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Steward House, ca.1960
No full textThis photograph was taken sometime around 1960. The cabin appears to be dilapidated and without occupants. There are a few small trees surrounding the building with one larger partially shown in the left hand side of photo. A few straggling leaves are left on branches and many on the ground.
This cabin has been said to have been built in 1870 and possibly the first hotel. No facts have been found as of yet to support this idea.
Caption on the back of photograph reads, This house is said to have stood at the top of Lincoln Drive. It is said that this (Steward Cabin) was the first cabin in Grand Forks.https://commons.und.edu/gf-city-photos/1279/thumbnail.jp
Eddy\u27s Bakery
No full textDate of photograph unknown. Eddy\u27s Bakery (1936-1982) opened it\u27s doors for the first time on April 13, 1936 at 500 Skidmore Avenue, altered to 500 Gateway Drive in the early 1960s. The location was previously occupied by Barker Bakery Co.(1934)and later became Sweetheart Bakery in 1983.
The structure is a two-story brick building, 150 by 125 feet in size. It was built about five years ago and has been unoccupied for two years... (Grand Forks Herald, March 19, 1936. p.5)https://commons.und.edu/gf-city-photos/1281/thumbnail.jp
Meeting with the Secretary of Ag
No full textRepresentative Rolland Redlin (right) stares intently while North Dakota Governor Bill Guy and Orville Freeman, the U.S. Secretary of Agriculture, hold a conversation.
Bill Guy served as the Governor of North Dakota from 1961 to 1973, making him the longest-serving governor in the state\u27s history. Redlin was a member of the U.S. House of Representatives from 1965 to 1967 and later served in the North Dakota State Senate from 1973 to 2000.rsation.
Bill Guy served as North Dakota Governor from 1961 until 1973. He left office as the longest serving Governor in state history. Redlin served in the U.S. House of Representatives from 1965 to 1967 and in the North Dakota State Senate from 1973 to 2000.https://commons.und.edu/nd-politics-photos/1614/thumbnail.jp
State Politicians with the Secretary of Agriculture
No full textFrom left to right: North Dakota Governor Bill Guy, U.S. Secretary of Agriculture Orville Ferrman, Representative Rolland Redlin, and Senator Quentin Burdick hold a conversation.
The son of Representative Usher Burdick, Quentin Burdick represented North Dakota in the United States House of Representatives from 1958 to 1960 and the United States Senate from 1960 until his death in 1992.
Bill Guy served as North Dakota Governor from 1961 until 1973. He left office as the longest serving Governor in state history.
Rolland Redlin served in the U.S. House of Representatives from 1965 to 1967 and in the North Dakota State Senate from 1973 to 2000.https://commons.und.edu/nd-politics-photos/1612/thumbnail.jp
Rolland Redlin with Norman Clapp of the Rural Electrification Administration
No full textRepresentative Rolland Redlin (left) visits with Norman Clapp of the Rural Electrification Administration (REA). A U.S. map of the REA regions and an U.S. flag are in the background.
