Universitas PGRI Yogyakarta: UPY Journal
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Solution-Based Counseling for Slow Learners Children in Facing Learning Difficulties in Inclusive Schools
Full text linkThis study aims to examine the effectiveness of Solution-Focused Brief Counseling (SFBC) in addressing learning difficulties experienced by slow learners in inclusive schools. Using a quantitative experimental design with a pretest-posttest control group, the research involved students identified as slow learners at State Junior High School 4, Magetan. The experimental group received group counseling using the SFBC approach for eight sessions. Data were collected through learning difficulty scales, observations, documentation, and interviews. ANCOVA analysis showed a significant improvement in students\u27 learning abilities after receiving SFBC counseling. The approach helped students recognize their strengths, increase motivation, and develop coping strategies for academic challenges. Findings confirmed that SFBC is effective in enhancing the confidence, concentration, comprehension, and future orientation of slow learners. The integration of this counseling approach contributes to inclusive education by offering a constructive, strength-based intervention model.
Keywords: solution-focused brief counseling, slow learners, learning difficulties, inclusive education, group counselin
Emotional Labor in Raudhatul Athfal (RA) Teachers’ Multi-Role Work: Initial Findings
Full text linkEmotional labor among teachers in Raudhatul Athfal (RA), Islamic early childhood education in Indonesia, is a complex and underexplored phenomenon. This study aims to explore and provide preliminary findings of the emotional labor experiences of RA teachers. Using a qualitative case study design, ten female RA teachers from Bandung, Indonesia, were recruited through convenience sampling. This study utilized an open-ended online survey and Braun and Clarke’s reflexive thematic analysis as data collection method and analysis, respectively. Three themes emerged. The first theme is Multirole Job Demands, with sub-themes: RA teachers’ job characteristics (n=10), multirole demands (n=8), cultural display rules (n=5), and spiritual educators as emotional labor intensifier (n=4). The second theme is Emotional Labor Strategies, with sub-themes: surface acting (n=6), and deep acting (n=3). The last theme is Islamic Framework in Emotional Labor, with sub-themes: Islamic practices as emotional regulation resources and strategies (n=6), spiritual meaning-making (n=9), and workplace spirituality (n=2). The overall emotional labor experiences of the RA teachers are discussed. The findings highlight key constructs that can be explored and directly measured in future research to validate the emotional labor process among RA teachers in Indonesia. Ultimately, this research can contribute to developing support programs for RA teachers that effectively promote their well-being.
Keywords: surface acting, deep acting, early childhood teachers, spirituality, Islamic educatio
The Effectiveness of Emotion Regulation Training to Increase Happiness in Adolescents in Orphanages
Full text linkBased on the model of emotion regulation (Gross, 1998), the ability to manage emotional responses is very important for achieving subjective well-being and happiness. Adolescents in orphanages are vulnerable to experiencing emotional distress and low levels of happiness due to limited affective support. This study aims to test the effectiveness of emotion regulation training in increasing happiness in 16 adolescents (ages 10–17 years). It was hypothesized that training based on Gross\u27s five stages of emotion regulation would significantly improve happiness scores. Using the one group pretest-posttest design and the Hills & Argyle Happiness Scale, the training was conducted in three sessions (one day). The results of the Paired Sample t-Test showed that although the average happiness score increased marginally from 91.63 (Pretest) to 92.63 (Posttest), the increase was not statistically significant (p = 0.328 > 0.05). These findings provide a theoretical and practical contribution to the need for longer and more intensive intervention durations as input for the design of sustainable programs to improve subjective welfare in orphanages.
Keywords: emotion regulation, happiness, orphanage adolescents, subjective well-being, emotion regulation strategie
The Effectiveness of a Psychological Guidance Model in Enhancing Student Management Tolerance: A Quasi-Experimental Study at Universities in Bandung, Indonesia
Full text linkThis study is grounded in the context of 21st-century education, which is marked by increasing diversity. Such conditions require students at both school and university levels to develop tolerance as a key multicultural competence. Previous research indicates that students’ tolerance levels remain moderate, with some showing low awareness in respecting differences, raising concerns about potential social conflict. To address this challenge, the present study introduces a psychological guidance approach as an intervention model to strengthen the cognitive, affective, and psychomotor dimensions of tolerance. A quasi-experimental pretest–posttest control-group design was applied to 66 students from a teacher education faculty in Bandung. ANCOVA results revealed a significant difference between the experimental and control groups (F = 37.944; p < .001), accompanied by a large effect size (r ≈ 0.814). These outcomes demonstrate that the psychological guidance model effectively enhances several indicators of tolerance, including persistence in managing differences, appreciation of diversity, and equal, non-discriminatory treatment of others. The study concludes that psychological guidance is a promising strategy for fostering tolerance in higher education settings. Future research should broaden the sample to include multiple institutions and employ qualitative methods to further explore the dynamics of tolerance development.
