Jurnal Tugas Akhir Mahasiswa Universitas Lambung Mangkurat (ULM)
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PRARANCANGAN PABRIK METIL TERSIER BUTIL ETER (MTBE) DARI METANOL DAN ISOBUTILENA KAPASITAS 105.000 TON/TAHUN
Get PDFMetil Tersier Butil Eter (MTBE) terbuat dari metanol dan isobutilena dengan bantuan katalis amberlyst-15. Pabrik Metil Tersier Butil Eter (MTBE) dengan kapasitas produksi 105.000 ton/tahun akan didirikan di kariangau Balikpapan Barat, Balikpapan, Kalimantan Timur dengan waktu produksi 330 hari/tahun. Proses produksi terdiri dari persiapan bahan baku, sintesis MTBE, dan pemurnian. Proses sintesis MTBE dilakukan menggunakan bantuan reaktor tangki berpengaduk dengan kondisi operasi suhu operasi 60°C dan tekanan 15 atm. Proses pemurnian MTBE dilakukan menggunakan bantuan Flash drum dan gas separator untuk mendapat kemurnian MTBE sampai 96%. Utilitas pendukung proses meliputi kebutuhan air 50.816,60 m3/hari, kebutuhan steam 15,47 m3/jam, air pendingin sebesar 2100,79 m3/jam, kebutuhan brine 250,59 m3/jam, kebutuhan listrik dipenuhi dari PLN sebesar 132,64 kWh dan generator set sebesar 1.427,70 kWh, serta bahan bakar berupa solar dengan total kebutuhan 1231,07 lb/jam.. Bentuk perusahaan yang dipilih adalah Perseroan Terbatas (PT) dengan jumlah karyawan sebanyak 266 orang yang terdiri dari karyawan shift dan non shift. Berdasarkan evaluasi ekonomi, Annual Cash Flow (ACF) sebesar 29%, Pay Out Time (POT) sebesar 4,03 tahun, dan Break Event Point (BEP) sebesar 41%
PENGEMBANGAN LEMBAR KERJA PESERTA DIDIK BERBASIS MASALAH HOTS PADA MATERI TEOREMA PYTHAGORAS
Get PDFPembelajaran di Era abad 21 menuntut peserta didik Indonesia untuk memiliki keterampilan berpikir tingkat tinggi. Peserta didik diharapkan ikut serta dengan aktif dalam proses pembelajaran. Akan tetapi, berdasarkan hasil observasi masih didapati adanya peserta didik yang kurang aktif selama proses pembelajaran berlangsung disebabkan karena peserta didik masih terkendala dalam memahami konsep materi matematika. LKPD berbasis masalah HOTS merupakan salah satu media yang dapat membantu peserta didik untuk terlibat aktif dalam proses pembelajaran dan melatih berpikir tingkat tinggi mereka. Penelitian pengembangan ini memiliki dua tujuan yang meliputi: (i) mendeskripsikan proses pengembangan lembar kerja peserta didik berbasis masalah HOTS pada materi teorema pythagoras yang valid dan praktis; dan (ii) menghasilkan lembar kerja peserta didik berbasis masalah HOTS pada materi teorema pythagoras yang valid dan praktis. Penelitian pengembangan ini menggunakan model pengembangan 4-D yang terdiri atas 4 tahapan yang mencakup tahap define (pendefinisian), design (perancangan), develop (pengembangan), dan disseminate (penyebaran). Namun, pada tahap develop dilakukan uji validitas dan uji coba produk terbatas untuk menguji produk yang dikembangkan dengan uji kepraktisan. Melalui uji validitas diperoleh rata-rata penilaian dari dua validator adalah sebesar 3,44 dengan kriteria sangat valid, sedangkan pada uji kepraktisan diperoleh rata-rata total kepraktisan dari peserta didik adalah sebesar 3,34 dengan kriteria sangat praktis. Dengan demikian, LKPD berbasis masalah HOTS yang dikembangkan telah memenuhi kriteria valid dan praktis
PENGEMBANGAN MODUL AJAR MATERI BENTUK ALJABAR BERBASIS ETNOMATEMATIKA
Get PDFMatematika adalah mata pelajaran yang harus diajarkan untuk seluruh peserta didik agar mereka dapat menyelesaikan masalah dalam kehidupan sehari-hari, salah satunya yaitu bentuk aljabar. Akan tetapi, masih banyak peserta didik kesulitan mempelajari bentuk aljabar. Oleh karena itu diperlukan modul untuk melatih kemampuan berpikir kreatif peserta didik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan modul ajar berbasis etnomatematika ciri khas Kalimantan Selatan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu Research and Development (R&D) dengan model pengembangan 4D dengan empat tahapan yaitu Define, Design, Development dan Disseminate. Subjek uji coba penelitian adalah peserta didik kelas VII SMP Negeri 1 Banjarmasin. