FUOYE Journal of Engineering and Technology (FUOYEJET - Federal University Oye-Ekiti)
Not a member yet
287 research outputs found
Sort by
Estimation of attenuation due to rain within Ka and Ku bands in Oyo State of Nigeria
No full textRain-induced attenuation of microwaves poses a serious challenge to signal availability beyond 10 GHz frequencies. The challenges are even more pronounced in the subtropical and tropical regions with high intensities of rain which is more accompanied with thunderstorms. Nigeria has an equatorial and tropical climate, which is identified by controlling rainfall. Rain is the significant attenuation factor of various communication signal above 10 GHz frequencies. Therefore, for effective utilization of the microwave bandwidth during rainfall, it is required to form the correlation between this attenuation effect and the bandwidth at various rainfall rate and frequencies at a particular interest location. Therefore , using propagation modelling, the point rainfall and rain effects for frequencies was concurrently considered between 11 and 40 GHz (i.e. Ku, and Ka) for satellite communication service on earth-space path at Ibadan in Oyo state , Nigeria by using rainfall data for the period of five (5) years (January 2014 to December 2019).Keywords- Rain Attenuation, Rain Rate, Bandwidth, Propagation Modellin
Nature-Inspired Meta-heuristic Optimization Algorithms for Breast Cancer Diagnostic Model: A Comparative Study
No full textThe selection of features is used to obtain a subset of features by the removal of irrelevant features with no or less predictive output. Meta-heuristic algorithms are appropriate for the selection of features because feature subset representation is direct and the evaluation is easily accomplished. This paper performed a comparative study on the impact of meta-heuristic optimization algorithms on breast cancer diagnosis using Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO). The two feature selection algorithms were used to obtain the relevant attributes from the Wisconsin breast cancer (original) dataset. The selected attributes were passed to seven learning algorithms: Support Vector Machine (SVM), Decision Tree (C4.5), Naïve Bayes (NB), K Nearest Neighhood (KNN), Neural Network (NN), Logistic Regression (LR), and Random Forest (RF). The diagnostic model was evaluated based on accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-measure. Experimental showed that the highest accuracy of 97.1388% was obtained in both PSO and ACO using RF classifier, the highest precision value of 0.9720 was recorded in ACO using RF classifier, the highest recall value of 0.9750 was achieved in PSO using RF classifier, the highest F1-measure value of 0.9700 was obtained in PSO using SVM, the highest kappa statistic of 0.9370 was obtained in both PSO and ACO using RF and the lowest time of 0s was taken to build a model was recorded in PSO using KNN and NB, and also in ACO using KNN. The paper concluded that the breast diagnostic model using PSO and ACO with different learning algorithms revealed that the accuracy of RF outperformed other algorithms. Also, it was shown that ACO produced better precision using RF compared with PSO and PSO gave better recall using RF compared with ACO, PSO recorded an efficient F1-measure using SVM. The best time used to build a model was obtained in PSO for KNN and NB, and ACO with KNN.Keywords— Breast cancer, Data mining, Diagnosis, Feature selection, Meta-heuristic.
Assessment of Spatio-temporal levels of pollution parameters due to dumpsite leachate in Lagos, Southwest Nigeria
No full text This study is on the assessment of spatio-temporal levels of physico-chemical parameters of groundwater in domesticwells located at points around some selected dumpsite due to dumpsite leachate on groundwater pollution. Three dumpsites: Orile (O); Solous 3 (S3) and Solous 1 (S1). Leachate from the respective dumpsites and water from the 10 select wells within 1 km radius of each dumpsites were sampled and analyzed in the laborator. .Spatial distribution maps of the parameters were generated using Geographic Information System and ArchMap 10.5. Laboratory results revealed that water in domestic wells were deteriorated due to the percolation of leachate. Spatial analysis revealed that pollution of groundwater was higher within a distance of 345 m from the dumpsites and decreases as the distance increases from the dumpsites. The leachate concentration of Cl, SO4, COD and BOD5 from O; TDS, and EC from S3; Cr and Pb from S1 dumpsites respectively were above WHO leachate disposal values. The study showed that O impacted more on groundwater quality than S3 and S1. It is recommended that water from these wells should not used without treatment.Keywords: Leachate, dumpsite, groundwater, wells, pollution
Development of Improved Drainage System for Storm Water flow at Isale koko Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria
