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Co-Teaching: An Examination of How High School Teachers\u27 Perceptions Impact Collective Teaching Practices in One North Carolina District
Full text linkThis multiple-site case study investigated how high school teachers’ perceptions impacted their collective teaching practices. It also provided information on how and if the six models of co-teaching designed by Cook and Friend (1995) were being utilized. Qualitative data were gathered through surveys, observations, document analysis, and interviews with regular and special education teachers at four district high schools. Three key findings were determined. First, there was a lack of understanding of the six co-teaching models and how to incorporate them successfully. Second, based on observations, teachers only utilized one of the six models created by Friend. The third and final finding determined that there was a minimal but positive impact on students in the co-taught setting. The findings determined there needs to be more training provided for teachers involved in the co-teaching classroom in addition to being provided with a common planning time. Teachers must also be willing to collaborate with each other for co-teaching to be successful
The Implications of Student-Centered Design on High School Dropout: The Experience Through the Lens of Students At-Risk of Dropping Out
Full text linkThis qualitative study explores the implications of Student-Centered Design on high school completion, particularly for students identified as at risk of dropping out. Grounded in the theory of Student-Centered Design, this research examines how this approach serves as a scaffold for collaborative problem-solving in secondary education and addressing real-world challenges faced by students at-risk of dropping out.
The study uses a qualitative methodology, utilizing a survey and a focus group to gain insight from former students who experienced Student-Centered Design, as well as educators who implemented this approach. By analyzing participant feedback, the research evaluates the effectiveness of Student-Centered Design in supporting students and preventing dropping out. A four-part framework was utilized to systematically collect and analyze data.
Findings indicate that Student-Centered Design plays a pivotal role in enhancing student success and increasing the likelihood of high school completion, particularly for those at risk of dropping out. The results suggest that incorporating this approach into educational practices can lead to meaningful improvements in student outcomes by fostering engagement, motivation, and resilience
Enhancing Health Literacy Using Video Education and the Teach-Back Method for Hypertension and Diabetes Mellitus Type 2
Full text linkDiabetes type 2 and hypertension are chronic illnesses that have both physical and psychological impacts on an individual. Primary care providers play an important role in the management of chronic illness, specifically type 2 diabetes and hypertension. Changing behavior with a commitment to compliance with the treatment plan and living a healthy lifestyle can decrease disease complications for both diabetes and hypertension. With the use of educational videos and the teach-back method to confirm understanding of disease management, the goal of this quality improvement project was to contribute to positive health and lifestyle change for patients, their caregivers, clinical staff, and the community by improving the health and self-management of patients with diabetes and hypertension
Afrofuturism–It\u27s A Different World: Exploring Tools for Culturally Relevant Black Student Leadership Development
Full text linkThis dissertation explored culturally relevant strategies for Black student leadership development within university multicultural centers, focusing specifically on student leaders affiliated with Black identity-based organizations. Conducted in partnership with a large public land-grant university in the United States Midwest, this study recognizes that traditional student leadership development programs often fail to address the varied cultural realities of Black students. A mixed methods sequential explanatory design approach was used, combining survey data with qualitative interviews and analyzed using a phenomenological lens. Guided by the McKinsey 7S Framework, this study identified strengths and gaps in organizational strategy, structure, systems, style, staff, skills, and shared values. The conceptual framework included Afrofuturism, which imagines equitable futures through a Black cultural lens, and the context, input, process, product (CIPP) evaluation model to propose practical leadership development solutions. Findings revealed that student organizations possessed strong organizational structure, strategy, and systems but lacked consistent training and evaluation mechanisms to ensure leadership preparedness. Leadership transitions occurred without standardized onboarding or skills assessment, often leaving new officers underprepared. The implications of these findings suggest that effective leadership development for Black student organizations must move beyond generic models and intentionally incorporate culturally relevant pedagogies. The study recommended the implementation of a structured leadership curriculum grounded in Afrofuturist principles, emphasizing imagination, liberation, and self-determination. This approach not only aligns with the lived experiences of Black students but also offers a scalable framework that may benefit other historically underrepresented student populations
Impact of Tranexamic Acid on Patient Outcomes in Intracranial Hemorrhage: A Review
Full text linkIntroduction: Intracranial hemorrhage is a medical emergency that remains a significant source of death and disability for patients globally. Tranexamic acid has shown promise in treating trauma related bleeding loss in various settings. This study aims to evaluate its role in the management of intracranial hemorrhages.
Methods: A review of data in the PubMed National Library of Medicine was conducted to find relevant and reputable studies related to this topic. Using the search “tranexamic acid AND intracranial hemorrhage*” and the following filters: last 5 years, free full text, English language, including RCTs, meta-analyses, and systematic reviews, 13 results were yielded. After review, 4 articles were selected.
Results: Among patients treated within 3 hours of injury, the risk of head injury related death decreased from 19.8% in the placebo group to 18.5% in the TXA group. In addition, the risk of head injury related death was reduced in patients with mild to moderate head injury who received TXA but not in patients with severe head injury. Fewer patients had hematoma expansion in the TXA group than in the placebo group as well as a decreased risk of rebleeding. None of the studies showed a decrease in long term mortality with TXA therapy.
Discussion: The data shows that the therapeutic window for TXA is limited to those who present soon after the initial insult and have less severe symptoms. While reduction in hematoma expansion and rebleeding provides a potential role for TXA in the management of ICH, no change in long term mortality ultimately means more studies looking at adjunct or alternative therapies are needed in the future
Reduced Risk of Necrotizing Enterocolitis with Breastfeeding
Full text linkAbstract
Introduction: Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a life-threatening disease in infants that causes direct damage to the intestines and requires emergent treatment. The purpose of this clinical review is to analyze the prevention of NEC in preterm neonates with breastfeeding.