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan instrumen validasi ahli, angket respon guru dan peserta didik, meliputi uji coba. Analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini analisis data kevalidan, keefektifan, dan kepraktisan. Validasi dilakukan oleh 3 validator. Uji coba dilakukan kepada 30 peserta didik. Berdasarkan lembar validasi yang diisi oleh 3 validator diperoleh nilai 83,97% yang berarti modul dinyatakan valid. Berdasarkan hasil angket respon peserta didik diperoleh skor sebesar 3,5 dapat dinyatakan kriteria sangat praktis. Pada hasil angket respon guru diperoleh skor sebesar 3,26 berdasarkan kriteria tingkat kepraktisan kriteria sangat praktis. Berdasarkan uji coba, modul dikatakan efektif, karena berdasarkan 3 kali uji coba peserta didik sudah mencapai KKTP yang diterapkan di SMP Negeri 1 Banjarmasin, persentase hasil belajar peserta didik dengan minimal nilai 75 selalu lebih dari sama dengan 80%, yaitu 85,56%. Dengan demikian kriteria kevalidan, kepraktisan, dan keefektifan modul ajar materi bentuk aljabar berbasis etnomatematika dapat dikatakan telah terpenuhi.  
Kemasaman Tanah dan Sebaran Senyawa Pirit pada Berbagai Kedalaman Tanah Pasang Surut
Get PDFSoil acidity (pH) is the main obstacle in tidal swampland. The high soil acidity (pH < 4.0) causes an increase in the solubility of iron (Fe). The high soil acidity affects the balance of chemical reactions in the soil and the availability of nutrients in the soil. The purpose of this study was to determine soil acidity (pH), redox potential (Eh), and soluble Fe at at varying soil depths with different pyrite locations in tidal swampland. This study used a nested design and studied the following factors: 1) Depth of pyrite 0-50 cm layer (actual acid sulfate soil) and 50-100 cm layer (potential acid sulfate soil). 2) Soil depth includes 0-25 cm, 25-50 cm, 50-75 cm, and 75-100 cm. Soil samples were taken at the depth where pyrite was detected, with 3 replicates at each soil depth. This resulted in a total of 24 experimental units. The depth of the nested soil coincided with the depth of the pyrite. The study analyzed the acidity of acid sulphate soil, redox potential, and dissolved Fe at pyrite locations within soil depths of 0-100 cm and 0-25 cm, 25-50 cm, 50-75 cm, and 75-100 cm. The results indicate that there was no significant difference in the measurements between the various soil depths of 0-50 cm and 50-100 cm
Mitigasi Emisi CO2 Tanah Gambut yang Ditumbuhi Kelapa Sawit dengan Aplikasi Arang Kayu dan Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit
Get PDFPeatlands are developed for the cultivation of plantation crops such as oil palm. However, recently the focus on the development of peatlands for this activity has been so great, especially in relation to the emission of carbon dioxide CO2 into the atmosphere during land clearing, burning of biomass and maintenance of oil palm. The potential for peatland to be used as agricultural land must pay attention to environmental aspects such as the level of CO2 emissions to these changes. This study aims to determine the effect of wood charcoal and empty oil palm fruit bunches on CO2 emissions and their relationship to C-Mic and C/N ratios on peatlands overgrown with oil palm. This study used a randomized block design. The factors studied were the distribution of wood charcoal and empty palm fruit bunches at four levels, namely: control; wood charcoal 0.75 kg; empty palm fruit bunches 0.75 kg and empty palm fruit bunches 0.375 kg + wood charcoal 0.375 kg. Each treatment was repeated 3 times, so that 12 experimental units were obtained. The results showed that on day 0 and day 45 the addition of wood charcoal and empty palm oil bunches had no effect on CO2 emissions, but on day 15 the results showed that the treatment had an effect on CO2. emissions and soil microorganisms (C-mic). Unstable C/N ratios and value of CO2 emission increased or decreased when sampling on different days.Peatlands are developed for the cultivation of plantation crops such as oil palm. However, recently the focus on the development of peatlands for this activity has been so great, especially in relation to the emission of carbon dioxide CO2 into the atmosphere during land clearing, burning of biomass and maintenance of oil palm. The potential for peatland to be used as agricultural land must pay attention