International Journal of Cognitive Research in Science, Engineering and Education (IJCRSEE)
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Educational Challenges of Roma Minorities: The Case of the Republic of North Macedonia
Get PDFLinguistic diversity comes in various forms. The most common ways of developing knowledge of more than one language according to some authors are either by learning a second language through participation in some form of bilingual education or being raised in a bilingual environment, such as school or a bilingual family. The phenomenon of development of literacy competencies of minority groups, specifically, the context of Roma people, in the Republic of North Macedonia, whose mother tongue is not even considered a standard language is the main research purpose of this paper. Research conducted in comparative studies on integrated education shows that in the elementary schools with high numbers of Roma students actions are rarely taken to enhance the integration of these minority students, because of 1) the lack of iconography, which is important for the ethnic identity of this minority and 2) low competence level of parents and teachers who are not adequately trained to work with students coming from different linguistic backgrounds or social backgrounds that are characterized by low literacy levels and low learning competences. Participants in this study were from several primary schools in North Macedonia and the responses were categorized according to the major themes that occurred. The findings show how women are excluded from obtaining better education and that multilingual children from deprived economic settings with poorly educated parents struggle and are seriously challenged to obtain proper literacy and education in elementary schools. The study reveals important details about the educational legislation, treatment of Roma people by local and international organizations and provides suggestions for improvement of the current status of the Roma population
The Evaluation of Primary School Teacher Role on Research Activities
Get PDFMany primary education programs, including the updated educational program in Kazakhstan, involve the creation and implementation of thematic units to prepare younger students for research activities. This approach is reflected in the integrated method of teaching and learning in primary classes. However, in cases where the research-based pedagogical approach is not used, it has become an urgent problem because it cannot meet the interest of students. Therefore, this article intends to study theoretical works on the preparation of primary school students for research, conduct experimental work on a small experimental site, and consider specific results. In theoretical terms, such works as content analysis, synthesis, generalization, survey, and diagnostics were organized. Analyzing the experimental work on the stages of identification and formation. Based on methodological materials to prepare students for research, we offer percentages
TRUST AS A COGNITIVE BASE OF SOCIAL COHESION IN THE UNIVERSITY COMMUNITIES
Get PDFThe present article continues the cycle of the cognitive researches of the phenomenon of social cohesion in education, in particular, in the university communities. It contains the cognitive research of trust and its foundation as the central focus of social cohesion. The purpose of the study is to identify the level of trust which is connected with the social cohesion in university communities, to test the author’s questionnaire and to determinate the further steps for the trust enhancement in the educational community. Methods that were used in the study are the author’s questionnaire, math analytics etc. There were 196 people interviewed in both universities, among them 31 employees and 85 students of the National Pedagogical Dragomanov University and 33 employees and 47 students of the National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine. According to the research results, the level of trust in each university community (as well as in common) was average, excluding some indicators. Although there were some differences between levels of trust of employees of these universities. We can assume that the quite sufficient average level or trust positively characterizes the attitude of employees and students to each other, reflects their readiness for mutual respect and support, acceptance of differences and tolerance etc. Also, the research highlights weak points of social interactions that form the base for further investigations and actions on the social cohesion development
EVALUATION OF COGNITIVE FUNCTIONS, PERSONALITY AND REGULATORY SPHERE IN MINORS WITH DEVIANT AND DELINQUENT BEHAVIOR WITHIN THE AUTHORITY OF THE PSYCHOLOGICAL, MEDICAL AND EDUCATIONAL COMMITTEE
Get PDFEducation of children and adolescents with special needs due to health problems requires particular forms, conditions and assistance by pedagogues and psychologists. A psychological, medical and educational committee (PMEC) appoints a certain program of special education based on the complex evaluation of the psychic state and (dis)abilities of the child. In 2013, inclusion of children and adolescents with deviant behavior in the competence of PMEC became a new challenge for their traditional activities. Development of recommendations for special educational programs aiming at deviant behavior prevention differs greatly from their original tasks, requires comprehensive psychological evaluation, better psychodiagnostic skills and knowledge of various ways of subsequent work with children. The problems arising and ways of their solution are discussed in the article