Methods: PubMed was searched using a specific search strategy using the key terms “breast,” “feed,” “formula,” “necrotizing,” and “enterocolitis.” Operators and filters applied narrowed the results to 4 quality articles for review.
Results: One RCT, and two meta-analyses, reviewed had a reduction in the development of necrotizing enterocolitis among breastfed neonates. One randomized noninferiority trial totaling 123 neonates did not favor breastfeeding, but the results were not statistically significant. All studies used a 95% Confidence Interval (CI) and p-values of P\u3c0.05.
Discussion: The articles reviewed in this study supported breastfeeding in reducing the development of necrotizing enterocolitis in preterm neonates. The studies reviewed had several limitations. Further research is needed to replicate these results
Efficacy of Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy on Diabetic Foot Ulcer Healing
Full text linkIntroduction: Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) are a serious complication of diabetes, associated with high morbidity, recurrence, and amputation, driving up healthcare costs. While standard care includes topical treatments and debridement, hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) has emerged as a promising adjunct. This study evaluates HBOT’s efficacy in enhancing DFU healing based on current clinical evidence.
Methods: A PubMed search using the terms ((Hyperbaric oxygenation*) AND (Diabetic foot*)) AND ( Wound Healing ) returned 226 results. After filtering for recent articles (2019-2024), nine were reviewed, with five selected for analysis.
Results: The studies reviewed demonstrated significant improvements in wound healing outcomes with the use of HBOT. One study conducted a multicenter, randomized control trial to compare the effectiveness of hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) as an adjunct to conventional wound care in treating chronic diabetic foot ulcers. Meta-analyses by two other studies confirmed that HBOT reduced healing time, increased healing rates, and decreased major amputation risks. However, a couple studies also noted increased adverse events associated with HBOT. Despite these adverse events, the overall benefits in wound healing and reduction in major amputation rates were substantial.
Discussion: Evidence supports HBOT as an effective adjunct for DFUs, particularly in severe cases. However, increased adverse events highlight the need for careful risk-benefit consideration. Future research should aim to refine HBOT protocols, target ideal candidates, and reduce risks to maximize its clinical effectiveness in DFU management
Letrozole vs Clomiphene Citrate for Treating Anovulation in Women with PCOS
Full text linkIntroduction: Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder affecting women of reproductive age, often leading to infertility. First line treatment for ovulation induction is currently clomiphene citrate, a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM), but some patients with PCOS have become resistant. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate if letrozole is a safe and effective alternative to clomiphene citrate for ovulation induction in women with PCOS.
Methods: PubMed was searched with a specific search strategy using key terms “letrozole,” “clomiphene citrate,” and “PCOS”. Operators and filters narrowed the results to 3 relevant and quality articles for review.
Results: One study demonstrated that letrozole offered fewer days in-between menstruation and ovulation. Two other studies found that letrozole offered clinically significant higher rates of pregnancy (P \u3c .05). One study followed up on live birth rates and found letrozole significantly had higher rates than its counterpart clomiphene citrate.
Discussion: In 3 studies, there was an overall agreement that letrozole is just as effective and safe in the treatment of ovulation induction in women with PCOS. Letrozole resulted in higher pregnancy and live birth rates when compared to the use of clomiphene citrate. Letrozole also resulted in shorter time to ovulation and comparable safety to clomiphene citrate, making it an effective alternative for treatment for anovulation in women with PCOS. However, further studies with larger sample sizes are necessary to confirm these findings
Brain On Drugs: The Rewarding and Punishing Effects of Addiction and Relapse
No full textAddiction is a multidimensional disorder that is heavily influenced by behavior, biology, and social interaction. These factors work together to make addiction persist and make relapse easier. Three major models of addiction are explored--behaviorism, biology, and social learning theory, which all contribute to the understanding of addiction, and their respective treatments can be individual, and when integrated. Behavior models highlight how conditioning and reinforcement contribute to addiction, while biological studies focus on dopamine changes in the brain that alter other areas of brain chemistry. Social learning theories add to the environmental cue associations that behaviorism mentions briefly. The implications that these theories have when integrated are studied and emphasize the importance of creating a personal treatment and prevention plan based on the combination of these three theories
Solutions to Building Consistent and Sustainable Youth Ministry Programming
No full textThis mixed methods convergent study explored strategies for building consistency and sustainability in Baptist youth ministry programming, with a particular focus on the AFC Youth Ministry. Guided by Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs (Hitt et al., 2018) and Senge’s (2006) Systems Thinking approach, the study addressed three key research questions: What needs are youth seeking to meet that lead them to join a Baptist church youth ministry? What programming can AFC Baptist Church’s youth ministry provide to youth that would promote retention of the youth in the youth ministry? What are the best practices in delivering programming to youth in a Baptist church youth ministry? Quantitative data were collected through surveys of youth, parents, and church leaders, while qualitative data were gathered via interviews and open-ended survey responses. Findings revealed that consistent communication, structured leadership, mission-oriented activities, age-appropriate programming, and family engagement significantly contribute to program sustainability. The study highlighted the need for systems-based leadership models and developmental frameworks that address both the foundational needs of youth and the organizational dynamics of the church. Based on the study’s findings, eight targeted recommendations and a 3-year action plan were proposed to guide the AFC church leadership toward a more holistic and effective youth ministry. The research contributes to the limited body of scholarship on youth ministry in predominantly African American Baptist contexts and calls for further investigation into socioeconomic, spiritual, and structural factors influencing youth ministry involvement in the post-pandemic era