FUOYE Journal of Engineering and Technology (FUOYEJET - Federal University Oye-Ekiti)
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Performance Evaluation of Manhattan and Euclidean Distance Measures For Clustering Based Automatic Text Summarization
Get PDFIn the past few years, there has been an explosion in the amount of text data from a variety of sources. This volume of text is a valuable source of information and knowledge which needs to be effectively summarized to be useful. In this paper, automatic text summarization with K-means clustering techniques is presented by employing two different distance measurement methods (Euclidean and Manhattan). The dataset extracted from African prose was preprocessed using stopwords removal and tokenization. The preprocessed document is converted into vector representation using tf-idf technique and k-means clustering is applied using Euclidean and Manhattan distance measures to generate summary. There are different distance measures for k-means which has been used in several works. However, there is dearth of work on the performance evaluation of these distance measures in text summarization. The experimental analysis was performed on Waikato Environment for Knowledge Analysis (WEKA). The results obtained showed that the Euclidean variation produced an extractive summary of sentences amounting to 72% from three different clusters while the Manhattan variation produced an extractive summary of sentences that made up 94% of the total document all in one cluster using compression ratio as the performance metric. Keywords— Text summarization, Euclidean distance, k-means clustering, Manhattan distanc
Social- Economic Assessment and Profitability of Artisanal Gold Miners in Niger State, Nigeria
No full textThis study centers on socio-economic assessment and profitability of artisanal gold miners in Niger State, Nigeria. The specific objectives are to examine artisanal gold miners’ socio-economic profile, examine the level of profitability of artisanal gold mining and identify the constraints determining the profitability of artisanal gold mining. Primary data was used which were obtained through the administration of structured questionnaires to randomly sampled artisanal gold miners in the study area. Descriptive statistics using charts, frequency table, mean, maximum, minimum and range, and inferential statistics using multiple linear regression, t-test were used as well as budgetary analysis. Profit difference of N 16,139.69 was noted between male and female artisan gold miners, with male earning a non-significantly (p>0.05) higher profit than the female artisans. Married artisan spent significantly (p<0.05) more (N106, 549.66) in running their various artisanal duties than the unmarried single artisans (N 87,036.67). Single artisans were noted to earn higher revenue than their married counterpart. This significant difference of N 20,897.09 can be accounted for by the ready availability of single unmarried artisans to work for longer hours per day without any distraction of family cares and obligations. This invariably leads to the significantly higher profit of single unmarried artisanal miners of N97, 051. Other significant determinants of artisanal gold profit level are miners’ age in years (p<0.01), experience at work in years (p<0.10) and years of work at current mine (p<0.05). Findings shows that artisanal miners were noted to be operating profitably in the study location; however, marital status, age of miners, years of experience and years of work in the current mine were found to be significant determinants of profitability and profit level of an average miners. Keywords – Profitability, Artisanal gold, Revenue, Socio-economic profile, constraints
Prototyping of a Robotic Fire Vehicle Using Radio Frequency Technology
Get PDFFighting a raging fire is one of the toughest uphill battles in the public – safety world. Fire fighters try to put off fires with very little information, having no idea of the size and scope of the fire nor how many potential victims may be cut off from rescue. Fire losses throughout the world remain too high and firefighting too hazardous. This work aims to mitigate these losses via the prototyping of a robotic fire vehicle using radio frequency technology. The primary research method for this study is the literature review of the various types of limitation in existing firefighting systems and models, from the review carried out an improved firefighting robotic system was designed and built. The vehicle is loaded with a water carrying bottle. Two DC motors alongside a castor wheel are used for the locomotion and drive system of the robot, a DC water pump is used to spray jets of water through its suction action. These motors are controlled from a distance over a wireless communication between the Bluetooth HC-06 and a motor control app installed on an android phone. The Robot is programmed to stop and release sprinkles of water before the robot hits the target. An Arduino microcontroller is used for the overall desired operation. The entire system is powered by a 12V Lead – acid rechargeable battery. The robot has a dimension of 0.37 m by 0.28 m by 0.12 m and navigates through a modeled floor plan with an average velocity of 0.05 m/s to extinguish a simulated fire in 5 to 10 seconds. Experimental work has been carried out carefully and successfully, the proposed technique is confirmed to be very useful for engineering, research and safety purposes.Key Words: Arduino microcontroller, chassis, robotics, actuato