Keywords: psychological guidance, model, student, toleranc
Analysis of the Implementation of Differentiated Learning in Elementary Schools: A Literature-Based Qualitative Study
Full text linkThis study aims to analyze the implementation of differentiated learning in elementary schools through a qualitative literature review approach and to offer a conceptual contribution to existing scholarship on differentiated instruction (DI) within the Indonesian educational context. Using thematic analysis, the study systematically reviewed national and international articles published between 2020 and 2025, focusing on coding, categorizing, and synthesizing recurring patterns related to content, process, and product differentiation. Synthesising the literature led to the development of a conceptual framework illustrating the interaction among teacher readiness, instructional design, school support systems, and digital resource integration as core components shaping the effective implementation of DI. The findings highlight several novel insights, including the identification of digital-supported differentiation as an emerging practice and the articulation of collaborative teacher learning communities as a structural enabler for sustainable DI practices. This study provides practical implications for educators, policymakers, and school leaders, particularly in strengthening professional development programs, designing supportive school policies, and integrating adaptive learning resources to optimise student-centred learning in the Merdeka Curriculum era.
Keywords: differentiated learning, elementary school, independent curriculum, literature study, adaptive learning strategie
The Relationship Between Self-Esteem and Loneliness Among Indonesian National Armed Forces Retirees
Full text linkRetirement requires individuals to transition from a structured military environment to a more flexible civilian lifestyle. This change may increase psychological vulnerability, such as lower self-esteem and greater loneliness. This study examines the relationship between self-esteem and loneliness among retired members of the Indonesian National Armed Forces. Using a quantitative correlational design, data were collected from 106 retired personnel of the Indonesian National Armed Forces, selected through purposive sampling. The Self-Liking and Competence Scale–Revised (SLCS-R) and the De Jong Gierveld Loneliness Scale (DJGLS) were used to measure self-esteem and loneliness, and data were analyzed with Pearson Product-Moment correlation. The results show a significant negative relationship between self-esteem and loneliness (r = -0.569; p < 0.05), indicating that higher self-esteem corresponds with lower loneliness. These findings highlight self-esteem as a protective factor in post-service adjustment and emphasize the need for support programs that strengthen self-esteem to help reduce loneliness and promote successful adaptation to civilian life.
Keywords: loneliness, retired indonesian national armed forces, retirement, self-estee
The Contribution of Social Norms and Big Five Personality Traits of Phubbing Behavior among Senior High School Students in Padang City
Full text linkPhubbing behavior is increasingly common among adolescents as smartphone use rises, and has the potential to disrupt the quality of social interactions and student development. This study aims to analyze the contributions of social norms and the Big Five personality traits to phubbing behavior among high school students in Padang City, both in partial and in simultaneous models. The study used a quantitative approach with an associative design, involving 322 eleventh-grade students selected through purposive and proportionate random sampling techniques. Data were collected using the phubbing behavior scale, social norms scale, and Big Five personality traits scale, which showed acceptable validity, and then analyzed using a multiple regression model in SmartPLS. The results showed that social norms contributed positively and significantly to phubbing behavior (t = 10.486, p < 0.001). Partially, conscientiousness, agreeableness, and neuroticism contributed significantly, while openness and extraversion did not. Simultaneously, social norms and the Big Five personality traits explain 37.8% of the variance in phubbing behavior (R² = 0.378). These findings support an integrative perspective that views phubbing as the result of interactions between social and personality factors and offer practical implications for guidance and counseling interventions that focus on the socialization of social norms and students\u27 personality characteristics.
