Les Editions IMODEV (Institut du Monde et du Développement pour la Bonne Gouvernance Publique)
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Smart city et géométrie de la nature : la capacité d'un smart government à modéliser les affaires publiques comme une itération quantique
Get PDFLes smart cities sont construites en immergeant la technologie dans la nature sans l’endommager, mais en l’imitant dans un but social. Les villes sont confrontées à des processus de transformation mal compris, qui nécessitent de nouvelles stratégies pour faire face aux problèmes structurels, sociaux, politiques et technologiques, qui sont étroitement liés à la dimension éthique. C’est ici que le contexte trace de fines lignes à partir desquelles les premiers coups de pinceau d’un Smart Governemnt formé par une société qui sait comment reconstruire et concevoir son propre environnement durable, utilise l’approche itérative, qui est supérieure à l’approche linéaire, l’itération permet des mutations technologiques pendant le processus rendant l’architecture du paysage plus robuste, flexible et agile car des erreurs ou défauts éventuels peuvent être détectés et corrigés dans chaque itération et ainsi nous pouvons observer la construction dans son intégralité. L’itération donne vie à tout ce qui est projeté et augmente sa qualité. Pour fabriquer la smart city, nous recréons les fonctions itératives de la nature, à partir d’une première estimation immersive de la réalité que vous souhaitez construire
Parliamentary openness and governance reform, the last shot to gain people’s trust in Lebanon
No full textLebanon’s history along with its pluri-confessional nature explain the difficulties in carrying out reforms in the country. A culture of secrecy and a lack of political will have created a breeding ground for corruption in the Land of the Cedars. Long disillusioned and disinterested in the country’s politics, Lebanese citizens have contributed themselves by their passivity to the worsening of the country’s economic, political and social situation.Exacerbated today by the accumulation of scandals and supported by a new generation, Lebanese citizens took to the streets for the first time in more than 15 years and demanded accountability for political and economic management. In solidarity, the Lebanese people demanded the right to a sincere, transparent, non-corrupt, accountable and responsive government.The current situation – a mixture of political, economic and health crises – has created or reinforced the “need for statehood” among Lebanese citizens. This need concentrates the expectations of a new form of government, a moral government capable of truly protecting citizens and guaranteeing their welfare. The Lebanese demand a responsible state capable of assuming and fully performing its functions. The establishment of a new governance; one that is more transparent, participatory and collaborative, is more than needed today.The Open Government Partnership (OGP) is one of the means to re-establish relations, facilitate the modernization of the state and enable Lebanon to benefit from greater openness. Joining the OGP will promote transparency and collaboration within Lebanese public administrations and will lead to a deepening of democratic life.To better understand Lebanon’s interest in joining the OGP, it is necessary to review the main requirements of the OGP, starting with transparency. We will first examine the level of transparency existing in Lebanon (§ 1) and then move on to the importance of developing a policy of openness (§ 2)
Access to information, transparency and social control in Brazil
Get PDFThe United Nations (UN) estimates that around 70% of the world population is going to live in cities up to the middle of the XXI century; fact that makes the theme of urbanization one of the most relevant topics of this century for countries with a major impact and those which are still poor and suffering with social inequality.In such context, it is urgent to transcend the static and spatial view of the cities to better understand it as a living and multi-factorial organism that overlaps the old cartography based on its territorial infrastructure. The new urban mapping arises from common interests that gather or differentiate the citizens, that challenges us to assess and question the model for making decisions in urban areas (governance), as well as one may design and manage the cities, as one implements and controls the local public policies.The current challenges of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, that has its effects quickly widened by new technologies, have imposed a new political agenda to the States that see their hierarchical pillars and centralizers confronted. What was understood so far as innovator and modern in public administration and democracy has its origins in the end of XXVIII century, in the French Revolution and in the Independence of the United States. It is important to understand that we have been through disruptive times and we are able to break barriers and paradigms, including the ones in politics and management, in the states and the cities.The State that centers the information, that acts exclusively in a hierarchical way, not responsive and extremely bureaucratic is in crisis, the same way that the sheer representative democracy is in crisis
Libra : les enjeux des données monétaires et financières dans la souveraineté numérique
