American Scientific Research Journal for Engineering, Technology, and Sciences (ASRJETS)
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Mathematical Digital Terrain Model (DTM) Data for Testing DTM Generation Methodologies and Software
Get PDFDeveloping a method for interpolation of data points for forming DTM involves thousands of complicated computations. Checking of such computations requires errorless and well-defined input data and end results from a large number of DTM points. Measured, or actual, DTM data points may not be available or invariably have errors which affect the course of the computations and analysis. Most of these problems can be overcome by mathematically generating DTM data points. This paper focuses on developing software, called MathDTM, for generating mathematical (simulated) DTM data at desired specifications. An overview of the development and capabilities of MathDTM software platform based on Windows system is presented. The developed software was used for testing the performance and accuracy of different interpolation methods of Surfer software. The results of these tests were then discussed and evaluated
Evaluation of s355nl Steel Welded by Flux Cored Arc Welding Using Different Tubular Wires
Get PDFHigh strength low alloy (HSLA) steels are used in several industrial sectors, as they have good mechanical strength and easy weldability. This HSLA is present in several areas, such as naval, petrochemical, piping, and civil construction. S355 NL steel is HSLA grade and has its application in the manufacture of the Brazilian submarine. For the manufacture and finishing of a Brazilian submarine, countless welds are performed during the assembly steps. The welding process currently applied is FCAW (Flux Cored Arc Welding), and the currently applied filler metal is of French origin. However, this import, from France to Brazil, makes manufacturing costs high and the waiting time for the imported product to arrive is long. Thus, in this work, the idea was to characterize a national filler metal (Brazilian) that similarly maintained the microstructure and consequently its mechanical and electrochemical properties concerning the imported filler metal (French). Therefore, the present work aimed at the microstructural, mechanical, and electrochemical characterization of S355NL structural steel welded by the FCAW process with national tubular wire (Brazilian) and imported tubular wire (French). We performed microstructural characterization with the aid of optical microscopy (OM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). For the mechanical characterization, we performed the following tests: tensile test, Vickers hardness, and impact at room temperature and -40ºC. In the electrochemical characterization, it generated polarization curves where the samples were exposed to a 3.5% NaCl solution to test the behavior in corrosive media. The results showed that the wires, national and imported, behaved homogeneously and uniformly concerning the mechanical properties. In the electrochemical part, the national material presented in the weld metal a corrosion current density interesting. Therefore, the national tubular wire is a promising filler metal for the welding application of this Brazilian submarine
Effect of Strenuous Exercise on Various Blood Parameters in Polo Horses at High Altitude (3,734 M)
Get PDFHorses require heaps of energy in order to perform well. Proper care and management should therefore be provided to the racehorses so as to keep they perform at their optimum. The experiment used for normal horses. The blood samples were collected in the morning before subjecting the horses to polo match/ strenuous exercise and immediately after the physical activity. Various blood tests such as the complete blood count, lipid, protein tests were done. Significant elevations in the white blood cells (WBC), hemoglobin (Hb) and some serological parameters in the blood polo horses were recorded after exercise. This study confirmed the findings of exercise on different blood parameters which can be possibly used as an index of fitness in horses
The Human Heart: Deviating from the Golden Ratio and Diagnosing Disease
Get PDFThe golden ratio (golden section, golden mean, divine proportion) is an irrational number whose value is approximately ? = 1.618. The golden ratio has imposed itself throughout history as a kind of principle of unison and harmony that is so subtly and fascinatingly repeated in nature, science, art, and even in the structure and function of the human body. What is typical for the golden ratio is that it places the larger segment in relation to the smaller segment, uniting them into a single whole, which again place it in the same relationship with its larger part. If we consider the cardiac cycle as one such whole, its “larger segment” would refer to the diastolic phase, while the “smaller segment” would refer to the systolic phase of one cardiac cycle. In this article, the mathematical processing of 100 ECG records included the measurement of intervals representing the systolic and diastolic phases