Civil and Environmental Science Journal (CIVENSE - Fakultas Teknik Universitas Brawijaya)
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Ecobrick Method To Reduce Plastic Waste In Tanjung Mekar Village, Karawang Regency
Get PDFAccording to a survey by Nova Chemicals, Indonesia is the second largest contributor to sea waste after China, which is 1.29 million metric tons / year. At present there are still many people in Indonesia who throw garbage in any place, and can caused flooding in the river. The river is polluted with a lot of waste, one of which is the Citarum River. Citarum River is a river that is very important for residents of West Java. The condition of the Citarum River which is very alarming is polluted by waste and garbage. In the world\u27s leading survey site, the Citarum River occupies the 4th position for the dirtiest river problem. The rubbish that pollutes the Citarum River is more inorganic or unbiodegradable, for example plastic, bottles or beverage cups, plastic food wrapping, and so on. As we know plastic waste is very difficult to decompose, it takes more than 100 years to decompose the plastic decomposed or decompose completely. Plastic waste is one source of environmental pollution in Indonesia. The benefits of using plastic products must be balanced with the calculation of the negative impact produced. The nature of this plastic material makes it difficult to replace it with other materials for various applications, especially in everyday life ranging from food packaging, household appliances, children\u27s toys, electronics to automotive components. Increased use of plastic materials has resulted in increased production of plastic waste from year to year. The destruction of plastic waste by burning will only worsen the health because of the anti-dioxy substance produced. The most appropriate method used in dealing with waste is to use the Ecobrick method. The team of Pancasila University wanted to socialize how to make an ecobrick, and how strong the compressive on the ecobrick material was made. To overcome waste, especially plastic along the Citarum river. This socialization was held in Tanjung Mekar Village, Karawang Barat sub-district, Karawang Regency. The participants coming from the community of environmentalists (Eco Village). Community of eviromentalists hope will provide direction and socialization to their about the ecobrick method to deal with plastic waste that cannot be recycled. From the results of testing carried out at the Pancasila University concrete laboratory using ecobrick materials is plastic bottles filled with pure plastic, filled with sand, and a mixture of plastic and sand compared to red brick and concrete brick sold in the market, from the compressive strength test results it is known that the material ecobrick which contains of sand shows the greatest compressive strength value is 41.2 Mpa, compared to red brick which is 27 Mpa and concrete brick is 38 Mpa ecobrick has a higher compressive strength than other materials
Vibration Impact on Potentially Liquefactions Slope Deformation
No full textIn an area that has potential for earthquake has possibility of losing soil stability and causing physical soil damage, one of them is liquefaction. This research was conducted to determine the magnitude of deformation on slopes with potentially liquefaction. The soil slope samples were tested using shaking table with various slope and frequency was set. Research began with soil physical properties had unit weight of density 1.81 gr/cm3, moisture content 2.31%, specific gravity 2.72, sand properties with Cu is 2.1, Cc is 0.98 and angle of repose is 23.962°. By giving certain earthquake acceleration in the soil slope sample that was tested by shaking table, it was liquefaction occurred. Results of research, the greater slope and frequency given, so the lateral and axial deformation will increase. Minimum lateral deformation occurs at frequency 6.6 Hz with a slope 6° and maximum lateral deformation is 17 cm at frequency 9.5 Hz with slope 24°, while minimum axial deformation is 0.5 cm at frequency 8 Hz with slope 6° and maximum axial deformation is 5 cm at frequency 9.5 Hz with a slope 24°, but 12-degree slope can consider as a safe slope for slope which holding vibration
Cultivation of Chlorella Sp. and Algae Mix for NH3-N and PO4-P Domestic Wastewater Removal
