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Traité sur la Diplomatie Coutumière Africaine / Treatise on African Customary Diplomacy
No full textDans son ouvrage intitulé Les fondements économiques et culturels d'un État fédéral d'Afrique Noire, Cheikh Anta Diop écrit:
"Tandis que nous pouvons construire un Etat Fédéral africain à l'échelle du Continent noir sur la base de notre unité historique, psychique, économique et géographique, nous sommes obligés, pour parfaire cette unité nationale, pour la fonder sur une base culturelle autochtone moderne, de recréer notre unité linguistique par le choix d'une langue africaine appropriée que nous élèverons au niveau d'une langue moderne de culture..."
Par ces propos, Cheikh Anta Diop invite à une volonté double: une volonté de reliance (Edgar Morin) entre les peuples d'Afrique noire et une volonté rassurante de rupture, porteuse d’un véritable changement de paradigme par approche holistique, par rapport à un passé colonial dont les germes survivent encore hélas! dans nos veines et dans le sang de nos enfants donc en notre âme. Le défi majeur est ainsi identifié, qui se résume en la reconquête de l'âme de l'Afrique non par le fait d’un retour aux sources mais plutôt dans la dynamique d'une démarche savante en vue d'un recours aux sources c'est-à-dire à nos valeurs ancestrales, entendu que toutes nos pratiques traditionnelles ne sont pas forcément des valeurs. Tel est, des décennies après Discours sur le colonialisme d'Aimé Césaire publié le 7 juin 1950 par un journal du Parti communiste et édité en 1955 par Présence Africaine, le fondement idéologico-culturel du présent discours sur la diplomatie coutumière africaine.
In his book, The Economic and Cultural Foundations of a Federal State in Black Africa, Cheikh Anta Diop writes: "While we can build an African Federal State on the scale of the Black Continent based on our historical, psychological, economic, and geographical unity, we are obliged, in order to perfect this national unity, to found it on a modern indigenous cultural foundation, to recreate our linguistic unity by choosing an appropriate African language that we will elevate to the level of a modern cultural language..."
With these words, Cheikh Anta Diop calls for a dual desire: a desire for connection (Edgar Morin) between the peoples of Black Africa and a reassuring desire for rupture, bringing about a true paradigm shift through a holistic approach, in relation to a colonial past whose seeds, alas!, still survive in our veins and in the blood of our children, and therefore in our souls. The major challenge is thus identified, which can be summed up as the reconquest of the soul of Africa not by returning to the sources but rather in the dynamics of a scholarly approach with a view to resorting to the sources, that is to say to our ancestral values, understanding that all our traditional practices are not necessarily values. Such is, decades after Aimé Césaire's Discourse on Colonialism published on June 7, 1950 by a Communist Party newspaper and edited in 1955 by Présence Africaine, the ideological-cultural basis of the present discourse on African customary diplomacy.