of the cardiac cycle, where the ratio of diastolic and systolic phases, and the ratio of one cardiac cycle and diastolic phase was obtained. The study has shown that people with normal ECG records have a ratio of the diastolic and systolic phases of the cardiac cycle, and the cardiac cycle and the diastolic phase, which are very close to the golden ratio. On the other hand, persons whose ECG records indicate certain pathological conditions in the heart muscle have ratios of diastolic and systolic phase, and of the total cardiac cycle and diastolic phase, which deviate to varying degrees from the value of the golden ratio. It has been shown that for a certain pathological condition there is a characteristic deviation of the diastole/systole and cardiac cycle/diastole ratio from the number ?, which opens the possibility of applying this method as a potential diagnostic or screening method in rapid analysis of ECG records
Management of Rare Case of Massive Bleeding from a Right-sided Colonic Diverticular Disease
Get PDFBleeding related to diverticular disease occurs in 10 to 30% of patients suffering from diverticular disease. The source is more frequently in the right colon. Typically, the bleeding is massive, with 15% of the patients admitted in shock [1]. We report a case of 70 year old man presented to the emergency department with sudden rectal bleeding in need of transfusion, just after two days of non steroidal anti-inflammatory auto medication for joint pain. The patient treated with oral anticoagulation for coronary artery disease. Laboratory findings revealed very low hemoglobin of 5,1 g/dl when the patient presented at hospital. The esophagogastroduodenoscopy was normal. An abdominal computed tomography (CT) revealed contrast extravasation in the ascending colon from a solitary diverticulum .we didn’t have the ability to perform an artery embolization or an endoscopic treatment especially because the patient was shocked. So the patient was operated and a right hemicolectomy was performed. After the surgery he recovered quickly and no bleeding recurred
Mini Review: Q Fever (Coxiellosis): Epidemiology, Pathogenesis and Current Laboratory Diagnosis
Get PDFQ fever is zooantroponozis with global distribution caused by the strictly intracellular bacterium Coxiella burnetii. Causative agent of Q fever is an obligate intracellular parasite, classified in the genus Coxiella, family Coxiellaceae, class Gammaproteobacteria. The importance of the disease was assessed both in terms of human health and the serious economic damage they cause on livestock. Clinical manifestation of Q fever in humans is characterized by a wide variety - from asymptomatic infection to a chronic disease that can be fatal. Several basic methods have been developed to detection of C. burnetii. PCR and C. burnetii genomic sequences in whole blood are a sensitive and safe method of detection, with >90% sensitivity. A four-fold or greater rise of (CF) antibody (phase 2) between the paired sera is also diagnostic approach. Sensitivity of a four-fold rise in titre has been estimated as 73% ÷78% and specificity has been estimated as 90%, respectively. EIA is method with highly sensitive and specific. EIA detect IgM and then IgG antibodies which develop to phase II antigens in 10 to 14 days from symptom onset. IFA tests are of particular value for confirmation of acute infection and for diagnosis of chronic infection with high sensitivity. The technique detected IgG, IgM and IgA immunoglobulin classes. Suitable specimens for C. burnetii detection are blood samples. Although scientific interest in Q fever has always existed, a number of facts concerning the unforeseen nature of the epidemic, various clinical manifestations both in humans and in animals, the opportunities for chronic and other features of infection remain unclear. For this reason, timely and highly sensitive laboratory diagnosis is crucial for the outcome of the disease and subsequent treatment and monitoring
Effect of Microwaved Water on the Growth of Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) Seedlings
Get PDFThe purpose of this project was to investigate the effects of microwave-heated water on the growth of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) seedlings, in order to observe the effects of microwave radiation. Three groups of seedlings were used, one treated with tap water, one with microwaved water and one with boiled water and these were studied for 5 weeks. Analysis of the results showed that both microwaved and boiled water increased the overall growth rate of the length of the stem of the seedlings compared to tap water, with boiled water having the most positive effect. This suggests that the effects of microwave radiation were not harmful to the treated plants and therefore the use of microwave appliances in households to heat substances for human consumption may not alter these substances negatively or affect human health
Assessment of the Relationship between Design and Performance in Infectious Diseases Isolation Facility of Nigerian Hospitals