Keywords: phubbing, social norms, big five personality traits, student
Pengaruh Literasi Keuangan, Pengalaman Keuangan, dan Lingkungan Sosial terhadap Perilaku Keuangan
Full text linkTujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh Literasi Keuangan, Pengalaman Keuangan, dan Lingkungan Sosial terhadap Perilaku Keuangan Mahasiswa di Yogyakarta karena mahasiswa merupakan generasi yang update dengan tren masa kini serta Yogyakarta merupakan kota pendidikan yang memiliki banyak program literasi.
Metodologi: Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode kuantitatif dengan survei menggunakan online quistionaire. Sampel penelitian berjumlah 116 yang dipilih dengan menggunakan teknik purposive sampling dengan uji regresi linear berganda menggunakan SPSS yang didahului dengan uji validitas dan reliabilitas instrumen, serta uji asumsi klasik.
Temuan: Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa literasi keuangan berpengaruh positif terhadap perilaku keuangan. Pengalaman keuangan berpengaruh positif terhadap perilaku keuangan. Namun lingkungan sosial tidak berpengaruh terhadap perilaku keuangan yang menjadi temuan menarik.
Orisinalitas: Penelitian ini mengungkapkan pengaruh Literasi Keuangan, Pengalaman Keuangan dan Lingkungan Sosial terhadap Perilaku Keuangan. Dimana hal ini relevan dengan kondisi mahasiswa di Yogyakarta yang memiliki banyak eksposur literasi serta mahasiswa merupakan generasi Z yang sangat adaptif dengan teknologi dan dapat menerima informasi dari media apapun.
Keterbatasan Penelitian: Penelitian ini memiliki jumlah sampel yang terbatas yaitu 116 sehingga penelitian selanjutnya diharapkan dapat memperbanyak sampel agar hasil yang didapatkan lebih dekat representasi populasi.
Implikasi Praktis: Dengan adanya temuan yang menyatakan bahwa terdapat pengaruh positif Literasi Keuangan dan Pengalaman Keuangan terhadap Perilaku Keuangan, maka program penguatan literasi keuangan oleh pemerintah, Perguruan Tinggi (PT), maupun pihak swasta, dapat dilakukan secara lebih merata mulai dari pedesaan hingga perkotaan sehingga literasi masyarakat semakin meningkat
Toxic Friendship: The Role of Emotion Regulation and Interpersonal Communication on Perceived Conflict
Full text linkStudents can generally view conflict positively or negatively. However, a negative view of conflict can trigger division, bullying, and even murder. This study aims to examine the influence of emotion regulation and interpersonal communication on students\u27 perceptions of friendship conflicts. The research method uses a quantitative approach with multiple linear regression. The sampling technique was conducted incidentally, involving 360 psychology students at a state university in Semarang. The instruments used in the study included the friendship conflict perception scale, the emotion regulation scale, and the interpersonal communication scale. The results showed a significant effect (p = 0.000, p < 0.05) of emotion regulation and interpersonal communication on the perception of friendship conflict, with an effect size of 11.3%. These findings show the importance of efforts or interventions to build positive social relationships among students.
Keywords: perception of friendship conflict, regulation of emotions, interpersonal communicatio
Comparison of Verbal and Physical Bullying Incidence among Elementary Students in Jayapura
Full text linkBullying has increasingly affected elementary school students, with prevalence estimated at 25%. However, there is a lack of definitive data comparing bullying incidents between public and private elementary schools. This study aimed to compare the incidence of verbal and physical bullying among students at two elementary schools in Jayapura. A cross-sectional design was used, conducted in July 2024. The study involved a total population of 987 students, with a purposive sample of 102 students each from Inpres II Waena State Elementary School (public) and Muhammadiyah Elementary School (private). Data were collected via questionnaires and analyzed using Stata 14, applying bivariate analyses with chi-square tests. Findings revealed that verbal bullying was more prevalent at Inpres II Waena State Elementary School (66.7%) compared to Muhammadiyah Elementary School. Key factors associated with bullying included gender, age at first experience of bullying, and the availability of complaint channels. Verbal bullying often manifests as teasing or jokes, which are normalized due to the absence of firm sanctions for perpetrators. These results highlight the need for stronger school policies and structured reporting systems to address verbal bullying in both public and private school settings.
Keywords: incidence of bullying, students, elementary school, counselin