to environmental aspects such as the level of CO2 emissions to these changes. This study aims to determine the effect of wood charcoal and empty oil palm fruit bunches on CO2 emissions and their relationship to C-Mic and C/N ratios on peatlands overgrown with oil palm. This study used a randomized block design. The factors studied were the distribution of wood charcoal and empty palm fruit bunches at four levels, namely: control; wood charcoal 0.75 kg; empty palm fruit bunches 0.75 kg and empty palm fruit bunches 0.375 kg + wood charcoal 0.375 kg. Each treatment was repeated 3 times, so that 12 experimental units were obtained. The results showed that on day 0 and day 45 the addition of wood charcoal and empty palm oil bunches had no effect on CO2 emissions, but on day 15 the results showed that the treatment had an effect on CO2. emissions and soil microorganisms (C-mic). Unstable C/N ratios and value of CO2 emission increased or decreased when sampling on different days
TEXTBOOK ANALYSIS OF STUDENT’S BOOK ENTITLED “CAN DO: LEVEL 1” USED IN SEVENTH GRADE OF JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL
Get PDFCunningsworth (1995) stated that textbook is a resource material in achieving aims and objectives based on learner needs. Therefore, this research aims to discover whether the materials of “Can Do” students’ textbook meet the criteria of a good textbook by Greene and Petty and is appropriate based on Curriculum 2013. Textbook analysis is defined as the study to decide the quality and study the features of a textbook by focusing the study with detailed analysis. The researcher used qualitative approach with descriptive method. The object of this research is an English textbook for students entitled “Can Do” which was used in the seventh grade of Junior High School. The instruments of this research are rubric assessment and document. Based on the findings, the majority of the quality of the textbook fulfilled 8 criteria from 10 criteria of the 10 criteria of a good textbook by Greene and Petty. For the relevancy to the syllabus, the majority of materials in the textbook match to Curriculum 2013 as there are 49 from 75 syllabus indicators that are present in the textbook. In conclusion, the majority of student’s textbook has a good quality based on Greene and Petty criteria of a good textbook. Furthermore, the majority of the textbook are relevant to Curriculum 2013 as the majority of topics and indicators from the syllabus match with the materials in the textbook. It is suggested to use the textbook in the teaching and learning process as the main material with additional material from other relevant textbooks to cover the missing topics from the syllabus
COHERENCE ON UNDERGRADUATE THESIS ABSTRACT WRITTEN BY ENGLISH LANGUAGE EDUCATION STUDY PROGRAM STUDENTS OF LAMBUNG MANGKURAT UNIVERSITY
Get PDFCoherence is one of the important aspects in academic writing. It affects the reader’s understanding about a text. Particularly in education, academic writing becomes the requirement for undergraduate students to claim their graduation by writing a thesis. Thesis has some important parts, one of them is a thesis abstract which delivers a brief summary about the whole thesis. Therefore, the students need to write the thesis abstract coherently to provide positive first impression and build the reader interest toward the thesis. However, many of the students are not aware to this demand. Based on the issue, this study aimed to reveal the coherence on undergraduate thesis abstract written by English Language Education Study Program students of Lambung Mangkurat University. This study applied descriptive qualitative approach. There were four abstracts from higher grade theses and four abstracts from lower grade theses analysed in this study that were selected by using purposive sampling. The analysis of coherence in this study was conducted by content analysis method based on the topical subject progressions applied in the abstracts. This study found that the coherence in the four abstracts of higher grade theses was consistent and the coherence in the four abstracts of lower grade theses was varied by the finding of two from four abstracts had failed to reach coherence. Based on the findings, it was suggested for the students to improve and build awareness in writing a coherent abstract for their thesis as a academic writing product
