National Journal glaucoma / Национальный журнал глаукома
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Диагностические возможности транспальпебральной тонометрии индикатором ИГД-03
Get PDFPURPOSE: To compare IOP measurements with transpalpebral IGD-03 device, Maklakov's tonometer and bidirectional applanation of the cornea in glaucoma patients and suspects. METHODS: The study included 70 patients with primary open-angle glaucoma and glaucoma suspects aged from 41 to 89 years. 92 eyes had hypotensive treatment. IOP measurement with bidirectional applanation of the cornea (Ocular Response Analyzer), transpalpebral tonometry (IGD-03 device) and contact applanation tonometry (Maklakov's tonometer, 10 g) were performed in all patients consistently. RESULTS: Mean IOP, measured with different tonometers, was comparable considering the calibration details: IOPcc - 18.5+5.7 mm Hg, IOPg - 17.5+5.5 mm Hg, applanation tonometric IOP - 22.2+4.3 mmHg and transpalpebral IOP - 20.9+4.2 mm Hg. It is possible that patient's position during measurement had affected results. All IOP measurements were directly strongly correlated with each other (r>0.7). We discovered diagnostic value of all devices, statistically normal IOP was revealed in 12.8% cases with IGD-03, in 14.3% - with Maklakov's tonometer and in 28.6% cases of IOPcc measurements. CONCLUSION: Diagnostic value of transpalpebral tonometry was equal to Maklakov's applanation tonometry
Влияние различных консервантов на состояние роговицы при инстилляции аналогов простагландинов
Get PDFНейровизуализация дегенеративных изменений при первичной открытоугольной глаукоме
Get PDFThis literature review presents an analysis of diagnostic methods for neurodegenerative changes in the visual analyzer pathways in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma. The majority of patients with long duration glaucoma even with normalized intraocular pressure present with progressive deterioration of visual functions. According to recent reports of glaucomatous damage is not limited to retinal ganglion cells, but extends over the entire visual pathway: retina, optic nerve, optic chiasm, optic tract, lateral geniculate nucleus, optic radiation and the cerebral cortex. The article presents the results of primary open-angle glaucoma patients' examination with standard magnetic resonance imaging, functional magnetic resonance imaging and diffusion tensor imaging. The results of morphological studies, which confirm the degenerative changes identified through noninvasive methods, are also presented. Recent years saw an increasing frequency of scientific work in which primary open-angle glaucoma was treated as a neurodegenerative disease, along with such diseases as Alzheimer's disease. This review recounts the facts that unite these diseases. A full understanding of retrobulbar glaucomatous damage may allow for more effective primary open-angle glaucoma diagnostics and contribute to the discovery of new therapeutic strategies for the protection of the optic nerve
Исследование клинической эффективности дженерика латанопроста 0,005% в составе комбинированной терапии первичной открытоугольной глаукомы
Get PDFPURPOSE: To assess hypotensive efficiency and conduct a compositional analysis of different samples of generic latanoprost 0,005% (Prolatan, “Sentiss Rus”, India) in combined treatment of primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) patients.METHODS: The study included patients with different stages of POAG. Initially, patients received a separate combination therapy that included beta-blockers and prostaglandins. After prostaglandin discontinuation and a subsequent 2-week wash-out period, during which the patients received only beta-blockers monotherapy, latanoprost 0.005% analogue Prolatan (“Sentiss Rus”, India) was added to treatment. IOP was measured at the baseline level, after the wash-out period and 1, 2 and 3 months after the beginning of the new drug administration. Different samples of generic latanoprost 0.005% (Prolatan, “Sentiss Rus”, India) were analyzed in a certified laboratory by means of reverse phase highly efficient liquid chromatography using «Milichrom A-02» with an ultraviolet detector.RESULTS: The study included 25 patients (45 eyes) with POAG. The average age of patients was 65.7±9.2 years. Baseline IOP in patients with basic therapy by non-fixed combination of beta-blockers and prostaglandin analogues was 19.47±2.08 mm Hg. After 3 months of combined therapy with latanoprost 0.005% analogue Prolatan level of IOP was 18.07±1.78 mm Hg. Comparison of baseline IOP level with post drug replacement therapy IOP level showed a statistically significant difference (p<0.05). The results of chromatography showed that different samples of generic latanoprost 0.005% (Prolatan, “Sentiss Rus”, India) are identical in composition and contain three peaks, each consisting of several components.CONCLUSION: Obtained data allows us to recommend the use of generic forms of latanoprost 0.005% in combination therapy of patients with different stages of POAG