Analytical Solution of Unsteady Boundary Layer Flow of a Nanofluid Past a Stretching Inclined Sheet With Effects of Magnetic Field
Get PDF Flow of a nanofluid in a boundary layer in an inclined moving sheet at angle is considered analytically. The Mathematical formulation consists of the Magnetic parameter, thermophoresis, and Brownian motion. Previously published work considered convective boundary condition. The present study considered an inclined stretching sheet at angle in one dimension and considered thermal conditions of non convective heating and heat flux. Solutions to momentum, temperature and concentration distribution depends on seven parameters, Magnetic parameter M, Lewis number Le, Prandtl number Pr, thermophoresis parameter Nt, the Brownian motion parameter Nb, unsteady parameter c and Grashof numbers Gr and Gc. The non linear coupled Differential equations were solved using the improved Adomian decomposition method and a good agreement was established with the numerical method (Shooting technique). Analytical result is also presented graphically to illustrate the effect of the earlier listed parameters on Momentum, temperature and nanofraction boundary layers. Momentum boundary layer increases with increase in Grashof numbers, angle of inclination and unsteady parameter..Keywords— Adomian Decompostion Method (ADM), Nanofluid, Inclined sheet, magnetic field effects, Numerical Method (NM).
Design of an Automated Over-bed Hospital Meal Cart for Public Hospitals
Get PDFHospital meal carts are used to deliver meals, drugs and some other materials to patients in the hospital environment. These carts which are moved manually by operators, the health workers, mostly do not comply with ergonomics guidelines and physical requirements of the equipment users in terms of anthropometry data of the region thus increasing the risk of musculoskeletal disorder among the meal cart users. Based on the preliminary study, most operators expressed the feeling of fatigue and postural discomfort in the shoulders, arms, back and thighs as a result of moving the hospital meal cart around the hospital environment. Also, patients who are limited in terms of sitting and standing needs this for their comfort and assistant. In order to ease this discomfort, an automated over-bed hospital table was designed using the adult working class anthropometry data of Nigeria. The cart has an adjustment feature of forth and back movement as well as height adjustment mechanism to suite the use of the patient. The responses obtained from ergonomic evaluation of the re-designed hospital meal carts were analyzed using SPSS to obtain the non-parametric Chi-Square test as well as the median and interquartile range. The test however showed significant difference when p < 0.050, hence the redesign is justified. The table can be operated by the patient with little or no assistance hence will reduce fatigue and risk of musculoskeletal disorder among the meal cart users. Keywords— Anthropometric data, Discomfort, Ergonomics, Hospital and Meal cart
Power Quality Events Segmentation in a Voltage Waveform using Joint Triggering Point Detection Scheme
Get PDFAccurate and timely detection of power quality (PQ) events is imperative for adequate corrective measures to be taken. This paper presents a method of PQ event detection development called joint triggering point detection (JTPD) scheme with a view to achieving a more accurate PQ event detection in a voltage waveform. The JTPD combines the advantage of cumulative sum (CUSUM) algorithm for the statistical distribution of a signal waveform and the discrete wavelet transform (DWT) for change-point detection. The performance of JTPD scheme using detection rate was compared with CUSUM and DWT schemes and based on the analysis, the detection rate of JTPD, CUSUM and DWT were 100%, 95% and 50% respectively. With this, the proposed approach outperformed CUSUM and DWT schemes by 5% and 50% respectively. Hence, the proposed approach is suitable for accurate detection of voltage dip, swell and interruption PQ events Keywords: Cumulative Sum, Discrete Wavelet Transform, Joint Triggering Point Detection, Power Quality, Voltage Wavefor
My Freedom: Assessing Reactance in a High Freedom Persuasive Website