GNOSTIC EMOTIONS OF STUDENTS IN SOLVING OF THINKING TASKS
Get PDFThe paper presents the results of an empirical study of the emotional characteristics of students when solving thinking problems. The study used an experiment that simulates a students’ collaborative solution to the puzzle-doing problem. To study emotional variables, we used the method of B.I. Dodonov for determination of the general emotional orientation. To investigate feelings experienced by students, we used the method of K. Isard. According to the authors, the following types of general emotional orientation (with decrease) are dominated among students: altruistic, communicative, and mixed types. All students showed the dominance of emotions of interest, joy and surprise under the decision processes, regardless of the emotional type of personali-ty. It was revealed that under the processes of solving thinking problems, students with the dominance of various types of emo-tional orientation showed a different ratio of emotions. Four strategies of solving thinking problems were identified, which are characterized by the representation of various emotions
Creativity Formation in the Context of Social and Psychological Adaptation of Preschoolers Aged 5-6 Years
Get PDFThe aim of the research is to analyze the creativity manifestation in the early stages of ontogenesis; to verify the relationship between creative abilities and social adaptation of preschoolers. The importance of the topic under consideration is determined by the fact that preschoolers’ childhood is the main sensitive period for the formation of creativity as the person’s adaptive re-source. The deficiency of development during this period cannot be compensated later. The examination of the creative abilities of 115 children aged 5-6 years has been conducted. Based on the total result of seven subtests Torrance Tests of Creative Thinking, three groups of children have been distinguished. They include children with high (N=20), medium (N=79), and low (N=16) creative potential. Data on behavior have been collected from 142 parents and 24 teachers who supervised children during communication situations. The adaptation of preschoolers have been analyzed on three sides: as a set of individual be-havioral reactions conditioning cooperation with the environment (A questionnaire of children’s temperament Thomas and Chess); as a social competency – skills in communication with children and adults (expert assessments of teachers based on the open structured supervision), and as an emotional adaptation to life situations (the projective technique of anxiety diagnostics “Choose a face”). In all cases, children with high creative potential demonstrated particular differences. The positive reaction of “approaching” in response to new stimuli, a low sensory threshold, and high speed of adaptation to the change of external terms are a typological profile of a “creative” temperament. Related problems of emotional reaction and the increased anxiety of pre-schoolers have been detected. The development of skills for social competence lags significantly in the group with a low level of creativity. The factorial structure of creative abilities, which presents three types of creativity (subject, verbal, and figurative), and three leading abilities (productivity, originality, and fluency) have been suggested. The particular parameters of creativity corre-late in different ways with the adaptability of preschoolers: the readiness is more successful, and originality is associated with disturbances of emotional regulation. In conclusion, creativity is presented as a natural condition for a child’s adaptation
Improve Teaching Capacity at Private Universities in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam According to AUN-QA
Get PDFThe purpose of this study was to develop an approach to assessing the potential of teachers for the possibility of introducing quality standards of the educational process according to AUN-QA in the higher education system of Vietnam. A survey of teachers and managers of 6 private universities in Ho Chi Minh City was carried out, aimed at assessing the quality of university teachers and their potential to AUN-QA standards. The number of respondents was 172 teachers and 42 managers of the studied universities. Evaluation of the survey responses was made on a 4-point Likert scale. Using the SPSS 22.0 software package, statistical processing of the results of the questionnaire survey of teachers was carried out. By means of questionnaires, an assessment of the need (urgency) and the possibility of implementing measures aimed at increasing the teaching potential was carried out. A pedagogical experiment was carried out, which involved the passage of training for teachers in order to increase the pedagogical potential: the development of the theoretical base and practical skills in the application of teaching methods, such as Teaching simulation, Teaching case studies, Learning project, Teaching by situation, Lecture, Problem solving, Teaching in groups, Practical methods, experiments, Training method, review. The experiment involved 61 teachers from Van Lang University. According to the results of the experiment, a statistically significant increase in the level of methodological knowledge of teachers and skills for their implementation was revealed. The results obtained are of practical importance and can serve as a basis for solving numerous problems of higher education in the country. They can also be used to improve the quality of educational services, the effectiveness of reforms in the education system of Vietnam
