Petra Christian University, Surabaya, Indonesia: Peer-Reviewed Scientific e-Journal
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Seismic Damage State Limits of Non-Engineered Buildings Considering the Randomness of Ground Motions
No full textEarthquake-resistant structures are vital to achieving sustainable buildings as they minimize damage during seismic events and allow for easier repairs. In contrast, non-engineered buildings (NEBs) often suffer severe damage, contributing to waste that burdens the environment. Many residential buildings in Indonesia fall into this NEB category, so evaluating the extent of damage during earthquakes is essential. This study analyzed the seismic response of NEB using Incremental Dynamic Analysis (IDA). The dynamic pushover curves derived from the IDA were further examined to identify the damage limit states pertinent to NEB, considering the randomness of the ground motions. The proposed damage limit states, categorized into various levels (DS1-DS4) and their corresponding uncertainties due to random ground motions, highlight the vulnerability of NEBs to seismic events. The high probability of damage to NEBs makes stakeholders aware of the need to take measures to improve the resilience and, ultimately, the sustainability of residential buildings
Audit, Gender, and Taxes: The Interplay Between Female CEOs and Big Four Auditors
No full textThis research examines the relationship between CEOs’ gender and the presence of top-tier external auditors, specifically those from the Big Four, with corporate tax avoidance practices in Indonesia. Based on agency theory and considering Indonesia's unique institutional landscape, where women remain underrepresented in executive leadership, the study explores how gender and audit quality influence corporate financial behavior. Using 1,001 firm-year observations from publicly listed Indonesian companies between 2021 and 2023, regression analysis tested the effects of female leadership and Big Four auditors on tax strategies. Findings reveal that companies led by female CEOs tend to engage in higher levels of tax avoidance. However, when Big Four auditors are involved, this relationship weakens, demonstrating the role of high-quality audits in curbing managerial discretion and enhancing accountability. The study offers fresh insights into corporate governance in emerging markets
Analisis Pengaruh Brand Identity terhadap Brand Awareness dan Brand Image pada Brand “Menantea”
No full textSeperti yang dilansir dari Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS), statistika produksi teh di Indonesia meningkat sebanyak20,3% dari tahun sebelumnya, yakni 94,1 ton pada tahun 2021 dan 78,2 ton pada tahun 2020. Peningkatan jumlah produksi teh tersebut berkaitan erat dengan meningkatnya penikmat teh di Indonesia. Meningkatnya penikmat teh di Indonesia menarik para brand minuman teh untuk bersaing dalam industri minuman teh, seperti “Menantea”. “Menantea” merupakan sebuah brand minuman yang menjual berbagai varian teh yang didalam racikannya terdapat buah asli. Semakin padatnya persaingan didalam pasar menjadikan brand identity sebagai aset yang diperlukan dalam membentuk brand image dan brand awareness sebuah brand. Hal ini bertujuan untuk membuat brand menonjol dan menjadi pembeda dari kompetitornya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui adanya pengaruh brand identity terhadap brand awareness dan brand image pada “Menantea”. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian kualitatif deskriptif yang akan menganalisa elemen-elemen brand dan brand anatomy “Menantea”. Hasil analisa nantinya akan dibandingkan dengan hasil metode penelitian eksperimen yang termasuk dalam metode penelitian kuantitatif. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa brand identity memberikan pengaruh pada brand awareness dan brand image pada “Menantea”
Optimizing Ship Berthing Allocation Strategies at a Dry Bulk Fertilizer Terminal: A Simulation Approach Considering Material Handling Equipment Availability
No full textLong loading and unloading times at ports lead to demurrage costs, which occur when these activities exceed the agreed time. Demurrage is a penalty paid by shippers or charters to ship owners for delays. These delays can be caused by factors such as a lack of available docks or unprepared material handling equipment. This study examines dry bulk ports, focusing on four types of material handling, each with distinct characteristics and functions: the Continuous Ship Unloader (CSU) and Kangaroo Crane (KC) for unloading, and the Vessel Crane Flat Truck (VCFT), New Ship Unloader (NSL), and Vessel Crane with Dump Truck (VCDT) for loading. The CSU is the primary equipment for unloading, while the NSL is prioritized for loading bulk cargo. The variety of equipment and cargo adds complexity, best addressed through a discrete simulation approach. The study aims to identify the optimal berth allocation scenario, reducing loading and unloading times, waiting times, and demurrage costs using a discrete event simulation approach. Improvement scenario 2, which assigns berths based on the material being handled, resulted in a 33.49% increase in unloading revenue, a 1.81% increase in loading revenue, and a 13.54% reduction in demurrage costs
