1116 research outputs found
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Aláhoro Factor in the New Ọyọ History
No full textScholarly analyses of the collapse of the Òyó Empire and the foundation of New Òyó have largely overlooked the Aláhoro factor, making its role in New Òyó's emergence an understudied area of history. This article examines the status of Aláhoro within the context of New Òyó history and explores the rationale for the integration of the Aláhoro towns. It interrogates the methods of this integration, highlighting the socio-economic contributions of the Aláhoro towns to the development of New Òyó. Adopting a historical methodology, the study relies on both primary and secondary data. Primary sources include oral accounts collected from representatives of the Aláhoro quarters, while secondary data are sourced from court proceedings, government documents, books, and journals on Òyó history. Findings reveal that, contrary to claims of forced annexation or conquest (e.g., by Johnson), the Aláhoro towns were integrated into New Òyó primarily through persuasion
Re-thinking Traditions of Origin and State Formation in Ikorodu up to 1894
No full textAs is the case with most towns in Yorubaland, the tradition of origin and migration stories of the coastal community of Ikorodu is shrouded in controversy, making it difficult for historians to categorically state its origin. As a result, historians have not yet concretised their views about the possible place of origin of the Ikorodu people. While efforts have been made to make meaningful deductions from a large body of oral data, findings from such efforts have led to several versions of how the community and her people came into existence. Extant literature on the tradition of origin of Ikorodu focused on one version over the other. The state formation of the community has not received quality attention from scholars, a situation which has created a vacuum in the historiography of Ikorodu’s history. This paper interrogates the various versions of the traditions of origin of Ikorodu. It draws inferences to settle certain fundamental historical issues. It examines the formation of the state up to 1894, when Ikorodu was ceded to the British, and highlights the features of state formation before the period. This paper adopts a simple historical narrative method, relying on information from in-depth interviews, archived materials and secondary sources. The paper concludes that Ikorodu community had long established structures of state and evolved its own mechanism of governance before the coming of the British
Social Deprivation in Tony Nwaka’s "Lords of The Creek" and Tanure Ojaide’s "The Activist"
No full textThis paper analyzes the impact of corruption on environmental management in the Niger-Delta region of Nigeria, drawing on existing literature, specifically Tony Nwaka’s “Lords of the Creek” and Tanure Ojaide’s “The Activist”. Adopting Marxism as its theoretical framework, the study highlights the corruption depicted in these prose works. Findings indicate that corruption contributes significantly to environmental degradation in the region. Furthermore, the evident class structure—where the marginalized proletariat grapple with poverty, illness, and death from oil spillages, while the bourgeoisie oppress them—fuels social depravity, leading to vices like kidnapping and subsequent conflict. The study concludes that corruption has grave consequences for the environmental management of the Niger Delta, fostering various vices. It further concludes that the oppression stemming from the class structure provokes the marginalized proletariat to engage in counter-attacks and vices as a means of seeking justice and reclaiming their legitimate benefits
City Diplomacy: The Role of the Creative Economy in Urban Development in Africa
No full textThrough the lens of city diplomacy, this study examines the role of the creative economy in urban development within African cities. With urbanization rapidly transforming African cities into dynamic economic hubs, they face challenges such as unemployment, infrastructure deficits and social inequality. City diplomacy, the active engagement of cities in international partnerships, allows these urban centres to address local issues while positioning themselves as influential players on the global stage. This study employs urban informality and city diplomacy theories to explore how African cities harness the creative economy — including sectors such as arts, media, design, and culture — as a panacea to sustainable growth, social cohesion and cultural revitalization. Through thematic analysis of case studies, the research demonstrates the creative economy’s impact on economic diversification, job creation, and tourism. Findings reveal that city diplomacy, when integrated with creative industries, not only strengthens international collaborations but also promotes cultural exchange, technological innovation and resilience in African cities. The study concludes that there is a need for strategic city diplomacy to elevate African cities as key cultural and economic hubs that can contribute more meaningfully to the global economy while advancing sustainable urban development. It is recommended that African city governments should implement supportive policy frameworks, invest in creative infrastructure and foster public-private partnerships to maximize the creative economy’s potential. Additionally, digital platforms and cultural exchanges are essential for boosting the global visibility of African cities and the sustainability of the creative industries