Get PDFThe freedom concept has been an important one, to daily engagement in activities and everything that becomes so close to people. One of them is computing systems that we use every day and they serve several purposes in moulding human lives. An important aspect of this is behaviour change as many have been successful while others have failed because they are too restrictive for use. However, the presence of freedom does not guarantee the success of many systems. Therefore, this work focuses on how reactance can still be experienced in a persuasive website that ensures freedom and non-forced compliance. Specifically, the work studied anger, compliance and perceived usability of a persuasive website that was developed to provide intervention for users in the area of healthy meal planning through manipulation of freedom levels. Results indicated that participants exposed to high freedom text had lower anger, higher perceived usability and higher compliance than participants exposed to low freedom text and social high freedom message. This led to the conclusion that users’ freedom feeling during a persuasive attempt can be boosted with the inclusion of high freedom message design and that the integration of social agents for persuasion enhancement must be done with great care.Keywords: Psychological Reactance, Freedom, Behaviour change, Social Influence, compliance, persuasion, computing device
Estimation of the Thermal Diffusivity of Beans Using a Simple Apparatus
Get PDFA simple apparatus for the determination of the thermal diffusivity of black-eyed beans samples, using the transient heat conduction method is presented. This apparatus is a stainless steel cylindrical tube, containing the sample, placed into a constant temperature water bath. The variation of the temperature at the center of the tube with time is recorded. The thermal diffusivities were determined from the temperature-time relationship data of the sample, and the dimensions of the equipment. The estimated thermal diffusivity values of the samples varied between 4.70 x 10-8 to 6.94 x 10-8 and 5.26 x 10-8 to 7.68 x 10-8 when the temperature in the water bath was 50oC and 60oC, respectively. Also, the thermal diffusivity was higher when the water bath temperature was 60oC rather than 50oC for the sample range of particle sizes studied. As black-eyed beans are a staple food in many parts of West African, they are grown, harvested, and stored. The thermal diffusivity information is useful in determining the behaviour of this Argo-product when stored. Keywords: Beans, Thermal Diffusivity, Transient Heat Conduction Method
Probabilistic System Availability Model and Prevailing Factors for 33kV Primary Power Distribution Feeders in Nigeria
Get PDFOutage and complimentary load flow analyses of a selected 33kV primary distribution network in Ughelli Delta State, Nigeria, were carried out to depict feeder availability obtainable in the country. Outage and load flow analyses were carried out using parametric statistics and Newton-Raphson computation algorithm respectively. The results provide model distribution of monthly feeder availability, contributions of outage factors and normal load flow values. It was concluded that: monthly feeder availability represented using normal probability distribution function of; shows that overcurrent and earth faults contribute to outage duration, taking 5% to 12% of the month outage duration respectively; coupled with significant line losses and weak voltage profile. Recommendations proposed include: replacement of weak or failed elements and insulations in the systems with new and modern ones to mitigate especially earth faults in the short term; planning for immediate increase in system capacity to accommodate the power demand effectively for present and forecast periods to eliminate load shedding, overload events, and high technical losses; maintenance practice at the planning and execution stages to mitigate failure events and repair time. Keywords – fault, outage, probability, load flow, availability, distribution network
An Overview of the Design Principles of Drinking Water Chlorination
Get PDFThe goal of drinking water chlorination is the inactivation of pathogenic organisms in water. It offers the advantage of producing residuals useful for the preservation of water quality in a distribution system. Basic key chlorination concepts include chlorine demand/decay, chlorine residuals, and CT disinfection. The application of these concepts required a good understanding of the hydraulic condition of the system. Important consideration is the determination of initial required chlorine dose. A demonstration model using a public school water supply scheme with an overhead tank is done. This incorporates the kinematic of Contact Time (CT) disinfection, and the application of a demand model for the determination of initial chlorine concentration/dose required. Optimal application of chlorine will prevent incidences of either an over-dose or under-doze which highlight the importance of this study. Keywords— chlorine demand, CT Disinfection, initial chlorine concentration, log removal value, residual concentration