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Análisis de la relación del nivel de riesgo ergonómico y el sedentarismo con la morbilidad músculo – esquelética del personal administrativo de la Policía Nacional del Ecuador del Distrito del Cantón Cayambe
No full textBackground: The goal of ergonomics is to optimize production. A dysergonomic position can have irreversible consequences for the worker and factors within their lifestyle, such as sedentary lifestyle and obesity, are related to the increase in the incidence of various diseases. Objective: To determine the relationship between sedentary lifestyle and dysergonomic jobs with the risk of suffering from musculoskeletal disorders in the administrative staff of the Ecuadorian National Police of the Cayambe Canton. Material and method: A descriptive cross-sectional cohort study was carried out, with a sample of 60 workers. Data were collected through interviews and surveys, physical activity was monitored with ACCUPEDO, and anthropometric measurements were recorded. The documentation of the occupational physician was also reviewed and the Ergosoft pro 4.0 tool was used. Results: The average population was between 25 and 30 years old, with a predominance of males. 68% were classified as overweight. The association between ergonomic risk and sedentary lifestyle was not significant (p = 0.775) according to the Chi square test, however, an association was found between ergonomic risk and the ISO 11226 standard for forearms / hands (p = 0.030) and lower extremities (p = 0.029). The unadjusted multivariate regression model determined a significant association (p = 0.038) between ISO 11226 for forearms / hands and ergonomic irrigation by ROSA method, in the adjusted analysis there was an association (p = 0.025) between ISO 11226 for lower extremities and ergonomic risk by ROSA method. The ANOVA analysis did not find a significant difference (F (1,58) = 0.00, p = 0.96), in the average steps of men and women. Conclusions: An association was not demonstrated between the ergonomic risk variables and sedentary lifestyle with the musculoskeletal disorder’s variable. Key words: ROSA method, ergonomics, musculoskeletal disorders, sedentary lifestyle.Antecedentes: El objetivo de la ergonomía es optimizar la producción. Un puesto disergonómico puede traer consecuencias irreversibles para el trabajador y factores dentro de su estilo de vida, como el sedentarismo y la obesidad, se relacionan con el aumento de la incidencia de diversas enfermedades
Propuesta estratégica de optimización para la administración del restaurante La Playa del Pisque, cantón Pedro Moncayo
No full textThe objective of this project is to develop a strategic proposal for the optimization of the administration of the restaurant La Playa del Pisque located in the canton Pedro Moncayo, for which first a theoretical framework was carried out with the purpose of conceptualizing an overview of the following topics: restaurants as businesses, restaurant management, restaurants as family businesses, family business management, types of family businesses, challenges of family businesses, good corporate governance in family businesses, control systems and procedures in a restaurant and problems with lack of control in restaurants. In the situational characterization, an internal and external analysis of the environment was carried out using the PESTEL and Porter’s Five Forces methodologies. In addition, the SWOT and Benchmarking were applied to obtain information on its strengths, opportunities, weaknesses and threats; and to establish a comparison with their direct competition. On the other hand, the client's profile was determined in order to identify what are their needs and preferences. For the analysis of results, the CAME matrix was used to obtain strategies based on taking advantage of its strengths and opportunities and mitigating its weaknesses and threats. Also, relevant information was obtained about their staff's perception about the administration and management of the restaurant through semi-structured interviews and a checklist; and specific information about its internal and external environment and direct and indirect competition. Finally, an optimization proposal was designed for the administration through a restructuring of the company's philosophy, organic functional structure and internal and external communication. Each business objective is composed of: strategy type, strategic actions, implementation level, responsible, indicators and budget, with the purpose of improving its administrative structure and budget and cost control.El objetivo de este proyecto es desarrollar una propuesta estratégica para la optimización de la administración del restaurante La Playa del Pisque ubicado en el cantón Pedro Moncayo, para lo cual primero se realizó un marco teórico con la finalidad de conceptualizar un panorama general de los siguientes temas: restaurantes como empresas, administración de restaurantes, restaurantes como empresas familiares, administración de empresas familiares, tipos de empresas familiares, retos de las empresas familiares, un buen gobierno corporativo en empresas familiares, sistemas y procedimientos de control en un restaurante y problemas por la falta de control en restaurantes..