PUSAT KECANTIKAN DI MUARA TEWEH PROVINSI KALIMANTAN TENGAH DENGAN KONSEP NATURAL
Get PDFWomen tend to have a higher potential for stress than men. Continuous stress can lead to physical and psychological problems. One way women release stress is to do activities that make themselves beautiful. This has increased women's interest in beauty, such as in Muara Teweh City. There are various types of beauty facilities available there, but they are not yet integrated in one place. To meet the needs of these women, a Beauty Center is needed that provides various service facilities and goods to facilitate beauty services in one location. The natural concept (space design with a natural atmosphere) is used as a solution in the design because the natural atmosphere is able to absorb negative human energy and release positive energy which has a good psychological impact. The natural atmosphere is presented with the use of natural materials and natural impressions, applied to the elements of space, both inside and outside space. Wanita cenderung memiliki potensi stres lebih tinggi dibandingkan pria. Kondisi stres yang terus menerus dapat mengakibatkan permasalahan fisik dan psikis. Salah satu cara wanita melepaskan stress adalah melakukan kegiatan yang membuat diri mereka menjadi cantik. Hal ini membuat minat wanita terhadap kecantikan semakin meningkat, seperti di Kota muara Teweh. Fasilitas kecantikan yang tersedia di sana beragam jenisnya, namun belum terpadu dalam satu wadah. Untuk memenuhi kebutuhan wanita tersebut, diperlukan Pusat Kecantikan yang menyediakan berbagai fasilitas jasa dan barang untuk memudahkan pelayanan kecantikan di satu lokasi saja. Konsep natural (desain ruang dengan suasana alam) dijadikan solusi pada perancangan karena suasana alam mampu menyerap energi negatif manusia dan mengeluarkan energi positif yang berdampak baik pada psikologis. Suasana alam dihadirkan dengan pemanfaatan material-material alam maupun yang berkesan alami, diterapkan pada elemen-elemen ruang, baik ruang dalam maupun ruang luar
KONSEP BANGUNAN HIJAU DI SANGGAR SENI MADIHIN BANJARBARU
Get PDFThe establishment of Banjarbaru as the Provincial Capital has had an impact on increasing population growth so that it requires a forum for preserving the typical madihin art culture of South Kalimantan. Madihin has been listed as an Intangible Cultural Heritage by UNESCO. Currently, learning Madihin art is mostly done by self-teaching, there is no special place for learning standard Madihin art. The main activity in the studio is training and performing madihin art. This activity requires space, namely training rooms and auditoriums as well as other supporting spaces, namely studio, gallery, management, communal and retail spaces. The function of this room causes activities that produce GreenHouse Gas (GHG) emissions. Currently, geothermal heat is increasing, reaching the global boiling category, no longer global warming. The design of the Madihin Art Studio applies Ministerial Regulation no. 21 of 2021 concerning Green Building Criteria with 7 categories. The use of this green building method approach is an effort to minimize the effects of global boiling and realize the government's goal of reducing global temperatures and participating in the Green City concept implemented by the City of Banjarbaru. Madihin's building design, apart from paying attention to the green building concept, also pays attention to the building's acoustics. In building acoustics, priority is given to the aspect of selecting building materials that are appropriate to improving the sound quality of the performance, such as sound dampening materials. Meanwhile, the green building concept resulted in a design for the Madihin building taking into account the comfort of the performance. The building layout for madihin performances is expected to meet comfort criteria, namely optimal air circulation and lighting. Maximizing openings on the north and south sides thereby reducing artificial ventilation which can minimize energy use. The