Get PDFThe high and continuous spread of infectious disease such as Corona virus (COVID-19) has affected public health globally. The preparedness of hospitals in the face of this situation is a problem in the Nigerian context, hospitals were faced with the problems of lack of viral containment spaces to isolate suspected cases and treat the infected patients. This research aims at assessing the relationship between design and performance in infectious disease isolation facility of Nigerian hospitals with a view to a framework for setting-up of infectious disease isolation facility in Nigerian hospitals. The research objectives are as follows: (1) To determine the relationship between design and performance of infectious diseases isolation centres in Nigerian hospitals, (2) To determine the perception of medical practitioners in the performance of infectious diseases isolation centre of Nigerian hospitals and (3) To develop a framework or a model for the setting-up of IDIC in Nigerian hospitals. The above objectives were achieved through the employment of quantitative research design approach. This method uses survey questionnaires, about 35 were distributed for the whole sample population, reliability test was conducted, the hypothesis was tested and found significant at P < 0.05 confidence interval. A correlation analysis was conducted. Simple statistical analysis was conducted to determine the mean and frequencies of the analysed data The result of quantitative analysis were presented in frequency tables and pie charts from SPSS v21 analysis output. The result shows that there is a positive relationship between design and performance i.e. the more accurate and satisfying the design is, the higher the result or outcome and performance from the end-users
Research: What Underpins the Teaching Action?
Get PDFThe purpose of this article is to analyze the main ideas and convergences in research used and debates among authors and experts who have dedicated themselves to teacher education, as well as to understand how they teach and learn before and after the approaches presented here. This article is divided into two parts: in the first, a synthesis of the main discussions about the ideas of teacher education in Brazil, and the world is presented. The second discusses the challenges and possibilities posed as results presented from the analysis of the teachers interviewed. It seems unquestionable that the changes in the structure of Brazilian education required a pedagogical project for the training and professionalization of teachers, in line with the intended changes in education. However, it is fundamental that the intervention raises the levels of consciousness, autonomy, and criticality of individuals, to follow them to a path of transformation, equipped with reflection, about their practices: the human praxis
Acrylic Composite Biomaterials for Dental Applications: A Review of Recent Progress
Get PDFPolymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) is regarded as one of the most widely used and prominent biomaterials for biomedical applications, particularly in dental technology. The unique properties of PMMA regarding its aesthetics, price-affordable availability, easy manipulation, low density, and tailorable mechanical behaviours, make it an eminently suitable biomaterial for such applications. Despite its beneficial properties, PMMA has also some shortcomings in terms of susceptibility to hydrolytic degradation and having insufficient mechanical properties that could prevent this material to be able to handle the various applied forces during its use, which in turn make it vulnerable to fracture. Furthermore, PMMA could serve as a substrate to growth of harmful bacteria and fungi such as Candida glabrata that can cause agents of oral cavity infection and could seriously affect the stamina and person’s health in general. A wide range of approaches have been developed in order to enhance not only the mechanical and thermal behaviours but also water sorption, solubility and the biological activities of PMMA. Incorporating of reinforcement additives into PMMA matrix can improve these properties of PMMA. Several methods and materials have been utilised to reinforce acrylic resin denture base. One of these methods is the reinforcement by using particles whether from natural or synthetic sources including metals and ceramics. Apart from their sources, the particles surface characteristics, quantity and level of dispersion play an essential role in overall behaviour of the composites. Other types of reinforcements are natural and human-made fibers. Each of such has merits and disadvantages; while the synthetic fibers can provide better mechanical properties, natural fibers promote creating better composites in terms of biocompatibility and affordability. Nanotubes are the other spectacular kind of materials being utilised in some studies as a reinforcing phase for PMMA composites. This review will highlight the recent studies that have been conducted for the last decade regarding the development of PMMA-based composite biomaterials for dental applications