Get PDFDomestic wastewater provides the largest contribution to pollution both in terms of quantity and quality. Therefore, before being discharged into the environment, wastewater needs to be managed first. This study used the cultivation of microalgae Chlorella Sp. and Algae Mix to manage domestic wastewater. The reactor used in the study was a 3L volume of water. The cultivation process was assisted by UV-A and UV-B with the air flow rate as much as 1.2L/min. Pollutant parameters being focused on were NH3-N and PO4-P nutrient parameters. Allowance for NH3-N by Chlorella sp. and algae mix are 54.9% and 49%, respectively. Allowance for PO4-P Chlorella sp. and algae mix is 70.2% and 57.1% while biomass increase of Chlorella Sp. and Algae Mix is 85.5% and 98.9%. Specific growth rate of Chlorella sp. and algae mix is 0.025 h-1 and 0.027 h-1. As a control on biomass growth, turbidity value in the study also increased
Performance of The Dispin Models with Automatic Parameter Calibration on The Transformation of Rainfall to Runoff Data
Get PDFThis article presents a new model of the DISPRIN Model combination with two different level optimization methods. The new model of DISPRIN Model combination and Differential Evolution (DE) algorithm is called DISPRIN25-DE Models and its incorporation with Monte Carlo Simulation method called DISPRIN25-MC Models. The case study is Lesti Watershed (319.14 Km2) in East Java. The model test uses a 10-year daily data set, from January 1, 2007 to December 31, 2016. Data series Year 2007 ~ 2013 as a set of training data for calibration and data Year 2014 ~ 2016 as testing data set for model validation. Running program DISPRIN25-DE Models with input parameter value C_min = 0, C_max = 1, H_min = 0, H_max = 600 mm obtained best fitness 0.044 m3/sec, NSE = 0.762 and PME = -0.059. The DISPRIN25-MC Models analysis generates a minimum RMSE of 0.056 m3/sec, NSE = 0.779, PME = -0.70. From the RMSE and NSE indicators it appears that both models can show an equivalent level of performance, but in terms of the PME indicator and iteration time is apparent The DISPRIN25-MC model has worse performance than the two DISPRIN25-DE models
Integrated Urban Drainage Management for Flood Inundation Controlling in Sidokare Area at Sidoarjo Regency
Get PDFFlood and inundation had become a serious problem in Sidoarjo Regency annually. This study aimed to apply integrated urban drainage management for flood inundation controlling at Sidokare Region in Sidoarjo Regency. This integrated drainage management consisted of retarding pond, drainage channel redesign, and pump utilization. The study region was divided into Sidokare Pump station, Sepande, and Diponegoro Street catchment area. Rainfall intensity during historical floods was analysed using Mononobe formula and Log Pearson Type III method was used to analyze design rainfall. From the result of the analysis, it wasfoundthat thehistoricalfloodsinstudyregioncausedbyrainfall withreturnperiodof1.01 years, with rainfall intensity of 17.55 mm/hour. It was also found that by implementing this integratedurbandrainagemanagementatSidokareRegion,floodcouldbereducedupto100%. ForSidokarePumpStationcatchmentarea,theinundationmanagementwasconductedbyusing combination of storage pool, existing drainage channel, and the existing flood pump. For Sepandecatchmentarea,itwasmanagedtousethecombinationofstoragepoolandtheexisting drainage channel. Meanwhile, Diponegoro Street catchment area was solved by utilizing new flood pump combining with new tertiary channel and existing drainagechannel
Analysis of Runoff Coefficient Value on Retention Ponds in Flores Island
Get PDFFlores Island is one of four big islands in NTT province with an area ±13,540 km divided into 8 districts. The area is included in areas with unequal distribution of rainfall. Therefore, the amount of water availability during the dry season is relatively low then require to attempts of rainwater harvesting. One of the alternatives is by building a retention pond. The important parameter in the calculation of water availability is the value of runoff coefficient. The purpose of this research is to invent the runoff coefficient value of 30 retention ponds in 8 districts of Flores Island. In this study use rainfall data, climatology and technical of retention basin for the analysis of run off coefficient. The analysis method uses the Penman modification for evapotranspiration calculation and method F.J. Mock for discharge calculation. The result in graphical model uses monthly rainfall data and land slope data. Based on the analytical calculation method, the value of run off coefficient for each district in Flores was ranging 0.00 - 0.72. The minimum value of runoff coefficient happened in November was ranging from 0.00 - 0.39, and the maximum value of runoff coefficient happened in January was ranging from 0.48 - 0.72