Facultad de Arquitectura y Diseño
No full textThe urban piece found during the eighth semester of the degree covers the sector El Batán. This piece becomes a university citadel in which the entire urban plan that is explained in this document is developed. Being a university citadel, the aim is to provide the area with equipments that will increase the current population to the projected one. The cultural and / or educational facilities correspond to the thematic axis proposed in the master plan along Av. Granados and calle colimes. As A Result of the absence of such character would be complementary. For this reason, within the list of equipments, the Faculty of Design and Architecture is proposed, on Av. Granados and Colimes street, between the heritage vaults, belonging to the Inca 1 neighborhood. Currently, the University of the Americas has in its career plan the Faculty of Architecture and Design, located in José Queri; but this location is a rented space that will later be transferred to the Udla Granados headquarters. The headquarters located on Av. Granados, although it has large spaces, is not equipped, or has no spaces found as required by a faculty of architecture. For this reason, it is proposed to create the new faculty of architecture and design of the Udla as it is one of the most investigated careers at the undergraduate academic level. The objective is to create a faculty (FAD), with flexible areas that vary the practical learning of these arts, in addition, to integrate their collective spaces with the surrounding areas of the urban proposal.La pieza urbana que se trabajó durante el octavo semestre de la carrera abarca el sector El Batán. A dicha pieza se la convierte en una ciudadela universitaria en la cual se desarrolla todo el plan urbano que se explicara más adelante..
Efecto del vendaje neuromuscular en el equilibrio y la locomoción en adultos mayores: revisión sistemática
No full textObjectives: To analyze the effects of neuromuscular taping on balance and locomotion in older adults, systematic review…Objetivos: Analizar los efectos del vendaje neuromuscular en el equilibrio y la locomoción adultos mayores, revisión sistemática
Evaluación de la resistencia a la compresión de la resina compuesta nanohíbrida con microrelleno de zirconio/sílice fotopolimerizadas con dos lámparas led de alta intensidad
No full textIntroduction: The ability to photopolymerize composite resins directly in the mouth has revolutionized clinical dentistry when working on the patient. However, there is a lack of understanding when choosing a photopolymerization lamp that achieve a successful outcome for the clinician. Objective: To evaluate the compressive resistance of the photopolymerized zirconium / silica micro-filled Nanohybrid Composite Resin with two high power LED lamps. Materials and Methods: With a calibrated metal matrix, 20 resin-based composites (RBCs) of 8mm high and 4mm in diameter were elaborated, the resin was placed in 2mm increments and then polymerized according to the study group. There were 10 polymerized RBCs with a 1280mW / cm2 lamp (VALO, ULTRADENT) and 10 RBCs with a 1260mW / cm2 lamp (S.P.E.C. 3, COLTENE) measured with a radiometer on a resin of the Filtek 350 brand (3MESPE ). The samples were immersed in distilled water at 37 Celsius degrees for 24 hours; then it was subjected to a careful polishing of the surfaces. After a process of calibration and evaluation of the dimensions of each RBCs, these were sent to a universal compression machine MTS JJ MACHINE TYPE T5002 of the Research Center of the Honorable Provincial Government of Tungurahua (Metalworking Productive Development Center). One-way ANOVA was used to evaluate the results. Results: The compression values proved to be different between the groups studied. The S.P.E.C. 3 is significantly superior to the VALO lamp (p equals 0.016). Conclusions: The compressive strength of the Composite Nanohybrid Resin with zirconium / silica micro-fill obtained a better performance when subjected to photopolymerize with the Spect3 Lamp.Introducción: La capacidad de fotopolimerizar resinas compuestas directamente en boca ha revolucionado la odontología clínica al momento de trabajar en el paciente..
