Jurnal Proteksi Tanaman (Journal of Plant Protection)
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Efektifitas Insektisida Berbahan Aktif Klorantraniliprol terhadap Larva Spodoptera frugiperda (JE Smith): Effectivity of Chlorantraniliprole Insecticide against the larva of Spodoptera frugiperda (JE Smith)
Full text linkFall armyworm or Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E Smith) is a significant economic pest of maize. S. frugiperda is reported for the first time to attack and damage the corn in Indonesia since 2019. The study was aimed to find the effectivity of chlorantraniliprole to control the larvae of S. frugiperda on maize. The study was divided into two steps, in the laboratory and the field. The laboratory treatment was application of chlorantraniliprole 2 cc/l, Metarhizium anisopliae (10? conidia/ml), and Beauveria bassiana (10? conidia/ml) that applied onto the leaf, larvae, and leaf + larvae with five replications for each treatment. The field test used three treatments i.e., chlorantraniliprole field, farmer field, and control with three replications for each treatment. The research showed that chlorantraniliprole at a dose of 2 cc/l had the highest mortality of S. frugiperda with 100% mortality on average during five days after application. However, the application of M. anisopliae and B. bassiana did not affect the mortality of S. frugiperda for 3 days after application. There was no difference in mortality when chlorantraniliprole applied onto leaf, larvae and leaf + larvae. Application of chlorantraniliprole in the field at a dose of 2 cc/l at 1, 3, and 5 weeks after planting was effective to control S. frugiperda on maize.
Keywords: Chlorantraniliprole, entomopatogenic fungi, fall armywar
Pengaruh Lama Penyimpanan Ekstrak Kasar Daun Mahkota Dewa (Phaleria macrocarpa) terhadap Mortalitas Keong Mas (Pomacea canaliculata): Effect of Storage Time of Mahkota Dewa Leaf Crude Extract (Phaleria macrocarpa) on Mortality of Golden Snail (Pomacea canaliculata)
Full text linkMahkota dewa [Phaleria macrocarpa (Scheff) Boerl] contains saponin that can be used as a botanical pesticide, including molluscicide. This study aimed to obtain the most effective storage time of leaf crude extract of mahkota dewa on the mortality of golden snail. The application was carried out in the greenhouse of Faculty of Agriculture of Universitas Andalas from March to May 2019. The study used a Randomized Block Design (RBD) consisting of time of storage, i.e., 0 day (2 hours), two days, four days, six days, and eight days those were applied to early-stage, late-stage, male and female of golden snail. The results showed that all storage time of mahkota dewa leaf crude extract had the same effect on early state golden snail mortality. However, at late state golden snail 0 day and two days, storage times were the best. Two days of storage time caused mortality of early-stage, late-stage, and male adult of the golden snail, however, 0 days (2 hours) for female adult.
Keywords: Mahkota dewa, golden snail, storage tim
Kemampuan Ekstrak Kulit Buah Kabau (Archidendron microcarpum) dalam Mengendalikan Crocidolomia pavonana (Lepidoptera: Crambidae): Ability of Kabau Fruit Crude Extract (Archidendron microcarpum) in Controlling Crocidolomia pavonana (Lepidoptera: Crambidae
Full text linkCrocidolomia pavonana Fabricius is an important pest in the Brassicaceae family that can cause up to 10% -100% yield losses. One of the plants that are considered as potential botanical insecticides is Kabau Plant (Archidendron microcarpum (Benth.). This study was aimed to determine the ability of kabau pell crude extract to control C.pavonana. The study was conducted at Rejang Lebong State Community Academy Campus and Natural Resources Organic Laboratory of Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Andalas, from September 2016 to February 2017. The research was conducted in three stages: filter, bioactivity, and chemical profile examination. The results showed that the kabau peel crude extract was classified as an active insecticide for C.pavonana. At a concentration of 0.5%, kabau peel crude extract caused larval mortality to reach 63.33% in the filter test and 70% in the bioactivity test. The extract consisted of phenolic compounds, saponins, flavonoids, steroids, terpenoids, and alkaloids.