Get PDFAmong areas prone to flood disaster yearly in Ilorin is Isale koko. The study involved the reconnaissance survey to ascertain the current capacity of the existing drainage in the flood disaster prone area of Isale Koko, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria. The dimension of the drainage network of the area was taken at eight (8) various points and the average area of the drainage was obtained to be 0.44m². The already existing drainage in the area was divided into 3 sections for easy computations of flow value, length, depth and width. The rainfall intensity for the study area was found to be 98.49mm/hr. The rational method and Manning’s equation were used for the surface runoff and the proposed drainage respectively. The peak flow of the area and maximum flow velocity in the drains were determined to be 48.46mᶟ/s and 2.21mᶟ/s respectively. The best hydraulic section method was employed to obtain new drainage dimensions for both rectangular and trapezoidal channels. The new designed rectangular channel had dimensions of 1.16m × 0.812m while the trapezoidal channel had dimensions of 1.43m×0.72m×0.87m. The area of both channels was obtained to be 0.67m². A comparative analysis was carried against the average area of the pre-existing drainage that showed a 53.3% increase in drainage area; proving that the current drainage infrastructure of the area is grossly inadequate. Sequel to the analysis, the trapezoidal shaped drainage was recommended for the study area. Keywords—Drainage, Flood, Infrastructure, Runoff, Storm wate
Effect of Process Parameters on the Surface Roughness and Kerf Width of Mild Steel during Plasma Arc Cutting Using Response Surface Methodology
Get PDFThis study investigated the effects of process parameters of plasma arc cutting (PAC) of low carbon steel material using analysis of variance. Three process parameters, cutting speed, cutting current and gas pressure were considered and experiments were conducted based on response surface methodology (RSM) via the box-Behnken approach. Process responses viz. surface roughness (Ra) and kerf width of cut surface were measured for each experimental run. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was performed to get the contribution of process parameters on responses. Cutting current has the most significant effect of 33.43% on the surface roughness and gas pressure has the most significant effect on kerf width of 41.99% . For minimum surface roughness and minimum kerf width, process parameters were optimized using the RSM. Keywords: Cutting speed, cutting current, gas pressure, surface roughness, kerf widt
Development and Performance Evaluation of a Tomato Packaging Container using Acrilonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene Plastic Sheets
No full textTomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is one of the world’s major fresh and processed fruit and is the second most important vegetable crop after potato worldwide. Manual harvesting is commonly done which results in poor handling and huge postharvest losses. To reduce postharvest losses, an alternative tomato packaging container was developed using Acrilonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene (ABS) plastic sheet, and its performance was evaluated. The ABS plastic sheet was cut, fixed to the plastic holder, placed on top of the oven, and heated to soften. The softened plastic was then gently placed on the mould, and a vacuum pump was switched on till the plastic takes the shape of the mould. The container was subjected to a compression test using Dennison Universal Testing Machine (UTM) to determine the maximum bearable load. The containers were filled with fresh tomato fruits, and the farm gate weight, market weight, damaged weight, transit weight loss was measured using a weighing scale while the bruised area was measured using mathematical expressions. Results revealed that the developed baskets could accommodate a maximum compression force of 904 N, which implies that five baskets of fresh tomato fruits can be stacked on top of one another with minimal bruise damage and percentage damaged weight of 20 cm2 and 5% respectively. The tendency of the plastic packaging container to be stacked on top of one another with minimal postharvest losses makes it better than the conventional baskets currently used for packaging and transporting fresh tomato fruits.Keywords - Tomato, postharvest losses, packaging container, bruise are
Development of a Low-Cost Arduino-Based Weather Station
No full textA weather station is a facility located either on land or sea consisting of instruments and equipment which can be used to measure atmospheric conditions so as to provide weather forecasts information and to study the weather. The existing instruments used for measuring the weather elements are expensive which led to the development of a low-cost Arduino-based weather station. The developed low-cost weather station consists of three separate modules which are data collection, data storage, and data communication. These modules communicate serially with each other and are controlled by three separate microcontrollers (Arduino Uno). The data collection module is interfaced with a set of sensors that collects temperature and humidity. The weather data were viewed in real-time through a graphical user interface (GUI) located at the central station. The developed weather station was able to measure the temperature and humidity of a controlled environment, giving the reading at interval of five minutes. It was observed that the average temperature from results obtained (27.360C) with the developed low-cost Arduino based weather station falls within the range of the Accuweather readings (24.00-28.000C). Also, the average humidity of the developed low-cost Arduino based weather station (80.41%) falls within the range of the Weatherspark humidity (78-82%) on 20th August 2019. Therefore, this system can be adopted as a weather station facility. The design can be extended to be web-based in the future to make it available worldwide.Keywords— Arduino Uno, Humidity, RF Transceiver, Temperature, Weather Statio
