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WITHIN- AND BETWEEN-SESSION RELIABILITY OF PELVIC MARKER PLACEMENT AND POSTURE IN LOWER-LIMB AMPUTEES
No full textBACKGROUND: Accurate placement of anatomical markers is essential for valid three-dimensional (3D) gait analysis, yet individuals with lower-limb amputation (LLA) pose unique challenges due to altered anatomy, prosthetic interfaces, and increased adiposity.
OBJECTIVE: This study assessed within- and between-session reliability of pelvis marker placement and static posture kinematics in adults with unilateral LLA.
METHODOLOGY: Fourteen adults with unilateral LLA (age: 58 ± 15 years, height: 174.6 ± 7.5 cm, body mass: 91.1 ± 27.7 kg, BMI: 29.6 ± 7.5 kg/m²; eleven transtibial, three transfemoral) participated in two sessions spaced 3–13 months apart. Reliability of marker distances and static posture kinematics were assessed using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) and standard error of measurement (SEM).
FINDINGS: Within-session reliability of pelvis marker distances was good to excellent (ICC ≥ 0.78), whereas between-session reliability was lower (ICC as low as 0.14), particularly for posterior superior iliac spine markers. Pelvis kinematics demonstrated moderate reliability within sessions (average ICC ≈ 0.71), but trunk kinematics showed poor reliability. SEM values were low (<5°), suggesting acceptable absolute consistency despite variable ICCs, likely driven by postural changes and prosthetic factors.
CONCLUSION: Findings support reliable pelvis marker placement within sessions but highlight challenges for longitudinal consistency. Multiple trial collections and standardised posture protocols are recommended to improve long-term reliability.
Layman\u27s Abstract
Accurately placing small reflective markers on the body is very important for correctly measuring how people move during three-dimensional (3D) gait (walking) analysis. However, this can be more difficult in people with lower-limb amputations (LLA) because their anatomy is different, they use artificial limbs, and body shapes can vary. This study looked at how consistently these markers can be placed on the pelvis in adults with unilateral LLA. Fourteen adults participated in two sessions spaced 3–13 months apart. We assessed the consistency of the marker positions comparing them within and between sessions. We found that pelvis marker placement was quite reliable when tested in the same session, but less consistent between sessions, especially for markers placed on the back of the pelvis. The overall body posture and trunk positions also varied more between sessions. Even so, the size of the differences was small, meaning that the results were still fairly reliable to extract information about the motion. Findings support reliable pelvis marker placement within sessions but highlight challenges across longer time periods. Multiple trial collections and standardised posture guidelines are recommended to improve long-term reliability.
Article PDF Link: https://jps.library.utoronto.ca/index.php/cpoj/article/view/46063/34419
How To Cite: Withey A, Cazzola D, Tabor A, Seminati E. Within- and between-session reliability of pelvic marker placement and posture in lower-limb amputees. Canadian Prosthetics & Orthotics Journal. 2025; Volume 8, Issue 2, No. 2. https://doi.org/10.33137/cpoj.v8i2.46063
Corresponding Author: Alexandra Withey,Affiliation: Affiliation: Department for Health, University of Bath, Bath, UK.E-Mail: [email protected] ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9422-230
Evaluation of the Integration Potential of Canadian Indigenous Sacred Plants into Western Health Systems
No full textAn increasing number of scientific studies have demonstrated the potential of traditional medicinal plants in disease treatment and drug development. However, concerns about the efficacy and safety of these remedies persist within the society and among some Western medical professionals. The current paper examines the medicinal properties of four sacred plants that have long been used by Canadian Indigenous peoples: cedar (Thuja species), sage (Salvia species), sweetgrass (Hierochloë odorata Linn), and tobacco (Nicotiana rustica Linn). While many studies have focused on individual properties of specific plants, no comprehensive review comparing the medicinal potential of all four sacred plants has been conducted. This study evaluates the efficacy and potential side effects of these Indigenous sacred plants, with the aim of integrating traditional knowledge with contemporary scientific understanding. The findings may inform further research and experimental validation, contributing to more effective applications in medical treatment
Bergel, Giles, and Ian Gadd, eds. Stationers’ Register Online
No full textThis is a review of Stationers’ Register Online
Storey, H. Wayne, John A. Walsh, and Isabella Magni, PIs and eds. Petrarchive: An Edition of Petrarch’s Songbook Rerum vulgarium fragmenta
No full textThis is a review of Petrarchive: An Edition of Petrarch’s Songbook Rerum vulgarium fragmenta
Larson, Katherine, Scott A. Trudell, Sarah F. Williams, PIs. Early Modern Songscapes: English Ayres and Their Dynamic Acoustic Environments
No full textThis is a review of Early Modern Songscapes: English Ayres and Their Dynamic Acoustic Environments.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.33137/rr.v47i2.4368
A Community Fight
No full textMy thesis project focuses on transit-induced gentrification in Little Jamaica, also addressing issues of discrimination, disinvestment, and poor public services. In the first part of my project, I explore various protests and movements to understand the stories, actors, and events that led to these demonstrations. This provides a deeper understanding of the current and historical issues experienced. By speaking to residents and advocates, I construct stories based on resident accounts - which often differ from news media.
The early stages of my research stemmed from mainstream media, through which I used different search filters—keywords, dates, and locations—to locate relevant publications. I read through these articles and took note of the organizations, protesters, and organizer names. (These figures would be important for conducting alternative research later on). After reading multiple articles on each of the three protests, I was able to identify many emerging patterns and similarities
Inverting The Unwanted
No full textInverting the Unwanted presents a fabrication and building method for underutilized, small-diameter trees. Through the act of quartering, inverting, and joining a log, a standardized, yet unique column is formed. This simple rearrangement aims to take advantage of low-value, small-diameter trees that are constantly cut down as part of forestry thinning practices. Using this technique of log inversion leads to the capture of carbon that is otherwise released through the decomposition of the trees left on the ground after thinning. Furthermore, this value-added practice can supplant forestry income, and allow for ecological benefits through the extended aging of financially mature trees
the constructed fabric, the consciously-induced collapse into classicality, the chaos of cosmic censorship
No full textFor my thesis, I’m interested in generating a contemporary visual response to the disconnect between principles of modern physics.
In Einstein trapped in the (space-time) fabric, Einstein’s portrait is warped in nine variations using grid coordinates. Quantum mechanics describes the interactions of subatomic objects; whereas general relativity describes gravity as a space-time fabric that distorts under the motion of massive objects. The two systems are not compatible
Reimagining Growth in Toronto: Little Jamaica Empowerment Hub
No full textThis project combines design and policy proposals to empower the residents of Little Jamaica, a neighbourhood in Toronto, by proposing an alternative development model that prioritizes public spaces and community institutions. The central thesis challenges conventional development models, advocating for a community-centered approach that brings together residents, government, and developers to ensure that the needs of the community are prioritized