Analysis of The Correlation Between Land Use Changes in Sub Watershed Wuno Toward Lifetime of Wuno Reservoir, Sigi District, Central Sulawesi Province
Get PDFWuno Reservoir is located in Sigi Biromaru District, Sigi Regency, Central Sulawesi Province. It is planned for 50 years. This analysis to known the condition of ideal land use so that the life time of the reservoir reaches 50 years. Trend of land use change, erosion and sediment rate estimation using the ArcSWAT model. During 2008-2016, natural forest land use showed a downward trend, while mixed gardens, shrubs, fields and settlements showed an increasing trend. The erosion rate in 2008-2010 increased by 72.5%, in 2010-2012 it increased by 1.45%, in 2012-2014 decreased by 0.09% and in 2014-2016 increased by 0.98%. In 20082016 Low BEHI area was reduced by 3.74%, medium BEHI was increasing by 14.11%, BEHI High increased by 16.57% and BEHI Very High increased by 12.64%. This shows that the rate of erosion and the extent of BEHI are influenced by changes in land use. Based on the results of analyzing the lifetime of the reservoir, changes in land use also affect the reduced useful life of the reservoir. Vegetative land conservation efforts are adjusting forest areas so that rate of erosion decreases by 62.75%. Mechanical land conservation efforts in the form of the construction of 6 check dams so that weight of sediment decreases by 89.24%
Inspections of Hydro-Geotechnical on Ngancar Dam
Get PDFBesides having great benefits, dam also holds enormous potential dangers. The collapsed dam will cause devastating flood along the river resulting in loss of lives, properties, damage to public facilities and environment, especially in the downstream area. For safety and prevent the occurrence of the disaster, the operational of dam should always be monitored, inspected and maintained properly continually. With a good monitoring, dam managers will discover as early as possible the problems emerging in the dam, and then perform the appropriate steps to prevent the development of the problems. This paper will perform hydro-geotechnical analysis as a review current condition of slope stability based on the result of soil investigation on present dam condition and review instrumentations installed in Ngancar Da
The analysis of rainwater harvesting carrying capacity on water domestic supply for dwelling areas in Indonesia
Get PDFThis research aims to promote the method to design rainwater harvesting facilities in Indonesian dwelling areas. The estimation of rainwater harvesting (RWH) carrying capacity is undertaken using a simulation involving rainfall, inflow, and outflow data. The research was undertaken in Natar sub-district, Southern Lampung, Indonesia. Daily rainfall data from Branti Airport from 2013 to 2017 are used for the simulation. Research shows that houses in the study area can supply approximately 35% of their domestic water needs by applying RWH. This means that the support capacity of rainwater harvesting in the study area revolves around that value. The research also shows intensity of rainfall will greatly affect the carrying capacity of RWH. In addition to rainfall, the economic ability of a family plays an important role in planning the dimensions of a RWH facility in a house. Finally, maintenance of RWH facilities on a regular basis is important to ensure the operational effectiveness of RWH
El-nino effect on reservoir volumetric (A case study of the Batujai Dam on the island of Lombok)
Get PDFEl-Nino has been occurred from 1952 to 2016 with the types of weak, medium, strong and very strong. The event of El-Nino has significant impact on all aspects of economy, social, industry and agriculture. There is a decrease in the quantity of water resources such as in the reservoir where the reservoir inflow becomes very small and the water outflow becomes high. At the event of very strong El-Nino is occurred some of the reservoirs will dry. The aim of the research is to investigate the deficit capacity of the reservoir in the event of El-Nino. The data analyzed in this article were the volume of the half-month reservoir, especially in the event of El-Nino events. The analysis of frequency deficit probability was using Weibull probability and Log Pearson Type III distribution. The results show significant decrease in reservoir water volume over a very long-time period. The reservoir volume never reached maximum water level and persists for almost one year. The deficit of reservoir volumes reached was 16,01x106 m3, 18.64x106 m3, and 21,07x103 m3 for weak, moderate, and very strong El-Nino, respectively