Nutritional and Sensory Characteristics of Bread Produced from Wheat and Cassava Flour, Fortified with Sorrel Seed Protein Isolate
Get PDFThe possibility of making bread from composite flour containing 60-80% wheat flour, 10-25% cassava flour and 5-15% Sorrel seeds protein isolate was investigated. The proximate composition, mineral constituents, functional and sensory evaluation were analyzed using standard methods. The results of the analysis showed that crude protein (8.80±0.36 to 18.70±0.35) and crude fibre (0.77±0.02 to 1.58±0.04) contents of the composite breads increased significantly with increased incorporation of cassava flour and sorrel seed protein isolate flours. The moisture (34.00±1.00 to 32.04±1.00), ash (1.22±0.03 to 0.66±0.03), carbohydrate(54.99±0.25 to 46.83±0.77) and fat (0.24±0.01 to 0.20±0.02) contents were observed to decrease significantly with corresponding increase in the percentage of the composite flours from 5-25% for both cassava flour and sorrel seed protein isolate flour. The results of the mineral contents showed that calcium element increased as the level of composite flour increased, while sodium, potassium and magnesium decreased as the level of inclusion increased. The functional properties, water and oil absorption, and swelling index of the composite flour showed varying degrees of variation from the control sample (100% wheat flour). The results of the sensory evaluation showed that there were no significant differences (P>0.05) in taste, texture, colour, flavour, appearance and overall acceptability, however, the mean sensory scores decreased with increased addition of cassava flour and sorrel seed protein isolate in the composite flour. The outcome of the research showed that, nutritious bread could be produced from the composite flours of wheat, cassava and sorrel seeds protein isolate.Keywords: Bread, Wheat, cassava, Protein Isolat
Development of Electromagnet for Laboratory Water Treatment Experiments
Get PDFWater is said to be magnetized when it flows across the magnetic field and magnetized water finds its application in many areas of life. Despite the numerous benefits of magnetized water, very little works have been reported on the development of magnet for water magnetizer application. In most of the reported works, the detailed theoretical analysis and design procedure required for the development of the magnet was not accounted for; hence the need for the present study. Electromagnetic means of producing flux density is considered in this study due to its advantage of flux density variation, which is not achievable with the use of its permanent magnet counterparts. The design equation of short electromagnet was derived from the existing equations of coil magnetic flux density and then used for the air core electromagnet design. The variation of the magnetic flux density with the distance between two electromagnets was empirically investigated. The performance of the developed electromagnet is satisfactory, as the flux density varies between 814.6 and 510G corresponding to the gap (0 - 4cm) between the coils (i.e., water pipe diameter). Keywords— Air core, Coils, Iron core, Magnetic flux density, Magnetized wate
Development and Performance Evaluation of a Castor Seed (Ricnus Communis) Shelling Machine with a Winnowing System
Get PDFThis study reports the development and performance evaluation of a castor seed shelling with a winnowing system using locally available materials. The winnowing unit does the cleaning of the castor seed after shelling with the help of fan. The machine consists of a hopper, shelling cylinder, concave, bearing, bolt and nuts, cleaning unit, pulley, grain outlet, shaft, prime mover seat and frame. The developed machine was evaluated using variety of (IAR) castor seed in a factorial experiment with five levels of cylinder speed (220, 20, 260, 280 and 300 rpm), three levels of concave clearance (15, 20, and 28 mm) and three cylinder types (metal, rubber and wood) in a completely randomized design (CRD). Data collected for shelling efficiency, cleaning efficiency, mechanical grain damage, scattered losses and output capacity were analyzed using a statistical analysis software (SAS), where analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the Duncan multiple range test (DMRT) were computed at 1 and 5% levels of significance. The results showed that the best cylinder types in descending order were metal, rubber and wood while cylinder speed of 220 rpm was optimum for all the cylinder types. However, the optimum concave clearance varies with the cylinder types as 15, 20, and 28 mm respectively. While the corresponding optimum values for output capacity, cleaning and scattered seeds were17.90 kg/h, 97.26, 78.20 and 0.51%;12.19 kg/h, 78.91 and 0.36%; 14.78 kg/h, 67.96, and 1.67%, respectively.Keywords—Keyword: Castor seed shelling machine, winnower, castor seed, and machine design