building is also designed by maximizing green space on the building floors, optimizing use of rainwater and environmentally friendly waste management.Ditetapkannya Banjarbaru sebagai Ibu Kota Provinsi berpengaruh terhadap meningkatnya pertumbuhan penduduk sehingga membutuhkan wadah untuk pelestarian budaya seni madihin khas Kalimantan Selatan. Madihin sudah tercatat sebagai Warisan Budaya Tak Benda oleh UNESCO. Pada saat ini pembelajaran seni madihin kebanyakan hanya dilakukan secara otodidak, tidak ada tempat khusus untuk pembelajaran kesenian madihin yang pakem. Aktivitas utama pada sanggar yakni pelatihan dan pementasan seni madihin. Aktivitas ini membutuhkan ruang yaitu ruang pelatihan dan auditorium serta ruang penunjang lain adalah ruang studio, galeri, pengelola, komunal, dan retail. Fungsi ruangan ini menyebabkan aktivitas yang menghasilkan emisi Gas Rumah Kaca (GRK). Pada saat ini panas bumi semakin meningkat mencapai kategori global boiling bukan lagi global warming. Perancangan Sanggar Seni Madihin menerapkan Peraturan Menteri No. 21 Tahun 2021 tentang Kriteria Bangunan Hijau dengan 7 kategori. Penggunaan pendekatan metode bangunan hijau ini sebagai upaya untuk meminimalisir efek global boiling dan mewujudkan tujuan pemerintah dalam misi menurunkan temperatur global dan ikut serta dalam konsep Green City yang diterapkan oleh Kota Banjarbaru. Rancangan bangunan Madihin selain memperhatikan konsep bangunan green building juga memperhatikan akustik bangunan. Pada akustik bangunan diutamakan pada aspek pemilihan material bangunan yang sesuai dengan peningkatan kualitas suara pementasan seperti bahan peredam suara. Sementara itu, untuk konsep green building menghasilkan rancangan gedung Madihin dengan memperhatikan kenyamanan pementasan. Tata ruang bangunan untuk pementasan madihin diharapkan memenuhi kriteria kenyamanan yaitu sirkulasi udara dan pencahayaan optimal. Memaksimalkan bukaan pada sisi utara dan selatan sehingga mengurangi penghawaan buatan yang dapat meminimalisir penggunaan energi. Bangunan juga didesain dengan memaksimalkan ruang hijau pada lantai bangunan, pengoptimalan air hujan untuk dimanfaatkan serta pengelolaan limbah sampah yang ramah lingkungan
PUSAT KEBUGARAN WANITA DI TANAH GROGOT DENGAN PENDEKATAN METAFORA
Get PDFFitness centers have the impression of being too manly because the majority of users are men, which makes women dominated, resulting in discomfort when doing fitness activities in public places where people of the opposite sex are mixed up. There is a need for a fitness center specifically for women that can accommodate women's fitness activities and have a woman's identity and image. To realize this, the design concept applied is to use a metaphorical approach that adopts women as the metaphorical object. The embodiment of the metaphor used is to adopt the shape of a flower basket, which is a place that can be used to collect and care for various types of flowers. This is in line with the realization of 'Woman healthy space' where women are often metaphorized as 'flowers' and then the flower basket becomes a 'container', a fitness center which becomes a gathering place for women to do fitness activities to be healthy.Pusat Kebugaran memiliki kesan yang terlalu manly karena mayoritas penggunanya adalah laki-laki yang membuat para wanita menjadi terdominasi sehingga timbul ketidaknyamanan untuk melakukan kegiatan kebugaran di tempat umum yang bercampur baur antar lawan jenis. Perlu adanya pusat kebugaran khusus wanita yang dapat mewadahi kegiatan kebugaran wanita dan memiliki identitas serta citra wanita. Untuk mewujudkan hal ini konsep perancangan yang diterapkan adalah dengan menggunakan pendekatan metafora yang mengadopsi wanita sebagai objek metaforanya. Perwujudan bentuk metafora yang digunakan adalah dengan mengadopsi bentuk keranjang bunga yang mana merupakan tempat yang bisa digunakan untuk mengumpulkan dan merawat berbagai jenis bunga. Hal ini sejalan dengan perwujudan ‘Woman healthy space’ yang mana wanita sering dimetaforakan sebagai ‘bunga’ yang kemudian keranjang bunga akan menjadi ‘wadah’, pusat kebugaran yang menjadi tempat berkumpulnya para wanita untuk melakukan kegiatan kebugaran agar menjadi sehat