1811 research outputs found
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On the Quantization of Plane Gravitational Waves in Loop Quantum Gravity
Get PDFGravitational waves are oscillations in the geometry of spacetime caused by the movement of mass or energy. In loop quantum gravity, geometry is quantized so spatial quantities such as area and volume take on discrete values. We worked on quantizing plane gravitational waves, which propagate in one direction and have uniform wavefronts perpendicular to the direction of travel, using the method of canonical quantization on general relativity.
For canonical quantization, a theory is expressed in terms of its canonical variables and constraints on those variables, then the variables and constraints are taken to quantum operators and the states of the quantum theory are those that satisfy the constraint operators. The canonical variables of general relativity are Ashtekar variables, which represent gravitational fields in a way that reveals their similarity to electromagnetic fields and other gauge fields. The symmetries of general relativity are formulated as constraints. We used vectors to visually represent the constraints on a spacetime diagram in a manner that is consistent with their actions and their algebra. We represented the constraints as either a Lorentz boost, a directional shift, or a propagation along a light cone. We verified the algebra of these constraints for gravitational waves. A correct quantum theory will have algebra that is consistent the classical constraint algebra.
We found possible quantum operators for the unidirectional constraint, the constraint that ensures the plane wave moves only in one direction. We found quantum states satisfying the different versions of the operator and checked that these states were normalizable. We determined that two different versions of the operator had nontrivial normalizable solutions. These solutions could be used in conjunction with a consistent quantization of the other constraints as a quantum formulation of plane gravitational waves
Cover
Get PDFFront cover illustration: The Star of Bethlehem. 2nd. ed. Book 1. 1903. M-048. Collection of the Israelite House of David
A&Q presents: October 24, 2018
No full textAli Zildjian \u2719 is a literature major from too many places.
Kyandreia Jones \u2719 is a Posse Miami Scholar and a Creative Writing major. She was born and raised in South Florida. When she thinks of home she likes to muse that she is in a “sunshine state of mind”. Jones’ poetry and prose has been published in various college literary publications and magazines such as Red Weather, Grasping Roots, The Black List Journal and The Underground. In 2017, Jones published her first short story, “At Home,” in Living Spring Publishers\u27 Stories Through the Ages, College Edition 2017. Currently, writing a children\u27s book for Choose Your Own Adventure has been the highlight of Jones’ career and she cannot wait to see what other adventures await her as her passion takes her to new, exciting heights. Jones also values reading, writing, laughing, and promoting universal kindness
The Last Shaker Apostate: Augustus Wager and Union Village, Ohio
No full texthttps://digitalcommons.hamilton.edu/books/1061/thumbnail.jp
A List of People from the Valley Forge Community Who Joined the Shakers between 1827 and 1831
Get PDFThe list includes fifty-nine names with approximate age and outcome
DTR on SNS: How college students use social networking sites to define and maintain their intimate relationships
No full textExisting sociological research and literature concerning the role social networking sites (SNS) play in relationships focuses primarily on Facebook and committed relationships. My study aims to address gaps left by past research by extending the target SNSs to include Instagram and Snapchat, and by examining a wider variety of relationship stages (from “hook ups” to romantic relationships). In doing so, my goal is to gain a better understanding of the ways in which college students use SNS to define and maintain their intimate relationships. To collect data for this study, I conducted 13 in depth-interviews with Hamilton College students. Eight of these interviews were with couples in committed, romantic relationships (done separately, not together), and the other five with individuals who indicated that they participate in the hookup culture. These interviews concentrated on the ways these students use SNSs in their relationships with past or present intimate partners. Broadly, this study seeks to contribute to our understanding of how social networking sites change and/or expand how college students interact with each other that were not available prior to the existence of these online platforms
Conflict and Codependence: An Analysis of Town-Gown Relations in Clinton, New York
No full textThis research project examines the relationship between a college and its surrounding communities. Literature relevant to this study includes that on community formation and degradation, sociological concepts of place and habitus, and existing scholarship on town-gown relations. This project determines the areas of codependence and sources of tension in between the relationship between Hamilton and Clinton. Multiple factors hinder the formation of sentimental bonds and community attachment, such as a wealth disparity and difference in perspective on the world. This being said, the College and the Village depend upon one another for a multitude of services that are detailed in this paper. The results of this analysis hopefully provide a structure upon which to further analyze town-gown relations, and help to guide future courses of action through potential improvements to interactions and policy. Utilization of semi-structured interviews was key to the cultivation of poignant and pertinent results in this study, as the personal anecdotes and sentiments of individuals in both populations are paramount in developing valuable findings. In an attempt to study two populations, respondents from both the college and the town had significant roles in the results and concluding sections
Land Hunger: Environmental Migration and Conflict in Bangladesh
No full textEnvironmental security is the study of how environmental factors such as degradation, stress, and scarcity can cause or intensify human conflict and instability. This paper examines migration as a link between environmental problems and conflict. Two historical cases studies from 1970s-1990s Bangladesh were investigated, the preexisting socioeconomic and political factors were taken into account, and the literature of traditional migration and conflict as well as the literature on environmental security were applied. In Case Study #1 environmental migrants moved to the mountainous and historically isolated Chittagong Hill Tracts. Armed conflict between the militia of the indigenous residents, the migrants, and the Bangladeshi military broke out due to the Bangladeshi government’s migration initiatives to change the demographics of the non-Bengali and non-Muslim region it perceived to be be a threat to the stability of the country. In Case Study #2, environmental migrants moved to urban centers in Bangladesh like Dhaka and armed conflict did not break out because no indigenous parties were displaced and the state of Bangladeshi had not prioritized the migrants over established urban residents. The circumstances of the cases are unique and no general framework or solution for environmental conflict or environmental migration can be extrapolated, but the paper seeks to add to the growing body of qualitative environmental security literature
What Are the Social, Economic and Political Histories of Mining in Southwest Transylvania and Prospects for Policy Development?
No full textThe largest gold deposits in Europe sit in the Apuseni Mountains of southwest Transylvania. These mountains have been mined for over five thousand years and in that time they have hosted generations of mining communities and incited recurring conflicts based on control of the mineral rich area. Now, a transnational mining company\u27s plan threatens the modem communities, the environment, and the rich Romanian cultural heritage. In order to better understand this current debate over ownership and control of mineral deposits we must first understand that mining is much more than an economic concern. In this paper I focus on two interrelated research questions: what are the social, economic, and political histories of mining in southwest Transylvania, and how might archaeology inform the discourse around modem mining? While exploring these questions I approach mining as a political act which frequently has complex social and environmental consequences, as well as an economic process. Through this research I attempt to gain insight into the specific issue of the Rosia Montana mining project while also looking at the important role archaeology is often able to play in discussions concerning sustainability, economic development, and preservation of cultural heritage in the modem world