Keywords: Kabau plant, secondary metabolite, botanical insecticide, Crocidolomi pavonan
Bahasa Indonesia: english
No full textControlling Crocidolomia pavonana using an insecticide derived from dishwashing detergents is economical and environmentally friendly. This research was conducted at the Laboratory of Insect Bioecology, Faculty of Agriculture, Andalas University, from November 2019 to March 2020. This study aimed to determine the effect of dishwashing detergent on C. pavonana crop caterpillars. The design used was a completely randomized design (CRD) consisting of 6 treatments and four replications. The treatment given was the application of dishwashing detergent with different concentrations, namely: 0, 0.25%, 0.5%, 1%, 2%, and 4%. The results showed that dishwashing detergent could be used as an alternative insecticide in controlling C. pavonana larvae because it can cause death and give antifeedant effect, but it did not reach the stage of inhibiting larval development. The difference in concentration did not affect the difference in larval mortality. Dishwashing detergent provided a relatively weak antifeedant effect. The higher the concentration, the higher the antifeedant effect. The inhibition of larval development occurred fluctuatively without any particular tendency.
Keywords: Crop caterpillar, detergent, soap insecticide, sustainabl
Bahasa Indonesia: english
No full textAnthracnose or leaf fall disease caused by Gloeosporium gloeosporioides is a pathogen that attacks cocoa plants during the nursery phase and production. This study aimed to obtain the best rhizobacteria, which can induce cocoa seeds resistance to anthracnose and increase seedling growth. The study was conducted in a greenhouse, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Andalas, in 2019, using a randomized block design with 32 treatments and three replications. The treatments were the different isolates, sourced from Guguak (GK1, GK2, GK3), Akabiluru (AK1, AK2), Lubuk Minturun (LM1, LM2), Tanjung Alai (TA1, TA2, Ta3, TA4, TA5, TA6, TA7, TA8 , TA9, TA10, TA11, TA12, TA13, TA14, TA15, TA16, TA17, TA18), Singkarak (SK1, SK2, SK3, SK4, SK6), and two controls. The results showed that AK2 isolates from Akabiluru could suppress the development of anthracnose and support the growth of cocoa seedlings. The application of AK2 isolates was able to extend the incubation period of G. gloeosporioides, reduce the incidence of disease and the rate of disease infection, and help increase the number of areas and leaf numbers.Keywords: Anthracnose, cocoa seedling, Gloeosporium gloeosporioides, plant induction, Rhizobacteri
Bahasa Indonesia: english
No full textBrown planthopper or BPH (Nilaparvata lugens Stal 1854, Hemiptera: Delphacidae) is one of the main pests in rice plant that destructive by sucking on saps. Difference in rice varieties is predicted to affect the biology and demographic statistics of BPH. The study aimed to determine the biology and demographic statistics of BPH on Cisokan and Kahayan varieties. BPH biology was observed from 10 pairs of BPH per each variety, while demographic statistic was observed from cohort of egg produced by 10 pairs of BPH. The parameters were number of individuals per stadia, life time and life span. Data were processed to obtain biology, survival curve and demographic statistic. The results showed that differences in varieties affected the life time and the number of individuals produced by BPH. The life time of the eggs, 1st – 4th instar of nymphs on Cisokan were shorter than Kahayan, but the 5th instar of nymphs and adult on Cisokan were longer than Kahayan. The number of eggs, nymphs and adults on Cisokan were higher than Kahayan. Both the survival curves on Cisokan and Kahayan were included as type 1.
Keywords: Biology, brown planthopper, Cisokan variety, Kahayan variet
Bahasa Indonesia: english
No full textCabbage crop caterpillar (Crocidolomia pavonana Fabricius) is the primary pest on cabbage. This study aimed to know the toxicity of noni seed extract (Morinda citrifolia Linnaeus) against C. pavonana. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with five treatments and four replications. The treatments given were the application of noni seed extract in different concentrations; 0, 25 g.l-1, 50 g.l-1, 75 g.l-1and 100 g.l-1. The parameters observed were initial death time, total mortality, daily mortality, lethal time 50, and lethal concentration. The results showed that noni seed extract was able to kill C. pavonana larvae. The higher the extract concentration, the more insects died, and the faster the time of death occurred. The concentration of LC50 was 6.7%, while LC95 was 23.5%.