Occupational Burnout and its Relation to Academic Staff Performance at Al Ain University, college of education (evaluation study)
Get PDFThis study aims to identify the occupational burnout and its relation to teaching performance among Al Ain University (AAU) academic staff. The sample of the study consisted of 60 male and female teachers of Al Ain University First Directorate of Education. The researchers designed two tools for the study, represented in occupational burnout questionnaire for teachers and teaching performance questionnaire. The results show that teachers in the education college in AAU have a moderate level of occupational burnout. There are differences in the occupational burnout level for the favor of females, and differences in teaching experience for the favor of 10 years and more. The researchers ascribe this result to increased workloads and stress that female teachers face. Female teachers are more exposed to occupational burnout than male teachers because female teachers also face loads in connection with household and family concerns. There is as well an inverse relationship with statistical differences between occupational burnout level for teachers and their performance level. The study results in many recommendations and suggestions
COGNITIVE SCIENCE: FROM MULTIDISCIPLINARITY TO INTERDISCIPLINARITY
Get PDFCognitive science is a network of interrelated scientific disciplines engaged in researching human cognition and its brain mechanisms. The birth of cognitive science has been the result of numerous integrated processes. Cognitive science is made up of experimental psychology cognition, philosophy consciousness, neuroscience, cognitive anthropology, linguistics, computer science and artificial intelligence. In recent years, a number of other research areas have been added to the body of cognitive science. Among researchers there have been discussions about whether cognitive science is a separate research area or it consists of a series of specialized areas. In fact, the point at issue is whether cognitive science is still a multidisciplinary project or already an interdisciplinary one. P. Thagard believes that cognitive science has reached the level of interdisciplinarity and explains the advances in this area through the metaphor of “trading zones”. The success elements of cognitive science are: fruitful unification of scientific interests of cognitive science founders; organizational structure of the scientific community – universities, where a special interdisciplinary intellectual environment has been created; a large number of joint research projects supported by governments and business; integrated use of scientific methods and fundamental ideas. D. Sperber and J. Miller prefer to talk not about a unified cognitive science but cognitive sciences, i.e., the commonwealth of sciences working together on the study of a single object - human cognition, however, the extent of their interactive communication is still small. Thus, we should speak about multidisciplinarity rather than genuine interdisciplinarity of the joint research of separate sciences
Reflexive Competence in Metacognitive Monitoring of Learning Activity of HEI Students
Get PDFThe manuscript presented here reports the theoretical aspects of the concepts of reflexive competence and reflexivity, which is considered, in learning activities through a prism of metacognitive monitoring of HEI students. An essence of metacognitive monitoring and reflexive competence has been theoretically studied. The role of reflexive competence and its components in the process of metacognitive monitoring of the educational activities of students of HEIs has been described. Reflexive competence at the metacognitive level is viewed as a system of formed reflexive abilities, which ensures high productivity of the intellectual activity of the subject by activating the metacognitive resources that are necessary and organizing reflexive actions. The results of empirical research with the use of questionnaire “Reflexive skills (cognitive and metacognitive level scales) (O. Savchenko), Methodology “Reflexive strategies of task solution” (O. Savchenko and M. Makiienko), Metacogntive Awareness Inventory - MAI (G. Scraw and R. Dennison) and “Methodology of Self-Evaluation of Metacognitive Knowledge and Metacognitive Activeness” (M. Kashapov & Y. Skvortsova), and correlation analysis with the use of ANOVA analysis of variance and Spearmen’s rank correlation coefficient, have proved that student’s overconfidence can cause mistakes in the evaluation of the results of the work. Senior students have better indicators of reflexive skills at the metacognitive level and more sophisticated reflexive problem-solving strategies. Thus, the results indicate that senior students have a higher level of reflexive skills at the metacognitive and cognitive levels and a higher level of reflexive problem-solving strategies than the first- and second-year students