Maximizing Land Potential: A Highest and Best Use Analysis for Serviced Apartments in Bali
No full textBali, renowned as a global tourist destination, faces increasing demand for modern and flexible accommodations catering to both tourists and digital nomads. This study explores the development potential of a 1,000 m² plot in Sanur, Bali, into a serviced apartment using the Highest and Best Use (HBU) method. Legal, physical, financial, and market feasibility analyses proposed a layout with 45.1% apartment units, 54.9% supporting facilities, and 33.6% green spaces. A 12-year cash flow projection demonstrates financial viability, with an Internal Rate of Return (IRR) of 18.71%, a Net Present Value (NPV) of IDR 23.442 billion, and a discounted payback period of 11.39 years. This study shows that serviced apartments offer sustainable land use, aligning with market demand while delivering optimal economic returns. This development also supports Bali’s growth as a modern residential hub and reinforces its reputation as a dynamic global tourist destination
Modeling Fresh Product Delivery Routes with Heterogeneous Vehicle Routing Problem with Time Windows and Multi-Trips Model: : A Case Study
No full textThis study develops a Heterogeneous Vehicle Routing Problem with Time Windows and Multi-Trips (HVRPTWMT) model designed to minimize delivery distances for fresh products. The model addresses complex operational constraints inherent in real-world logistics, including time windows, heterogeneous fleets, and multi-trip requirements. A quantitative approach was employed to formulate the HVRPTWMT model, which was then solved using an analytical method to ensure a global optimum solution was found. The model's efficacy was demonstrated through its application to historical data from April 10, 2025, yielding an optimal total distance of 774.45 km across six efficient routes. Sensitivity analysis confirmed the model's robustness and responsiveness to critical parameter changes, such as vehicle capacity, demand fluctuations, and time limits. The developed HVRPTWMT model provides a globally optimal and rule-compliant solution for complex fresh product delivery logistics
Pendampingan Penguatan Kapasitas Kepala Sekolah Dalam Tranformasi Pendidikan Di Era Artificial Intelligence
No full textGenerasi Z, yang dicirikan sebagai generasi digital karena tumbuh dalam lingkungan yang digerakkan oleh teknologi. Oeh sebab itu, lembaga pendidikan harus menerapkan metode pengajaran yang adaptif, menggabungkan pembelajaran yang dipersonalisasi dan konten interaktif. Teknologi artificial intelligence (AI) memiliki potensi yang signifikan untuk merevolusi pendidikan. Namun, integrasi AI yang berhasil memerlukan investasi yang besar dalam pelatihan pendidik dan infrastruktur teknologi. Survei pendahuluan terhadap 30 kepala sekolah menengah di Surakarta mengungkap hambatan utama dalam memenuhi kebutuhan pendidikan Generasi Z. Kepala sekolah melaporkan tantangan dalam pengembangan kurikulum, relevansi materi pengajaran, dan kesiapan pendidik untuk menggunakan alat berbasis AI. Sebagai tanggapan, program pendampingan terstruktur dikembangkan, termasuk penilaian kebutuhan, lokakarya pelatihan, dan implementasi percontohan perencanaan pelajaran dan materi pengajaran yang dibantu AI. Program ini memperkenalkan berbagai alat seperti EdCofe, Consensus, dan Gamma, yang memungkinkan kepala sekolah untuk membuat sumber daya yang inovatif dan disesuaikan dengan tuntutan pembelajaran kontemporer. Hasil setelah pelatihan mengungkapkan sebesar 85% responden setuju bahwa rencana yang dihasilkan AI lebih terstruktur dan selaras dengan standar kurikulum selama promnya benar. Setalah pelatihan keragaman materi pengajaran meningkat, dengan 91% kepala sekolah mengakui akses ke berbagai sumber daya yang disesuaikan dengan berbagai gaya belajar. Evalusi dari para kepala sekolah sangat positif, dengan 90% menyatakan puas dengan pemanfaatan AI. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan AI tidak hanya meningkatkan efisiensi perencanaan pembelajaran, tetapi juga berkontribusi terhadap peningkatan kualitas pendidikan yang lebih relevan dengan karakteristik generasi digital
Optimizing Vehicle Routing for Perishable Products with Time Window Constraints: : A Case Study on Bread Distribution
No full textThis research investigates the application of optimization methods to the Capacitated Vehicle Routing Problem with Time Windows in the context of bread distribution for the efficiency of different approach for managing large-scale goods delivery. Managing this distribution requires considering complexities such as travel distance, vehicle capacity, and time windows. Specifically, it compares the performance of ALNS, SA, and GA in minimizing total travel distance while adhering to strict delivery windows. The research is conducted across different cases, each distinguished by varying levels of demand, nodes, and time windows for each case. Based on four cases, ALNS is the most effective method among the three methods in optimizing bread distribution. It was averagely 33.02% more efficient than SA and 57.21% than GA for minimizing travel distance and offering a robust solution, improving delivery efficiency across different case scenarios