Keywords: Crocidolomia pavonana, noni crop, botanical insecticid
Bahasa Indonesia: english
No full textMisuse and overuse of insecticides by farmers in controlling the brown planthopper or BPH (Nilaparvata lugens), such as over-spraying, over-doses, and mixing more than two insecticides in one application, caused many environmental problems, including resistance. This study aimed to measure the resistance rate of BPH from Payakumbuh Sub-district, West Sumatera Province against BPMC (buthylphenylmethyl carbamate) insecticide. This study used a complete randomized design that consisted of 5 treatments and 5 replications. The treatment was carried out at different concentrations: 0.5 recommended concentration (0.5 ml/l), 1 recommended concentration (1 ml/l), 1.5 recommended concentration (1.5 ml/l), 2 recommended concentration (2 ml/l) and control (without insecticide). The results showed that the higher dose of insecticide, the higher mortality of BPH nymphs. The number of nymphs that succeed to becoming adult decreased when the dosage of insecticide used was increasing. Based on the resistance ratio, the BPH from Payakumbuh is still susceptible to BPMC insecticide. The LC 50 and LC 95 were 0.97 and 2.09 ml on the first day after the application.
Keywords: Brown planthopper, resistance, BPMC, mortality, lethal concentratio
Efektivitas Ekstrak Daun Pepaya secara Invitro terhadap Colletotrichum gloeosporioides Penyebab Penyakit Antraknosa pada Tanaman Cabai: Effectiveness of papaya leaf extract in vitro against Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, the pathogen of the anthracnose disease on red pepper
Full text linkPapaya leaf (Carica papaya Linnaeus) is one of the sources of botanical fungicides that is known to have an ability in inhibiting Colletotrichum gloeosporioides growth. The aim of the study was to determine the effectiveness of papaya leaves extract to suppress of C. gloeosporioides growth that caused anthracnose disease of red pepper (Capsicum annuum Linnaeus) in vitro assay. The study was done in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with five concentration levels of papaya leaves extract and control (1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5%, and control). The parameters were colony growth, colony area, wet weight, dry weight, and conidia number (per ml of suspension). The data obtained were analyzed by ANOVA and LSD tests at 5% significance level. The results showed that the application of papaya leaves extract with different concentrations could suppress the growth of C. gloeosporioides, the pathogen of anthracnose disease in chili. The higher the concentration of papaya leaves extract given, the higher its effectiveness in suppressing the growth of C. gloeosporioides. Application at the 5% concentration was the most effective inhibiting the conidia formation (82.5%), followed by inhibiting the expansion of the colony (64.04%), reducing wet weight (45.16%) and dry weight (54.16%).
Keywords: Anthracnose, botanical fungicides, Capsicum annuum, concentration, growth inhibito
Daya Predasi dan Tanggap Fungsional Kumbang Unta (Ophionea nigrofasciata) pada Beberapa Kepadatan Wereng Batang Coklat (Nilaparvata lugens): Predation Rate and Functional Response of Camel Groundbeetle (Ophionea nigrofasciata) on Several Densities of Brown Planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens)
Full text linkCamel groundbeetle (Ophionea nigrofasciata Schmidt-Goble 1846) or CGB is reported as one of predators of brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens Stal 1854) or BPH. The difference in BPH densities is assumed to affect the predation rate of the CGB. This study aimed to determine the predation rate of CGB on BPH at different densities. This experiment used a completely randomized design (CRD) consisting of six treatments and five replications. The treatment consisted of predation of one CGB at several BPH densities (5, 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 individuals). BPH used was second-third instar of nymphs, and the CGB used was female. The results showed that the predation rate of CGB increased with increasing BPH density with functional response types classified as type I (Linear). The highest predation occurred at 50 density (23.6 individuals or 47.2% of BPH provided). The difference in density of BPH did not affect the bodyweight gain of CGB and tended to decrease due to different prey-seeking behavior.
Keywords: Nillaparvata lugens, Ophionea nigrofasciata, predation, predator