Влияние разгрузочных медикаментозных проб на стереометрические характеристики зрительного нерва при первичной открытоугольной глаукоме
Get PDFСовременные методы функциональной диагностики и мониторинга глаукомы. Часть 2. Диагностика структурных повреждений сетчатки и зрительного нерва
Get PDFGlaucoma is a chronic optic neuropathy, characterized by ganglion cell loss and specific changes in the optic nerve head (ONH) and retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL). Early glaucoma detection plays an important role in preventing permanent structural damage development and irreversible vision loss. Glaucoma diagnostics is based on examination of structural damage to the optic nerve and visual functions evaluation. The results of ONH and RNFL clinical evaluation are subjective and can vary to a great extent. As a result, much recent research has been devoted to developing additional objective diagnostic methods, such as the use of confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscopy, scanning laser polarimetry and optical coherence tomography for evaluating the OHN status. In order to provide early detection of visual field defects some researchers consider the possibility of replacing standard automated perimetry (SAP) with the selective automated perimetry, that includes the short-wavelength automated perimetry (SWAP) and frequency-doubling technology perimetry (FDT). This article presents a review of modern methods available for glaucoma diagnostics with emphasis on their clinical use
Клинико-морфологические доказательства влияния консервантов на поверхность глаза при первичной открытоугольной глаукоме
Get PDFЛазериндуцированное повышение гидропроницаемости склеры в лечении резистентных форм открытоугольной глаукомы
Get PDFPURPOSE: Investigation of nondestructive influence of pulse-periodic laser emission (wave length 1.56 μm) on microstructure changes in human sclera (in vitro), it's hydropermeability in rabbit sclera (in vivo) and also hypotensive effect in treatment of resistant form of primary open-angled glaucoma in preliminary clinical trials. METHODS: We used two types of ophthalmological laser devises: 1) diode laser ophthalmocoagulator «LAHTA-МILON» (St-Petersburg, Russia) with wave length 1.56 mμ, 2) diode laser ophthalmocoagulator OcuLight SLx («Iridex», USA) with wave length 0.83 mμ. Morphological investigation was carried out in 16 rabbit eyes by means of semifine section method and atom force microscopy (NаnoScope Veeco Instruments, cantilever Nanosensors ATEC-NC-50, USA). Clinical trials included 76 patients (76 eyes) aged 27-91 years (32 males and 44 females), who were divided into two groups depending on the used technology - traditional or original. RESULTS: Our study revealed laser-induced restructuring of the sclera and formation of submicron pores in collagen tissue promoting local increase of hydropermeability. The first-time presented clinical results prove the proposed laser technology capable of producing a stable hypotensive effect for the 12-month follow-up period. CONCLUSION: The new technology based on the thermomechanical effect of laser radiation on the microporous structure of the human sclera has an advantage over the acclaimed technologies of laser cyclodestruction applied in the treatment of resistant forms open-angled glaucoma
Эндотелиальная дисфункция и тромбоцитарный гемостаз при первичной открытоугольной глаукоме
Get PDFPURPOSE: To study the von Willebrand factor (vWF) level and platelet aggregation in primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG). METHODS: Ophthalmic examination, color doppler imaging of ocular blood flow, plasma level of vWF, spontaneous and induced platelet aggregation were performed in 67 patients with high pressure glaucoma (HPG), 41 patient with normal tension glaucoma (NTG) and 38 control subjects. The statistical analysis included standard methods of variation statistics. The threshold P value for statistical significance was 0.05. RESULTS: The mean level of vWF was increased in HPG (113.25±24.31%, р=0.009) and NTG (106.85±21.02%, р=0.012) in comparison with control group (93.86±17.13%), platelet aggregation was increased in all glaucoma patients (while in the control group adrenalin-induced aggregation was 49.71±15.96% and ristocetin-induced aggregation was 53.56±8.80%, in HPG it was 63.34±20.42%, р=0.043, and 79.45±28.63%, р=0.01; in NTG 62.3±11.53%, р=0.047, and 68.98±12.42%, р=0.022, correspondingly). Patients with endothelial dysfunction (with increased level of vWF) had reduced diastolic and mean velocity of blood flow in central retinal artery, posterior short and long ciliary arteries in comparison with patients without endothelial dysfunction in HPG and NTG. CONCLUSION: The obtained results indicate the importance of endothelial dysfunction and platelet hemostasis in POAG pathogenesis