Redlin served in the U.S. House of Representatives from 1965 to 1967 and in the North Dakota State Senate from 1973 until 2000.https://commons.und.edu/nd-politics-photos/1611/thumbnail.jp
Dynamics of the Mind: Factors of Physical Activity and the Affects that Come from Exercise
No full textThis paper explores a deep dive into the benefits of physical activity and exercise. In this piece of literature we look at six studies and sources that give you the advantages of how physical activity affects psychology, the dynamics of movements, and the behavioral aspects of one’s mental health. As research continues to come out over the past decades, we see a positive correlation between health and physical activity (Penedo & Dahn, 2005). Studies still show to this day that moderate physical activity may decrease the risk of many diseases and disorders that you may be genetically adaptable to (Miller et al., 2016). As we grow older, we find the elder generation getting into physical activity to better their health or help control the preexisting condition that they may already have. In all these next studies, one thing stays the same: the benefits you receive. As you will learn, physical activity may promote the longevity of your life and allow you to meet great people, build stronger relationships, and become more confident in your own abilities to complete everyday tasks
Winter Commencement: December 19, 2025
No full textUND Winter Commencement program from December 19, 2025
Cross Cancer Toxicogenomic Modeling Of Arsenic Exposure Identifies A Four Gene Signature For Lung Cancer Risk
No full textArsenic is a naturally occurring carcinogenic element linked to DNA damage via reactive oxidation and epigenetic alteration that is ubiquitous throughout nature and has been associated with oncogenesis in the lungs, bladder, skin, and liver. Lung Cancer is both the most diagnosed cancer worldwide and the deadliest, comprising approximately 12.4% of all cancers globally and contributing to more human cancer death than any other condition, with roughly 90% of cases arising due to tobacco smoking, which exposes the user to arsenic trioxide and synergistic carcinogenicity when exposure includes both smoking and consumption of arsenic-contaminated drinking water. A novel set of 147 genes associated with arsenic exposure and correlated with molecular cancer hallmarks was recently identified and analyzed to develop a risk prediction model for bladder cancer tumorigenesis. This research examines the same 147 genes in publicly available gene expression datasets and uses a logistic regression model to identify the genes most predictive of lung cancer risk. A panel of 4 genes (ARHGEF10, ADARB1, CRIM1, SEC14L1) was discovered that showed strong diagnostic capability on both training and validating datasets, yielding an AUC of 0.894 (95% CI: 0.857 – 0.931) and 0.831 (95% CI: 0.794 – 0.868), respectively. The predictive value of the model was then tested with the addition of clinical covariates from the available metadata, to include smoking status, age, and sex. The best performance of the model is observed when all three clinical covariates are included, achieving an AUC of 0.929 (95% CI: 0.903–0.955) on training data and AUC of 0.871 (95% CI: 0.836–0.907) on validation data. All models were statistically significant (p \u3c 0.001), supporting the relevance of clinical variables in lung cancer risk prediction, the translational and clinical potential of the model in personalized cancer risk assessment, and the usefulness of leveraging toxicogenomic signals for cross-cancer analysis
The Role Of C-X-C Chemokine Receptor Type 5 (CXCR5) On Sex-Dependent Neurobehavioral Changes In The Sub Clinically Sensitized Individuals With Repeated Allergen Exposure
No full textFood allergen consumption has been suspected to influence mood and behavior in individuals who are sensitized but tolerant to the food. Using a mouse model of subclinical cow’s milk allergy (CMA), we previously showed that C57BL/6J mice sensitized to β-lactoglobulin (BLG, Bos d 5) exhibited elevated BLG-specific IgE levels even without observable allergic reactions, suggest developing immune responses towards the allergen. We also observed elevated cytokine and chemokine levels, astrogliosis and cortical demyelination along with behavioral changes such as anxiety-like and depression-like behavior after consuming a whey-containing diet for two weeks. Furthermore, we demonstrated the possible immune cell infiltration and interaction in central nervous system (CNS) with elevated CD45+ immunoreactive cells in brain parenchyma and degranulated mast cells associated with IgE in the dura of BLG-sensitized mice. Moving forward with these previous observations, next we determined how peripheral inflammatory signal reaches the CNS and promotes neurobehavioral changes. We hypothesized that BLG-induced specific chemokine receptor-expressing immune cell phenotype/s migrate to the CNS via chemotaxis and promote neurobehavioral changes. To test this hypothesis, we conducted three studies using male and female CMA mice. Study one conducted to determine whether specific chemokine receptor-expressing immune cell phenotype/s elevated in CMA mouse brains and demonstrated CXCR5+ immune cells significantly increased only in male CMA mouse brains. Next, we conducted study two to determine whether CMA induced CXCR5+ immune cells migrating from periphery to the brain and promoting neurobehavioral changes, finding fluorescently labeled splenocytes migrate to the dura, increased brain microglia, CXCR5-expression on neurons and elevated brain CXCL13 levels in BLG-sensitized male recipients. Parallel to the study two, study three was performed by blocking CXCR5 chemokine receptor to determine the effect of CXCR5-CXCL13 chemotaxis on CMA-induced neurobehavioral changes, and found CXCR5 chemokine receptor blocking reduced microgliosis, CXCR5 expression on neurons, CXCL13 levels and improved behavior in male CMA mice. Together findings of this dissertation indicate significant therapeutic approach of blocking CXCR5 receptor on food-allergy induced neurobehavioral pathology in sub clinically sensitized individuals with repeated allergen exposure