9814 research outputs found
Sort by
Human Trafficking in the ER: Will You Recognize the Signs?
Full text linkCurrent data reveals that 88% of human trafficking (HT) victims seek some form of health care while being trafficked. More specifically, 63% seek care in the emergency department setting (McAmis et al., 2022). A recent literature review indicates that regarding human trafficking and healthcare, there is a lack of awareness and knowledge on the issue. Healthcare team members often have little to no education or knowledge of potential signs and symptoms of a victim in a trafficking situation. The purpose of this DNP project was to increase healthcare staff knowledge of human trafficking (HT) and, more specifically, nurses in an emergency department setting
A Mentoring Program\u27s Impact on International Teachers in a Rural School District
Full text linkThis dissertation is a program evaluation of a mentoring program’s impact on international teachers in a rural school district. The study aimed to investigate international teachers\u27 first-year mentoring experiences to determine if the program has an impact on helping international teachers transition to the community and school. Acculturation theory (Berry, 1980; Bunnell, 2020; Stasel, 2021) and culture shock (Oberg, 1960; McCluskey, 2020) were identified as theoretical frameworks for the program evaluation. Quantitative data were collected from surveys and mentor log rubric analysis, and qualitative data were collected from interview transcripts. According to data analysis, the program had a significant impact on providing international teachers with pedagogical support helping ease the transition to the U.S. classroom. To increase program effectiveness, the study recommends that future implementers review the program to identify systemic gaps that exist between the partner agencies and the district to ensure the fundamental needs of international teachers are met upon arriving in the U.S.; realign the program activities and tasks to include an extended adjustment period for international teachers and provide cultural understanding and adaptation training for international and mentor teachers to minimize culture shock and to support successful acculturation
Patellar vs Hamstring Grafts for ACL Reconstruction
Full text linkAbstract
Introduction: The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is one of the most common injuries in orthopedic medicine, resulting in 400,000 reconstructions every year in the United States. Bone-Patellar Tendon-Bone (BPTB) and Hamstring Tendon (HT) grafts are the most common graft types used. The objective of this review is to compare HT grafts and BPTB grafts when it comes to return to sport, returning to pre-injury level, and overall long-term functional outcomes.
Methods: A complete search was conducted using Pub Med to look for randomized controlled trials (RCTs), systematic reviews, and meta-analyses on HT vs BPTB grafts. The variables studied were return to sport, knee stability, and graft failure rates. The search was narrowed down to five articles that were chosen for clinical review.
Results: The results were mixed for the five studies reviewed. Hamstring grafts showed a small increase of graft failure rates but were correlated with less anterior knee pain compared to Patellar tendon grafts (BPTB). The BPTB grafts displayed an increased risk for osteoarthritis (OA) and anterior knee pain. The BPTB grafts also showed better knee stability compared to HT in the studies reviewed. The outcomes for returning to preinjury levels for exercise were similar for both HT and BPTB grafts.
Discussion: This review did not show a clear advantage from using one graft over the other for ACL reconstruction. The decision to use HT or BPTB needs to be determined based off of a patient’s activity level and preference. The long-term complications of each graft should also be considered during the decision process. Additional research is needed to clearly define the superior graft type in regard to return to sport, reinjury, and long-term stability
Aspirin Use for the Prevention of Preeclampsia: A Clinical Update
Full text linkIntroduction: Preeclampsia is a serious and deadly complication in pregnancy that affects thousands of women every year. The purpose of this clinical review is to analyze the efficacy of aspirin therapy to prevent the occurrence of preeclampsia in high-risk pregnancies.
Methods: PubMed was searched using the key terms “pregnant,” aspirin, “high-risk,” preeclampsia, and “prevention”. Operators and filters narrowed results to 21 quality articles with 5 relevant to the topic for review.
Results: One article is an RCT comparing the prevention of preeclampsia with aspirin therapy to no therapy. Four articles are meta-analyses of multiple RCTs. Three of the five articles reviewed recommend aspirin therapy to reduce the incidence of preeclampsia. Two articles state there is no significant difference with aspirin therapy.
Discussion: After analysis of the reviewed articles, the results are mixed on aspirin use to prevent preeclampsia in high-risk pregnancies. More research is needed to solidify better recommendations and guidelines to improve patient safety regarding preeclampsia preventio
The Efficacy and Safety of Baricitinib in the Treatment of Alopecia Areata
Full text linkIntroduction: Alopecia Areata (AA) is an autoimmune disorder that causes inflammatory circular, coin-shaped patches of hair loss on the scalp and other body parts. Baricitinib, a Janus Kinase (JAK) inhibitor, is a new medication approved for the treatment of AA. This review paper evaluates the effectiveness and safety of baricitinib in treating hair loss in patients with alopecia areata compared to no intervention.
Methods: The efficacy and safety of baricitinib in treating AA patients were evaluated by utilizing five (5) clinical articles, including randomized controlled trials, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses, sourced from PubMed.
Results: Baricitinib JAK inhibitor was shown to be safe and effective in treating AA when administrated orally at doses of 2 mg and 4 mg for continuous treatment. Some side effects were reported, including but not limited to headache, upper respiratory infection, and hyperlipidemia. At 52 weeks of therapy in the BRAVE-AA1 and BRAVE-AA2 studies, SALT scores of ≤ 20% scalp hair loss were achieved in patients with ≥ 50% scalp hair loss at baseline. Discontinuation of baricitinib treatment is associated with a high recurrence rate of 82.7%, indicating that it may require lifelong treatment.
Discussion: Baricitinib is determined to be an effective, safe, and superior treatment for patients with AA compared to no intervention. More research is needed to establish the maximum tolerated and therapeutic doses of baricitinib for treating AA, particularly by observing its long-term use and potential side effects
Session IA: Biology Presentation 1 - Seeing Beyond the Surface: Confocal Microscopy in Healthcare
No full textWill go over what confocal microscopy is and its application in the medical field, specifically for the early diagnosis of diabetes
‘I Don’t Know Which Fire to Put Out’: Exploring the Lived Experiences of First Year Teachers in Title I Schools
Full text linkFor many early childhood and elementary educators, the early years of their professional career can prove to be the most challenging. Not surprisingly, approximately 30% of teachers leave the classroom within the first five years (Sutcher, Darling-Hammond & Carver-Thomas, 2019). That rate is even higher (~50%) for teachers in Title I schools (Miller, 2018). Despite a plethora of research regarding the causes of teacher attrition, very little has been done to specifically investigate the experiences of beginning teachers in Title I schools. This study seeks to identify and document the factors that positively and negatively affect those experiences