Institutional Failures in Risk Allocation: A Systematic Review of Affordable Housing PPP Projects in Africa
No full textAffordable housing implementation remains a persistent challenge in Africa. Due to inadequate public finance, rapid urbanisation, and weak organisational capacity, public-private partnerships (PPPs) have largely been adopted as a premeditated strategy to increase housing supply for low- to middle-income earners. Despite its relevance, the implementation of these partnerships is often weakened by ailing risk allocation mechanisms across Africa cities. This study aims to review the role of risk allocation mechanisms in influencing the successes and failures of PPP affordable housing projects in Africa. Specifically, the study situates these risks into three: operational, legal, and financial risk. Furthermore, the study assesses how these risk affects the successes and failures of PPP affordable housing projects in Africa. Leveraging on institutional theory, the study used a systematic review based on PRISMA guidelines. The study selected peer-reviewed published articles from Web of Science and Scopus between 2015 and 2025. Out of 956 articles retrieved on affordable housing, 38 articles met the inclusion criteria, with a thematic focus on affordable housing PPPs, risk allocation, and affordable housing project successes and failures. The study found that operational mismanagement, ineffective legal frameworks, and financial uncertainties were critical drivers of affordable housing PPPs across Africa. Case studies revealed that Ethiopia and Rwanda employed innovative risk allocation approaches, whereas Ghana, Cameroon, and Nigeria struggled with enforcement gaps, political interference, and institutional misalignment. The study recommends that for emerging economies, the active institutional work across all three dimensions is essential not only to prevent systemic failure but also to construct the foundational capabilities necessary for sustained PPP success
SECURING THE INSECURED FOOD IN SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA – POVERTY AND INSECURITY ALBASTROSS
No full textThis study examined the impact of poverty and insecurity on food security in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). In spite of the abundance of diverse resources in SSA across the continent, most nations in the SSA are wallowing in abject poverty. Studies have reported a dehumanising poverty rate comprising high inflation, high costs of food prices, and economic hardship with a greater percentage of the populace living far below the poverty line on poverty index indicators. This study employed qualitative research design involving phenomenological approach in investigating the root cause of the contributory factors to food insecurity in SSA, to gain an in-depth understanding of the experiences of citizens as variables of the study. Purposive sampling as convenience sampling technique was employed in collecting data from different categories of citizens through Key Informant Interview on poverty, insecurity and food security issues by direct contacts and Google form circulation on social media platforms among public servants, traders, farmers, transporters, artisans, and food vendors. In all, 67 participants that consented to participate in the study (28 male and 39 female respondents) were enlisted in the study. Findings from the study revealed prevalence of food insecurity, poverty and insecurity as drivers of food insecurity in SSA. It is therefore incumbent on stakeholders to address squarely the issue of poverty and security related issues
ASSESSING THE ROLE OF PARENTAL INVOLVEMENT IN ENHANCING LITERACY SKILLS ACQUISITION AMONG NURSERY 11 PUPILS’: A CASE STUDY OF AKOKA NURSERY & PRIMARY SCHOOL, LAGOS
No full textThe study assesses the role of Parental involvement in enhancing Literacy Skills Acquisition among Nursery 11 Pupils: A Case Study of Akoka Nursery & Primary School, Lagos. The design of the study was a survey. The population for the study was the parents of Nursery 11 pupils. A random sampling method was adopted to select 50 parents of the above children. Four research questions were raised for the study. A structured twenty-two (22) questionnaire items were generated for the study. Frequency, Mean, and Standard deviation were used to analyse the data collected. The findings of the study showed that Parental involvement is expected to have a positive impact on Nursery 11 pupils' literacy skills acquisition, Parents who are more involved in their children's