective policy on usage of language to help her remain united as a nation for the sake of her overall development. The paper examines the role that language plays in the socio-cultural, economic, educational, cultural and political life of a nation and submits that language is a necessary agent for peace, harmony, unity and progress. It recommends the teaching of English as a lingua franca to every Nigerian for better integration of Nigerian communities. The paper concludes that language is a major tool of cohesion and national development for Nigeria.
I sincerely thank and congratulate the Editorial Team and the Advisory Board for their effort and hard work in ensuring the delivery of this volume. I also congratulate the authors for the success of getting their papers published in our journal. I am hopeful that the academic community will find the articles therein interesting and impactful as we continue in the quest to expand the frontiers of knowledge in the humanities and allied disciplines.
Professor Akanbi Mudasiru Ilupeju
Dean, Faculty of Arts
Editor-in-Chie
EFFECT OF PROBLEM-BASED LEARNING METHOD WITH COOPERATIVE LEARNING STRATEGY ON ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE AMONG PHYSICS SECONDARY SCHOOLS STUDENTS IN KATSINA STATE, NIGERIA
No full textThis study examined the impact of problem-based learning method with cooperative learning strategy on electricity concept of physics student’s academic performance among secondary school students in Katsina state, Nigeria. The research work was guided by two research objectives, two research questions and two hypotheses. Quasi-experimental research design involving two groups (one experimental and one control) were used. The population of the study consist of 12,853 Physics students from twenty-five public senior Secondary School in Katsina Zonal Education Quality Assurance. The sample of students for the study consist of 149 students from intact classes selected from two schools. Physics Performance Test (PPT) was used for data collection. The reliability coefficient of the PPT was obtained using Pearson Product Moment Correlation which was 0. 845. The null hypotheses was tested at P ≤ 0.05 level of significance using t-test independent sample by the aid of SPSS (version 23). The results of the finding shows that there was significant difference in the mean academic performance between experimental and control group. The research concluded that problem-based learning methods with cooperative strategy is effective teaching method that can be explored as alternatives to the lecture method in teaching electricity concept of physics. Moreover, problem-based learning method with cooperative strategy is gender friendly teaching method. Based on the findings, it is recommended that teachers should employ the use of problem-based learning method with cooperative strategy as alternative to lecture method in teaching physics to enhance students’ performance
TEACHERS’ SERVICEABILITY AS PREDICTED BY TRAINING AND PEER COLLABORATION IN PUBLIC SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN LAGOS STATE
No full textOur teachers' unshakable commitment and serviceability are at the heart of educational achievement. Teachers play numerous roles in determining not just academic outcomes, but entire student development which necessitates the continuous need for development and collaboration. Based on this, this study investigated teachers’ serviceability as predicted by training and peer collaboration in public senior secondary schools in Lagos State, Nigeria. The study was anchored by Human Capital Theory. Two research hypotheses guided the study. The descriptive survey research design was adopted. Multi-stage sampling procedure was used to select 460 teachers for the study out of a population of 8956. Two research instruments titled “Teaching and Learning International Survey (TALIS) on Professional Development (PD) Questionnaire” and “Instructor Self-Evaluation Survey (ISES) Questionnaire” were used to collect data for the study. Pearson Chi-Square was used to test the hypotheses at a 0.05 significance level. Data processing and analysis were performed using IBM Statistical Package for the Social Science (SPSS) version 22 software. The study revealed that there was a significant influence of training and peer collaboration on teachers’ serviceability. Consequently, the study recommended among others that a school culture that supports collaboration among teachers should be developed and government should implement frequent training programmes
INVESTIGATING THE INFLUENCE OF PARENTAL INVOLVEMENT ON STUDENTS' MATHEMATICS ACHIEVEMENT IN SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN OGBOMOSO
No full textThis study investigated the influence of parental involvement on students' mathematics achievement in secondary schools in Ogbomoso, Nigeria. The research aimed to explore how various dimensions of parental involvement, such as home-based involvement, school-based involvement, and parental expectations, impacted students' academic performance in mathematics. Using a mixed-methods approach, the study collected data from 200 secondary school students, their parents, and teachers through structured surveys and in-depth interviews. The findings indicated a significant positive correlation between parental involvement and students' mathematics achievement, with home-based involvement showing the strongest impact. Qualitative insights revealed that parents' active participation in school activities and consistent communication with teachers contributed to students' motivation and confidence in mathematics. The study highlighted the importance of fostering effective communication and collaboration between parents and schools to enhance students' academic outcomes. Recommendations for policymakers and educators to promote parental involvement in education and address potential barriers, such as socioeconomic constraints and cultural differences, were discussed. This research contributed to the understanding of parental involvement in the Nigerian educational context and provided insights for improving student performance in mathematics, offering strategies to overcome existing challenges
Decision Support Framework for Insourcing and Outsourcing Building Maintenance Activities in Tertiary Institutions
No full textThe making of an appropriate decision on either to insource or outsource maintenance services in a tertiary institution is strategic in nature. Also, the decision-making process is usually complex and often constitutes a difficult task to decision makers. This is because different sourcing option suits different scenarios. The process of developing a decision-support framework for building maintenance insourcing and outsourcing decision-making in tertiary institutions is the aim of this study. Through a cross-sectional survey, data were collected from maintenance staff and building users using two sets of self-administered questionnaires. The results revealed the factors influencing decision to insource or outsource maintenance services in universities and polytechnics in South-West, Nigeria. The study develops a decision-support framework to assist policymakers and maintenance managers on insourcing and outsourcing decisions for building maintenance services in tertiary institutions. It recommends that decision in tertiary institutions should adopt the proposed maintenance sourcing decision-support framework as a tool for driving building maintenance sourcing decisions
