University of Toronto: Journal Publishing Services
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A Multi-site Qualitative Study to Explore and Understand Barriers and Enablers Indigenous Community Members Experience When Accessing Health and Social Services: Perspectives of Indigenous Patient Navigators and Indigenous Community Members in Canada
No full textBackground: The current state of health care in Canada for Indigenous Peoples is grounded in the historical colonial development of the existing healthcare system. In an already complicated system, a role such as the Indigenous patient navigator (IPN) can assist to bridge the gap of health inequity.
Purpose: The purpose of this study is to understand and explore the barriers and enablers Indigenous community members experience when accessing health and social services from the perspective of the IPN as well as Indigenous community members who access IPN services across health and social care settings in the province of Ontario, Canada.
Methods: This multi-site qualitative study was guided by methodological principles of Interpretive Description (ID) (Thorne, 2016) and the Two-Eyed Seeing approach to ensure the inclusion of non-Indigenous and Indigenous worldviews. The framework by Loppie and Wein (2022), will be used to organize the findings of this study.
Results: Semi-structured one-to-one, virtual or telephone interviews were conducted involving thirty-six participants (20 IPNs and 16 Indigenous community members). Indigenous community member barriers to access care and enablers to support access to health and social services are described at multiple levels of health determinants including Root, Core, and Stem using a Tree Metaphor outlined and described by Loppie & Wien (2022).
Conclusion: This research provides the foundation for future research to explore the role of the IPN and how this role might address the barriers and support enablers Indigenous Peoples experience when accessing health and social services across health care settings
THE 21St CENTURY’S MOST IMPORTANT ORIGIN STORY: A Review of Wisdom Weavers: The Lives and Thought of Harold Innis and Marshall McLuhan, by Tom Cooper
No full textTHE 21St CENTURY’S MOST IMPORTANT ORIGIN STORY: A Review of Wisdom Weavers: The Lives and Thought of Harold Innis and Marshall McLuhan, by Tom Coope
Drugs Don’t Kill People, Policy Kills People: The Inefficacy of The War on Drugs in the United States
No full textThe War on Drugs, since its implementation under the stewardship of President Richard Nixon, has been a conclusive failure for reducing drug abuse and the drug trade in the United States. Spanning the Nixon to Biden administrations, federal drug policy has steadfastly oriented around punitivism to curb drug misuse. Other strategies that approach the issue as a healthcare crisis have produced fruitful results in other contexts, yet treatment policies were gutted under the Reagan presidency, replaced with criminal punishments that remain in place. The shortsightedness of punitive federal policy has seen an explosion in drug abuse from pharmaceuticals and a flourishing black market trafficking drugs into and across the United States for several decades. Communities of colour, especially Black and Latino Americans, bear the brunt of governmental pennalism, with over incarceration and drug abuse disproportionately affecting this demographic. Through this analysis, I explore the history of America’s War on Drugs and argue how policy makers’ single mindedness towards remedying drug abuse through criminal punishments has failed to insulate Americans against drug misuse.
 
Higher Education Funding Policies in Norway, Canada and the United States
No full textGovernments play a critical role in shaping higher education through funding policies that influence accessibility, equity, and educational quality. Despite variations in their funding models, Norway, Canada, and the United Kingdom share key structural similarities as parliamentary democracies and OECD member states committed to higher education policy development. This paper examines the evolution of funding policies in each country and investigates the underlying factors driving their divergence. An institutional, interest-based, and ideational analysis identifies three primary drivers of policy variation: differences between social-democratic and liberal welfare regimes, the influence of lobbying groups, and the degree of marketization shaped by neoliberal economic principles. By exploring these dynamics, this study offers a deeper understanding of how political and economic ideologies shape higher education funding and provides insights into the broader implications for access, affordability, and institutional autonomy.
Chinese Aggression in the Asia-Pacific: An Explanation for Variations in Policy
No full textChina’s growth into a global hegemon has been accompanied by an increase in aggression in its foreign policy towards other states in the Asia-Pacific region. Traditional realist explanations would point to China’s rising power as the explanation for Beijing’s increased aggression. However, these system-level arguments cannot explain the variation in China’s degree of aggression towards different actors in the Asia-Pacific. China is much more sensitive to domestic political pressures than realists imagine; it is more likely to pursue aggressive actions when its domestic population is hostile towards the target state and expects a strong stance. On the other hand, China is also more likely to exercise restrained aggression when its domestic population is sympathetic to the target state’s people. Through an analysis of 5 Conflict Dyads in the Asia-Pacific region, it becomes clear that domestic political pressures such as historical interactions and traditional values help to shape and constrain China’s aggressive actions in the Asia-Pacific. Negative historical interactions and a loss of self-prestige in relations would therefore lead to increased aggression from China in the Asia-Pacific to regain national pride and appease nationalist audiences
Stem Cell Therapy for Alzheimer\u27s Disease: The Progression of Clinical Trials and Public Understanding
No full textPerspectivism & Co-Production of Territory Along the Tapajos River
No full textThis essay investigates diverse but alike manifestations of a Perspectivist world system on the Tapajos River by the historical Santarem culture and the contemporary Munduruku people. Through geo-situated visual imagery as materialization of oral history, ceramics and the body as materially linked sites of mimesis of territory, and depositional patterns in settlements as contributing towards Anthropogenic Dark Earth, both peoples have embedded themselves within the Tapajos’ territory and ecology. Through the application of semiotic and art historical analyses of archaeological findings, historical ethnographies of the Munduruku people, and the recent work of Munduruku scholars and activists, this essay demonstrates the many ways in which a non-anthropocentric approach can be applied towards environmental protection and mutual benefit between ecologies and societies