education, such as through reading activities, homework assistance, and school-based involvement, are likely to have children with better literacy skills, Parents' engagement in literacy activities at home, such as reading with their children is expected to be a significant predictor of pupils' literacy skills acquisition. Regular communication between parents and children about school-related matters is likely to positively impact pupils' literacy development. Parents' educational levels, occupational status, and financial resources may influence their ability to be involved in their children's education. It was recommended that Parents should engage in literacy activities with their children, such as reading together, discussing books, and encouraging storytelling. Parents can create a literacy-rich home environment by providing access to books, magazines, and other literacy materials. Teachers should foster partnerships with parents through regular communication, providing updates on children's literacy progress, and involving parents in literacy activities. Teachers can provide parents with literacy resources and strategies to support their children's literacy development
Land Degradation in Nigeria: An Exploration of the Regulatory Framework for Land Resources Management in Ogun State
No full textGlobally, the management of land resources for sustainable human development has been a herculean task. In Nigeria, inefficient management of land resources, leading to land degradation, has become a major environmental issue. This phenomenon manifests as the deterioration of soil quality, deforestation, desertification and loss of biodiversity as induced by the activities of local actors. Playing key roles in the land-use and degradation process are stakeholders such as community leaders, farmers, local government, and herders. In the face of inadequate land-use knowledge, conflict of interest and lack of functional regulations, these stakeholders engage in frequently unwholesome activities that negatively impact the land. Regrettably, current regulatory policies on land resources are weakened by ambiguity and a top-down approach that ignores the input and cooperation of the local communities who are most affected by land degradation. Thus, this study investigated the extent of involvement of local actors in the utilization of land resources vis-à-vis land degradation in Nigeria, focusing on the functionality of institutional regulations for managing the challenges of land degradation. The study adopted mixedmethods research design incorporating a questionnaire and an interview guide. For the selection of respondents and participants, the researcher utilized the purposive and snowball) sampling techniques. The data was analysed through descriptive analysis and content analysis. It was found that land degradation has persisted in Ogun State, Nigeria mainly because of ineffective government regulation of the activities of local actors in the utilization of the country’s land resources. Accordingly, it is recommended that government should strengthen its institutional framework on land use and management by designing functional and people-centric land policies while mitigating the effects of land degradation
Improved Finite Difference Methods for Solving Second-Order Boundary Value Problems of Ordinary Differential Equations Using Chebyshev Polynomials
No full textIn this paper, two advance numerical techniques for solving second-order boundary value problems in ordinary differential equations (ODEs) are presented. The first method, the ChebyshevFinite Difference Method (CFDM), which enhances the traditional Finite Difference Methodby utilizing Chebyshev Polynomials as basis functions, resulting in improved computationalperformance. The second method developed is the Perturbed Chebyshev Finite DifferenceMethod (Perturbed CFDM), which incorporates perturbation techniques to further enhancethe accuracy and efficiency of the method. Both methods were applied to homogeneous andnon-homogeneous linear boundary value problems, with numerical results demonstrating thatthe Perturbed CFDM significantly outperforms both standard CFDM and the traditional finitedifference method in terms of accuracy and computational efficiency. These findings establishthe Perturbed CFDM as a powerful and reliable tool for solving boundary value problems. Allcomputations were carried out using MATLAB, ensuring accurate approximation and numerical solutions of the tested problems
Schwartz Space and Radial Distribution on the Euclidean Motion Group
No full textLet G = R2 ⋊T be the Euclidean motion group and let K(λ, t) = I0(λ)δ(t) be a distribution on G, where I0(λ) is the Bessel function of order zero and δ(t) is the Dirac measure on SO(2) ∼ = T, the circle group. In this work, it is proved, among other things, that the distribution K(λ, t) is tempered, positive definite, bounded and radial. Further more, a description of temperature function on G ,realised as the positive definite solution of the Laplace-Beltrami operator on SE(2), is presente