Get PDFLes « enjeux de Libra » interpellent une pleine actualité, et provoquent une vive réactivité dès l’annonce, le 18 juin 2019, du projet de création de la cryptomonnaie Libra de Facebook, décliné dans le White Paper, le livre blanc . Libra focalise un tir groupé de réactions souveraines aux États-Unis comme en Europe, qu’il s’agisse des États, des banques centrales, du Congrès, des rendez-vous internationaux G7, OCDE, FMI, G27. En effet, cette monnaie hybride et transversale, révèle de par sa conception un modèle abouti d’instrument monétaire et financier d’une nouvelle étape de l’ère numérique. Avec Libra, l’univers virtuel prend racine dans le monde réel sur le terrain le plus régalien de la souveraineté des États : battre monnaie. Le géant-plate-forme numérique Facebook en observation, vient bousculer une fois encore l’ordre établi par une technologie qui pénètre dorénavant le bastion des données financières, étendues potentiellement aux 2,4 milliard d’utilisateurs de ses réseaux, et en vue d’acquérir celles du 1,7 milliard d’une population encore exclue de l’accès aux institutions financières
Prometea : Artificial intelligence to transform justice and public organizations
Get PDFPROMETEA is an Artificial Intelligence system created in Argentina, within the spheres of the Innovation and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory of the School of Law of the University of Buenos Aires and the Public Prosecutor's Office of the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires. The system, at first, was devised and implemented in order to optimize the Justice service and exponentially expedite judicial processes for the benefit of the citizen. Afterwards, it was recognized that greater advantage of its benefits could be taken by any public organization.Through the different layers of innovation, its development constitutes a highly disruptive technological advance, whose implementation is based on the need for the State itself to be the one that provides the effective and innovative means which can generate an impact on society as a whol
Le gouvernement électronique au Liban, un premier outil d’anticorruption
No full textLa situation générale au Liban, économique, politique et sanitaire, est alarmante aujourd’hui.Une crise économique, la dépréciation de la livre libanaise, la montée de la pauvreté, la corruption, la perte de confiance dans l’appareil politique, les manifestations de rue contre des conditions de vie difficiles, sont tous des événements qui caractérisent l’année 2020 au Liban. Cette année qui reflète plus de 30 ans de mauvaise gestion soutenue par un État corrompu et une Constitution inadaptée.Le mardi 4 août 2020, une explosion a pris lieu à Beyrouth. 2 750 tonnes de nitrate d’ammonium, un composé chimique qui peut être utilisé dans la fabrication de bombes, avaient été stockés dans un entrepôt du port de Beyrouth pendant plus de six ans, sans mesures de sécurité appropriées. Une explosion qui dénonce une fois de plus un État irresponsable, corrompu, ineffective et insincère.Face à cette réalité, le Liban se retrouve au pied du mur et doit entreprendre des réformes sans cesse repoussées. Le pays a besoin, plus que jamais, d’une administration capable de prendre le relais et d’assumer ses fonctions dans cette économie en ruines avec une dette en constante augmentation. Il faut contrôler les dépenses, lutter contre la corruption pour finalement retrouver la confiance du peuple libanais. Selon Emmanuel Macron « si ces réformes ne sont pas faites, le Liban continuera de s’enfoncer »[1]. Le soutien de la communauté international est conditionné aujourd’hui par un réel engagement de l’État libanais, via la mise en place des réformes, dont celle administrative.Lenteur, inefficacité et corruption caractérisent le service public libanais. Si la révolution numérique a débuté dans le secteur privé, le secteur public par contre ne bénéficie pas pleinement des avantages du progrès technologique. Partout dans le monde, le bon fonctionnement du service public dépend en grande partie de l’intégrité de l’administration et du pouvoir exécutif. Au Liban, la corruption affecte significativement les performances du service public et il n’existe pas de culture de reddition des comptes. Si la corruption obère la performance du service public, de façon générale les administrations libanaises ne répondent pas non plus aux besoins nouveaux des citoyens ; les services publics sont inadaptés à plus d’un titre à la société moderne et aux attentes du public. Le Liban doit rattraper un retard considérable et l’installation de la gouvernance électronique semble alors d’autant plus d’actualité pour y remédier.Pour illustrer mieux nos propos, nous étudierons d’une part l’état des lieux de la corruption au Liban (§ 1) pour ensuite passer d’autre part au gouvernement électronique comme moyen efficace pour initier la lutte contre la corruption (§ 2)
Academic freedom under threat by the "Escola sem partido" Bill in Brazil
Get PDFA free and democratic society must be built on the right to freedom of expression. If the citizen are free to decide who they will vote for, and which ideas or propositions to support and promote, they must be free to communicate their ideas with each other, and to attempt to persuade others to their positions. Also, people must have access to information regarding the functioning of government. It is difficult to have meaningful democratic participation, or democratic accountability, when the government conceals information from the public, and starves the public of information regarding its functioning. On the other hand, no one should underestimate the vital role in a democracy that is played by those who guide and train our youth. To impose any strait jacket upon the intellectual leaders in our colleges and universities would imperil the future of the Nation. Scholarship cannot flourish in an atmosphere of suspicion and distrust. Teachers and students must always remain free to inquire, to study and to evaluate, to