Campaña para posicionar Alpina como empresa preocupada por la responsabilidad social en la comunidad de Machachi
No full textThe aim of this study is to publicize the activities carried out by the brand Alpina, as part of their responsibility to societal stewardship towards the environment and culture, focusing on the community of Machachi. This study is currently relevant because the poor perception the public has towards industrial agriculture and livestock, which currently has been publicly rejected by the community. Through the research process we were able to determine the various factors that influence the poor perception towards the Alpina brand. Additionally, we have uncovered the resources available in order to improve bilateral communication between the client and the public. The research determined that there are two audiences in question, with each group requiring different forms of communication. The campaigns focus is to change the poor perception the Machachi people possess towards the Alpina industrial factory which has been in the city since 2003. We hope to achieve this through varying revenues of communication and perception shifting programs.El presente trabajo de titulación tiene como objetivo brindar información sobre las actividades que realiza la marca Alpina, como parte de su responsabilidad con la sociedad y el medioambiente, enfocándose en el sector urbano y rural de la comunidad de Machachi. Este estudio es relevante debido a que existe una mala percepción acerca de las fábricas industriales en un sector agrícola o ganadero, lo que genera un rechazo de parte de los moradores del sector. Por medio de las herramientas de investigación que se han ejecutado, se pudo identificar los factores que influyen en la mala percepción de la población hacia la marca, además de conocer los recursos que se pueden usar para una comunicación bilateral entre los grupos objetivos y la empresa Alpina. La investigación determino que existen dos públicos a los que se debe llegar y que en cada uno se debe usar un tono de comunicación diferente. La campaña tiene como finalidad cambiar la mala percepción que tiene la población de del cantón Mejía hacia la fábrica industrial de Alpina ubicada en Machachi desde 2003, la cual cuenta con certificaciones como ISO 14001 que es una norma que ayuda con la mejora de la gestión ambiental de una empresa, así mismo Alpina como una de sus actividades de contribución al medio ambiente cuenta con una planta de aguas residuales, las cuales colaboran a que el líquido vital no llegue contaminada a cultivos o sembríos cercanos a la fábrica industrial
Propuesta de aplicación de herramientas de manufactura esbelta para la mejora de la calidad en el área de tejeduría de una empresa textil
No full textIn the face of an urgent need to reduce costs and increase the profit for Industrial Textiles ITTS, this assignment focuses on the proposal of several improvements of a Lean based concept. This project provides a holistic, but at the same time, a landed view around some potential Lean Manufacturing tools which could help to reduce the percentage of nonconforming product, wastes, and non operative times, some of the main costs related to a reduced availability. This research begins with a preliminary analysis of the company actual situation, details the main shortcomings found and executes a quantitative evaluation. Also, studies the relation between the failure emergence and the formation of second cloth and watches those different variables which contribute on its development. It was used statistical tools such as Pareto, Linear regression, and Control charts. On a second phase the root causes were analyzed by using tools like Ishikawa Diagram, Five Whys, and FMEA. On a third stage a DMAIC improvement proposal is set, with some guidelines used as solution tools for the problem. Stands out the development of a Quality Management System through the Four Points method, the implementation of KANBAN and ANDON for production control, and the estimation of OEE indicator. By implementing this project, Textiles ITTS could achieve savings for 42 680 USD annually, 25 percent of the total associated costs to less availability, quality, and performance.Ante la urgente necesidad de reducir costos e incrementar la utilidad en Industrial Textiles ITTS, el presente trabajo se orienta en la formulación de una serie de propuestas de mejora basadas en el concepto de Lean Manufacturing. Este proyecto proporciona una visión holística, pero a la vez aterrizada en torno a las potenciales herramientas LEAN que pudieren generar una reducción en el porcentaje de producto no conforme, desperdicios y tiempos no operativos que se traducen en costos asociados a una disponibilidad reducida. Esta investigación realiza un análisis preliminar de la situación actual de la compañía, detalla las principales falencias encontradas y ejecuta una evaluación cuantitativa de estas. Además, analiza la relación entre la ocurrencia de fallos y la formación de tela de segunda y examina las diferentes variables que contribuyen