 
Colonial Land Policies in Lagos and their Implications for Gender Equality
No full textThis study historicizes the colonial land policies enacted by the British in Lagos and examines their implications for gender equality, focusing specifically on women’s access to land. The research highlights significant shifts in legal frameworks and property rights by tracing the evolution of land ownership from precolonial to colonial times. The imposition of British land laws often disrupted traditional practices, marginalizing women who previously held substantial land rights under customary law. Through detailed case studies and historical analysis, the study explores the mechanisms by which women navigated and resisted these colonial legal constraints. Additionally, it investigates the broader socioeconomic impacts of restricted land rights on women’s economic empowerment and social standing. The findings reveal that colonial land policies entrenched gender inequalities, significantly altering the landscape of property ownership and economic opportunities for women in Lagos. The study concludes by reflecting on the enduring legacy of these policies in contemporary land-rights issues and gender dynamics in Lagos
A Systematic Review of Housing Shortage in Nigeria
No full textParticularly in the Global South, housing shortage has been a major issue worldwide. Using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) approach, this study investigates the housing challenge in Nigeria within the context of current economic conditions and government policies. Given that Nigeria is the most populous country in Africa and that it is experiencing rapid urbanization, it is understandable that the country is facing an acute shortage of affordable housing. To address the problem, this study identifies keyfactors affecting housing affordability, such as inflation, poor maintenance practices and ineffective regulatory enforcement. It also examines existing government policies, including the National Housing Fund, and evaluates their effectiveness in addressing the housing deficit. The study found significant gaps between policy intentions and outcomes, highlighting the need for more robust and inclusive housing strategies. The study concludes with recommendations for policy improvements and methods to enhance housing affordability in Nigeri
TRADE OPENNESS AND ECONOMIC GROWTH IN NIGERIA
Get PDFThis study looked at the connection between trade openness and economic growth in Nigeria. The nature of relationship that exist between these variables has been a major topic of economic debates in countries of the world. The study empirically investigates the nature and causal links between these two variables in Nigeria during the years 1986-2021 with the use of ARDL method and Granger Causality test. The study includes exchange rate, investment, and government expenditure as control variables. Results emanating from the study revealed that openness to trade in the short run, produce a significant negative influence on economic growth in Nigeria. It shows that trade openness or trade liberalization policies negatively influence economic growth in Nigeria. This influence becomes positive an insignificant in the long run. In addition, the overall results of causality test indicate unidirectional positive causality between economic growth and trade openness in the long-run. This implies that openness to trade possess the capacity that may promote long run economic growth in Nigeria. The short-run results suggest that the joint lagged value of the wald test result is not significant meaning that openness to trade may not be beneficial to economic growth in Nigeria
Finance Act and Tax Revenue in Nigeria
Get PDFTax revenue contributed significantly to GDP in developed economies, but this is less evident in Nigeria and many sub-Saharan countries, due to ineffective tax collection. However, tax remained a reliable revenue source for government funding. This study examined the impact of the Finance Act on tax revenue in Nigeria. An ex post facto research design was employed. Quarterly time series data were collected on oil tax revenue and non-oil tax revenue from the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) and the Federal Inland Revenue Service (FIRS) statistical bulletins for the period between 2016Q1-2023Q4. The periods were divided into pre- and post-finance acts. 2016Q1 --2019Q4 represented pre finance act, while 2020Q1- 2023Q4 represented post finance act. Tax revenue is the dependent variable proxying oil tax revenue and non-oil tax revenue, while the Finance Act is the independent variable. Descriptive and inferential tools were employed and the data was analyzed using Mann-Whitney U test to examine the existence or otherwise of the statically significant difference in each of the components of dependent variable. The outcome of the test showed that there is no significant deference in oil tax between pre and post finance act. However, there is significant difference in non- oil tax between pre and post finance act period. The study recommended that government should expand the tax base and ensure effective utilization of revenue of tax
FITTING AND FORECASTING MORTALITY TREND IN NIGERIA: AN APPLICATION OF THE LEE-CARTER MODEL
Get PDFABSTRACT
In a multi-ethnic and diverse country like Nigeria, which has inherent health system challenges, there is a need for timely and accurate mortality forecasts for effective resource allocation, and policy and social program design. This research, therefore, applies the Lee-Carter model to Nigerian mortality data which is a popular mortality prediction technique. The Model is modified due to Nigeria's structure comprising both rural and urban areas with different age geographic mortality rates. The research population consists of historical and projected mortality data for Nigeria from 12/31/1950 to 12/31/2100, obtained from the United Nations (UN) data bank. The final dataset was split into two subsets: the training set (from 1952 to 2023) and the validation set (from 2024 to 2100). This split allowed for accurate performance evaluation of the models on unseen data. The study predicts mortality trends in Nigeria using the Lee-Carter model and its variations, such as ARIMA, SARIMAX, and Gradient Boosting Regressor (GBR). The Lee-Carter Model with Gradient Boosting Regressor (GBR) model significantly outperformed the other two models with an exceptionally low MSE of 4.25e-06