gain new maturity and understanding; otherwise, our civilization will stagnate and die. This article, therefore, aims to understand the “academic freedom” as the fundamental right that democratically legitimizes teachers and students to construct scientific critical reflections regarding themes that permeate contemporary society. It is closely related to freedom of expression and speech, which is a key principle to the development of an open and democratic government. In Brazil, the Escola sem Partido Bill proposes ideological neutrality in schools and universities, rendering unfeasible debates on issues of political, economic and social relevance. Furthermore, it seeks to understand the fundamental right to education from the individual perspective, rather than comprehending its public and collective character in the political formation of citizenship of the people
Digital public administration as expansion and redemption of citizen participation - The Brazilian system Fala.br
Get PDFWith the emergence of what is called 4.0 Revolution, with the technology advance, in the actual social, economic and ideological contexts all marked by relations and communications mediated by technology, there is no way for the Public Administration’s future then using the same technology.The Administration must get adapted to the technological reality in order to rescue the democratic participation of the collectivity especially from new generations.Technology can contribute to the dialogue between Government and the collectivity, in order to enhance democratic participation, from distinct people, moving away from merely formal democracy centered on the famous binary “yes” or “no”.In view of a dialogical and democratic Public Administration, more opened to the citizens and to their participation, the use of technology, as a form of open and dialogical government it is one way to achieve good public governance with expansion and redemption of citizen participation.The brazilian system named “fala.br” is an example of an initial project of interactive digital system of open government that allows change of data with all federal organs and with these and other federated organs and, the most important, with the citizens.With the emergence of what is called 4.0 Revolution, with the technology advance, in the actual social, economic and ideological contexts all marked by relations and communications mediated by technology, there is no way for the Public Administration’s future then using the same technology.The Administration must get adapted to the technological reality in order to rescue the democratic participation of the collectivity especially from new generations.Technology can contribute to the dialogue between Government and the collectivity, in order to enhance democratic participation, from distinct people, moving away from merely formal democracy centered on the famous binary “yes” or “no”.In view of a dialogical and democratic Public Administration, more opened to the citizens and to their participation, the use of technology, as a form of open and dialogical government it is one way to achieve good public governance with expansion and redemption of citizen participation.The brazilian system named “fala.br” is an example of an initial project of interactive digital system of open government that allows change of data with all federal organs and with these and other federated organs and, the most important, with the citizens
Nature-based solutions for smarter cities. Bringing cities to life, bringing life into cities
Get PDFTen years ago, after the global economic and financial crisis the European Commission defined a new strategy for overcoming that stagnant situation and achieving a sustainable future: The Europe 2020 strategy for smart, sustainable and inclusive growth. The strategy consists of five headline targets to be achieved by all E.U. member states, targets that were quantified through a number of indicators and that were translated into national targets. In comparison to 1990 levels, today’s figures show that significant progresses have been made. On the other hand, especially for what concerns the objectives related to climate change and not merely to statistical level of greenhouse gas emissions, the path ahead seems significantly long. We assume that these unsatisfactory results depend on a not sufficient effort in the implementations of the following priorities: 1. Smart growth for developing an economy model based on knowledge and innovation; 2. Sustainable growth for promoting a more resource efficient, greener and more competitive economy; 3. Inclusive growth for fostering a high-employment economy delivering social and territorial cohesion
Copyright on the blockchain: scarcity as incentive for production or as concentration of wealth
Get PDFThis paper begins by exploring how private property is related to economic development, using an economic analysis of law approach, associating scarcity with the allocation of goods and its relation to efficiency.Perhaps the solution to the dilemma between universalized access and fair remuneration to authors can be found in the new technologies. Therefore, this paper brings some information about blockchain technology that, due to its characteristics, may be problem-solving. Although legal and economic institutions that are prior to blockchain must provide guidelines so that this technology can be used to balance efforts and reward, maximizing incentives for productivity, but also ensuring fair competition and protection of public interest.Some of these institutions are analyzed in this paper, raising questions – and maybe some answers – about means and purposes of copyright protection in the blockchain era