en su formación; se emplearon herramientas estadísticas como Pareto, Regresión Lineal y Cartas de Control. En una segunda etapa se estudia las causales de tales fallos mediante un análisis de causa raíz, diagrama Ishikawa, metodología 5 ¿Por qué?, y un AMEF. En un tercer espacio se deja por sentado una propuesta DMAIC de mejora, con una serie de pautas a modo de herramientas para dar solución al problema. Entre las principales destacan el Sistema de Gestión de Calidad mediante el método Cuatro Puntos utilizado en la industria textil, implementación de KANBAN y ANDON para el control de producción, y el cálculo del OEE. Mediante la implementación del actual proyecto será posible ahorrar hasta 42 680 anuales, un 25 por ciento del total de costos asociados a una disponibilidad, calidad y rendimiento reducidos
Plan de negocio para la producción y comercialización de chocolates con vitaminas para adultos y adultos mayores que cuiden de su salud en Quito
No full textThe main objective of the document Business Plan for the Production and Commercialization of Chocolates with vitamins for adults and older adults, who take care of their health in Quito, is to analyze the viability of success of the product in the market. Kawsay Chocolates with vitamins is made with 70 percent Ecuadorian Cacao Fino de Aroma and vitamins A, C, D, E, and K in order to offer a chocolate that is nutritious and delicious at the same time. To analyze how accepted the present product would be in the minds of its potential consumers, a qualitative and quantitative research was carried out based on interviews with experts, focus groups, and surveys made to adults and older adults in the city of Quito. When processing the client's analysis, it could be concluded that 77.92 percent of the population would accept to buy and consume the chocolate. Currently there are positive health trends in the food industry that benefit the consumption of the product, where its consumers prioritize maintaining a healthy lifestyle by only consuming products that nourish their body. It was identified that the adult and elderly population stops consuming most foods to take care of their health as they get older, however they would be willing to go back in time and live life as they did when they were young. By consuming Kawsay Vitamin Chocolates, your consumers not only benefit from all its nutritional components, but also they are transported over time and they can once again consume a chocolate that takes care of their health, specially designed for them. The results of the Financial Evaluation indicate that it is profitable to produce and commercialize vitamin chocolates in the Quito market obtaining a return on investment for the investor and the project in 4 years and 4 months, obtaining profits from the second year for its great reception in the chocolate market in the Ecuadorian capital.El documento Plan de Negocios para la Producción y Comercialización de Chocolates con vitaminas para adultos y adultos mayores que cuidan de su salud en Quito, tiene como principal objetivo analizar la viabilidad de éxito del producto en el mercado. Kawsay Chocolates con vitaminas es elaborado con 70 por ciento Cacao Fino de Aroma Ecuatoriano y vitaminas A, C, D, E, K ofreciendo un chocolate nutritivo y delicioso al mismo tiempo. Para analizar qué tan aceptado se encontraría el presente producto en la mente de sus consumidores potenciales se elaboró una investigación cualitativa y cuantitativa que se basó en entrevistas a expertos, focus group, y encuestas a adultos y adultos mayores de la ciudad de Quito. Al procesar el análisis al cliente se pudo concluir que el 77.92 por ciento de la población aceptaría comprar y consumir el chocolate. Actualmente existen tendencias de salud positivas en la industria alimenticia que benefician el consumo del producto, donde sus consumidores priorizan mantener un estilo de vida saludable alimentándose únicamente de productos que nutran a su cuerpo. Se identificó que la población adulta y de la tercera edad deja de consumir algunos alimentos para cuidar de su salud a medida que envejecen, sin embargo, estarían dispuestos a regresar en el tiempo y vivir la vida como lo hacían de jóvenes. Al consumir Chocolates con vitaminas Kawsay sus consumidores no solo se benefician de todos sus componentes nutritivos si no que se transportan en el tiempo y pueden volver a consumir un chocolate que cuida de su salud, especialmente diseñado para ellos. Los resultados de la Evaluación Financiera indican que es rentable producir y comercializar chocolates con vitaminas en el mercado de Quito obteniendo un retorno de inversión para el inversionista y el proyecto en 4 años y 4 meses, obteniendo ganancias desde el segundo año por su gran acogida en el mercado de chocolates en la capital ecuatoriana
Plan de negocios para la consitución de un centro educativo inicial trilingüe en la ciudad de Quito