British Colonial Land Use Policies and Housing Development in Lagos
No full textThis paper highlights the changing pattern of town planning and housing development in Lagos between 1900 and 1960, a period that witnessed the implementation of several colonial housing policies. Existing scholarship has overlooked the role that colonial land use policies played in the uneven town planning and housing development in Lagos. Drawing on a large body of colonial records and secondary sources, this paper analyses the impact of the British colonial government policies on housing development in colonial Lagos. Archival sources collected from the National Archive of Nigeria, Ibadan, and The National Archive (TNA), Kew, and secondary sources were critically engaged through a qualitative historical method. The uneven and combined development concept is deployed in depicting the biased housing development policies of the British government in Lagos. The British colonial land use policies impacted negatively on physical planning and housing development in Lagos. Colonial town planning schemes, sanitation regulations, and building laws precipitated the contemporary problem of uneven development that has impeded inclusive development in Lagos
Global Evidence of the Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Affordable Housing and Housing Supply: A Meta-Analysis
No full textThe COVID-19 pandemic significantly affected various aspects of life and the majority of industries all over the world. While extant studies have reported the impact of the pandemic in various sectors and industries, the impact of the pandemic on global affordable housing and housing supply has not received sufficient attention. Therefore, this study provides a global comparative evaluation of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the twin issues of affordable housing and housing supply. Google Scholar, Science Direct, ResearchGate and Primo Search were used in conducting database searches for previous studies published within the period of the COVID-19 pandemic (2020-2023). The framework of Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) was adopted in the systematic selection of 37 extant studies. Bibliometric, content and thematic analyses were conducted for the qualitative data analyses. Findings showed that the COVID-19 pandemic impacted various issues, viz: housing prices, demand and supply, socioeconomic gaps, housing construction activities, informal sector housing conditions, government housing policies, mortgage repayment defaults, multidimensional matters, increased digital nomads, and elderly housing supply. This study is unique in providing a systematic appraisal of extant studies to report the global implications of the COVID-19 pandemic on affordable housing and housing supply. Findings of the study are based on a systematic review of the literature. Indeed, the study offers a global perspective on the impact of the pandemic on the blighted affordable housing situation of different countries. Pertinent gaps in the existing literature and areas for further research were identified, alongside the recommendation of policy pathways for the future
Leveraging Technology to Improve and Streamline Operations in the African Construction Sector: A Case-Based Approach
No full textThe advent of innovation in tools, materials and techniques has transformed the planning, management and execution of construction projects. Globally, the construction sector has been embracing digital technologies to enhance efficiency, reduce cost and ensure sustainability to overcome challenges and meet evolving demands in the industry. Using a case-based approach, this study shows instances from South Africa of how the construction process is being revolutionised through the deployment of cutting-edge technologies to improve and streamline operations. The approach provides an introductory background on how technology has affected construction with an extensive literature review providing clarifications and insights on construction activities, processes and key technological advancements, in addition to highlighting their importance. Findings from the cases revealed that the projects deployed one or more forms of project management software, such as RIB Software, Autodesk Revit, Primavera P6, Microsoft Project, Procore, and Aconex. It was further found that these deployments enhanced collaboration and communication, improved design coordination and clash detection, and enabled efficient resource allocation and project planning among stakeholders. The study concludes that construction activities play a key role in economic development. Sustainable construction practices would require the adoption and implementation of state-of-the-art technological solutions in the 4th Industrial Revolution that will aid the totality of construction management processes. As evidenced in the various projects, the effectiveness of construction management software in streamlining the construction process is a testament to the critical role of technological advancement as a driver of sustainability
Implications of Transport Poverty and Social Exclusion in Lagos State Transportation System
Get PDFThe link between transportation and social inclusion is well-established. Poor access to transportation services makes goods and services inaccessible, further marginalizing those who do not own motor vehicles. Sociologists look at social exclusion from these dimensions - poverty, inequality, lack of decent and accessible public services, inadequate public transport, the welfare and benefits system, and lack of good housing. These inequalities existed in our transportation system before the introduction of new technologies and business models, and they are exacerbated by present-day social disadvantages. This study examined the transport poverty metrics and housing quality index in some selected parts of Lagos Nigeria. The sample for the study was taken from six (6) locations with four hundred and eighty (480) questionnaires i.e., eighty (80) for each location. There were one hundred and sixty-eight (168) female respondents and three hundred and twelve (312) male respondents with four stated objectives and data for the study was collected through questionnaires. The research hypothesis and questions were tested using the Mann Whitney-U Test Analysis and Analysis of Variance ANOVA to compare differences between the Suburban neighborhood group and the Central neighborhood group. The findings show that households in the Central neighborhood group tend to live closer to convenient transportation options and don't have to drive/travel far to obtain basic services like hospitals, grocery stores, and places of work, but they pay higher housing rentage even when the transport externalities are minimal while the Suburban neighborhood group spend an average of more than 34.7% of their income on transportation and tend to travel farther and lack access to good transportation alternatives. However, one of the recommendations is that waterways transportation around the Suburban group must be revamped with realistic fares to attract people and reduce stress on road transport