Editorial
No full textPresent-day Nigeria has been variously characterised as infernal, hellish, grueling and as danse macabre on account, principally, of the insupportable socio-economic hardships Nigerians are going through amid official apathy and criminal dereliction of duty. Despite this, there is an overwhelming efflorescence of creative activity, especially the production and reception of verse. This study, examines and maps the trajectory of Nigerian poetry from the oral beginnings through the various generational cohorts to the present, highlighting the rise and rise of verse-making in Nigeria. But it is not all about quantity but, more important, the quality of written poetry coming out of Nigeria today. The fate and fortune of digitally-mediated verse are also interrogated in this study even as the work periscopes the likely tramlines of verse in the future. It concludes that, given the incredible amount of poetry being produced across the nation, accompanied by the equally impressive efforts of the Nigerian Diaspora, the future of Nigerian poetry is bright
EFFECTIVE STRATEGIES FOR HUMAN RESOURCE RISK MANAGEMENT IN NIGERIA
No full textThis study examined the challenges and strategies of managing human resource risks in Nigeria. It identified key types of HR risks including financial constraints, corruption, poor infrastructure, and weak enforcement of labour laws. The research explored how these factors hinder effective HR risk management in Nigerian organizations. Institutional challenges such as lack of government support and unclear policies were also discussed. Internal organizational problems like a shortage of skilled HR staff and management resistance were examined. The study reviewed possible solutions like advocating for HR budgets, partnering with training groups, and conducting HR audits. The discussion showed that many Nigerian companies struggle due to lack of funding and poor policy implementation. The research highlighted the importance of innovation and strategy to overcome these barriers. Proactive HR risk management was shown to be essential for protecting workers and improving business outcomes. Recommendations included urging organisations to invest in HR risk management tools and encourage cooperation between HR and legal departments. The need for national policy reviews and continuous training for HR professionals was also stressed. Thus, the study contributed to understanding how Nigerian organisations can better handle HR risks through clear strategies and support. This will help improve employee safety and organizational performance
PSYCHO-EMOTIONAL FACTORS AS PREDICTORS OF ACADEMIC ADJUSTMENT OF HIGH ABILITY LEARNERS IN SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN THE SOUTH-WEST OF NIGERIA
No full textThis study investigated the influence of four psycho-emotional variables (academic self-efficacy, academic self-concept, emotional intelligence, and locus of control) as predictors of academic adjustment among high ability learners in secondary schools in the South-west of Nigeria. A total of 165 respondents were selected from private and public secondary schools using a multistage sampling technique. Six instruments for data collection included: Slosson Intelligence Test, Academic Adjustment Scale, Academic Self-efficacy Scale, Academic Self-concept Scale, Emotional Intelligence Scale, and the Locus of Control Scale. Backward regression was used to identify the variables that contribute most to academic adjustment. The results revealed that there was a positive and significant correlation between the independent variables and academic adjustment of high ability learners. Academic self-efficacy has the highest contribution to academic adjustment (R = 0.538, p < 0.001). Academic self-efficacy was also identified as the most useful variable for predicting adjustment and it accounted for 29% of the variance in academic adjustment. Therefore, high ability learners should be encouraged to put in more effort to improve rather than rely on their innate ability alone as ability without effort can impede their maximum academic adjustment
IMPACT OF DRIVERS’ BEHAVIOUR ON WORK-RELATED ROAD TRAFFIC ACCIDENTS: A CASE STUDY OF THE UNIVERSITY OF LAGOS
Get PDFThe study focuses on the impact of drivers’ behaviors that lead to accidents at the University of Lagos, Akoka. It looks at the trend in accidents based on the rate of occurrence as well as the relationship that exists between accidents and traffic flow within the campus. The work adopted secondary data and primary data. Trend analysis was used to show the accident rate between 2014 and 2014. The study was able to discover that the accident rate within the campus over the space of 10 years was −99.99% which decreased to over 92% between 2014 and 2024. The study also found that the outcome of accidents based on human factors (human behavior, depression, etc) stands at 79% among other factors. Major points of accident frequency were identified in which the new hall and its environs (fuel station, roundabout, new hall shopping complex) have the highest record of accident occurrence. Finally, the study concludes that the standard safety measure for driving within Unilag should be in adherence with what is operating at both the state and local government level