No full textInitial Education is an essential stage in children development, it is a bridge between home and what their student life will be. This phase is so important at their development because of the cognitive capacity that kids have during their first years of life, thus Children Of The World is a proposal to take advantage of their maximum capacities, ensure security and perform it through a dynamic methodology called Game based learning, developed by UNICED and LEGO Foundation. Nowadays, in Quito most of Day Care Centers have aimed their efforts on traditional teaching methods and offering bilingual education. Nevertheless, this project focuses on breaking those schemes and promote trilingual learning considering that Ecuador needs to perform this big step forward and develop strengths to their new generation. In the following analysis, the viability of developing a Day care Center in Quito will be performed through the evaluation of Ecuadorian environment, its industry, the pathway to reach a target market and the project structure. In addition, this business plan will be evaluated by a financial analysis to determine profitability and fundamental needs.La educación inicial es una etapa fundamental en el desarrollo de los niños, es el nexo entre sus hogares y lo que será su vida estudiantil. Esta fase es tan importante en su desarrollo debido a la capacidad cognitiva que los infantes tienen durante sus primeros años de vida, por ello Children Of The World es una propuesta para aprovechar al máximo las capacidades en los niños, velar por su seguridad y realizarlo mediante una metodología de educación dinámica llamada Aprendizaje basado en el juego, desarrollado por UNICEF y la Fundación LEGO. Actualmente, en la ciudad de Quito los Centros Educativos Iniciales han enfocado sus esfuerzos en la enseñanza tradicional y proporcionando educación bilingüe. No obstante, este proyecto busca romper esquemas y fomentar la docencia trilingüe considerando que el Ecuador necesita dar este paso hacia adelante y desarrollar destrezas para su nueva generación. En el siguiente análisis, se examinará la viabilidad para desarrollar un Centro Educativo Inicial Trilingüe dentro de la ciudad de Quito a través de una evaluación del entorno ecuatoriano, de su industria, la metodología para alcanzar a su mercado meta y la estructura de su composición. Adicionalmente, se evaluará a este Plan de Negocios según criterios de valoración financiera y con ello se determinarán sus principales necesidades y rentabilidad
Plan de negocios para la producción y exportación de encebollado en conserva ecológica a base de albacora pre cocida con adición de limón en polvo al segmento de migrantes ecuatorianos en New Jersey, Estados Unidos
No full textThis business plan seeks to determine the viability of the production and export of an ecologically preserved onion based on pre-cooked albacore to the segment of Ecuadorian migrants living in New Jersey, trying to meet the needs of migrants in terms of a diet based on Ecuadorian products. The company Lo Tradicional, creator of the 593 Encebollado product, wants its name to represent Ecuadorian food, launching a very traditional product that is very well received by the majority of Ecuadorian people such as encebollado. The state of New Jersey was chosen because it is the place with the greatest presence of Ecuadorians in the United States and at the time of having a high concentration of Latinos, a greater market segment can be obtained than could be found in other states. In New Jersey there are Ecuadorian stores, however, it is difficult to find traditional Ecuadorian foods ready to eat. To choose the target market, a quantitative and qualitative analysis was carried out in which a target market of 56,100 people was established, in the quantitative analysis it was established that the price at which people would be willing to buy an ecological canned onion is 21,599 is required.Este plan de negocios busca determinar la viabilidad de la producción y exportación de un encebollado en conserva ecológica a base de albacora pre cocida al segmento de migrantes ecuatorianos radicados en New Jersey, tratando de satisfacer las necesidades de los migrantes en cuanto a una alimentación basada en productos ecuatorianos. La empresa Lo Tradicional, creadora del producto 593 Encebollado busca que su nombre represente la comida ecuatoriana, lanzando un producto muy tradicional y que tiene mucha acogida por la mayoría de las personas ecuatorianas como es el encebollado. Se escogió el estado de New Jersey porque es el lugar con más presencia de ecuatorianos en Estados Unidos y al momento de tener mucha concentración de latinos se puede obtener un segmento de mercado mayor al que se podría encontrar en otros estados. En New Jersey sí existen tiendas ecuatorianas, sin embargo, se dificulta el encontrar alimentos tradicionales ecuatorianos listos para consumir. Para escoger el mercado objetivo se realizó un análisis cuantitativo y cualitativo en donde se estableció un mercado objetivo de 56100 personas, en el análisis cuantitativo se estableció que el precio al que las personas estarían dispuestas a comprar un encebollado en conserva ecológica es de 21 599 dólares