Indonesian Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology (INAJOG)
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Maternal Cystatin C Serum is Higher in Women with Severe Preeclampsia
Get PDFObjective: To determine the comparison between maternal cystatin C serum in severe preeclampsia and normal pregnancy.
Method: This was an observational study with cross sectional analytic approach. The subjects are sixty women with severe preeclampsia and normal pregnancy who met inclusion criteria. The maternal serum level of cystatin C was automatically measured with Particle Enhanced Nephelometric Assay (PENIA).
Result: Mean serum level of cystatin C in severe preeclampsia was 1.169 ± 0.311 mg/l. Mean serum level of cystatin C in normal pregnancy was 0.929 ± 0.166. There was a significant differences between maternal serum levels of cystatin C in women with severe preeclampsia compared with women with normal pregnancy.
Conclusion: There was a significant differences between maternal serum levels of cystatin C in severe preeclampsia compared with normal pregnancy.
Keywords: cystatin C, endotheliosis glomerulus, severe preeclam
The Age, Education, and Occupation Characteristics is not Associated with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Infection in Pregnant Mothers
Get PDFAbstract
Objective: To know the relation ship between age, education and occupation on the pregnant women and the HIVstatus of the husband against the risk of being infected with HIV.
Method: This was an unpaired case cont rol study perform ed in the Obstetrics and Gynecology Department of Sanglah Hospital, Denpasar, from October to November 2011. The subjects were pregnant women who were willing to particip ate in the research, which were grouped into HIV-infected case and control group. Diagnosis of HIV was based on rapid test The data was analyzed using ChiSquar e test with the help of SPSS version 17.0
Result: There was fifty subjects consisting of 25 subjects in the case group and 25 subjects in contr ol group we obtained that the risk of HIV-infected pregnant women in the old vs young age, low vs higher education, and occupations at risk vs not at risk is not significant in the two groups. Each Odds ratio is 0.35 (CI =95% 0.08-1.55; P = 0.16),0.85 (CI=95% 0.28-2.59; P =0.77), and 2.09 (CI=95% 0.1824.62; P =1.00). Meanwhile, the odds ratio of the husband HIV status was 12.67 (CI =95% 3.31-48.50; P =0.01).
Conclusion: Husband s infected with HIVincreases the risk of HIV in pregnant women 12 times greater than if the husband was not infected with HIV. Wher eas, age, education, and th e occupation of mothers is not a risk factor for the occurrence of HIV infection in pregnant women.
Keywords: age, education, husband HIV statu s, occupation and pregnant women infected with HIV
Profile of Estrogen Metabolism in Endometriosis Patients: Profil Metabolisme Estrogen pada Penderita Endometriosis
Get PDFObjective: To assess the estrone (E1), estradiol (E2) and estriol (E3) blood level and its ratio (E2:E1, E2:E3 and E1:E3) between women with and without endometriosis.
Method: We performed an analytical cross sectional study with 27 women with endometriosis and 27 women without endometriosis who met the inclusion criteria. The samples were recruited in Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo hospital and other satellite hospitals from October 2012 to April 2013. The blood level of estrogen metabolites was examined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Comparison between the two groups was analyzed by using Mann- Whitney test.
Result: The level of estrone was found to be lower in endometriosis group compared to that in the control group (54.66 pg/ml vs 73.52 pg/ml, p=0.229). Similarly, the levels of estradiol and estriol were lower in endometriosis group (29 pg/ml vs 35 pg/ml, p=0.815 and 1.11 pg/ml vs 1.67 pg/ml, p=0.095, consecutively). The E2:E1 ratio was higher in endometriosis group (0.51 pg/ml vs 0.38 pg/ml, p=0.164), as well as E2:E3 ratio (26.53 pg/ml vs 21.11 pg/ml, p=0.223) and the E1:E3 ratio (58.55 pg/ml vs 50.28 pg/ml, p=0.684). However, all those differences were not statistically significant.
Conclusion: The estrone, estradiol and estriol levels in women with endometriosis were lower compared to those in women without endometriosis. The ratio of E2:E1, E2:E3 and E1:E3 were higher in endometriosis group. However, all those differences failed to reach statistical significance.
Keywords: endometriosis, estradiol, estriol, estrogen, estron
Impact of Uterine Prolapse Surgery on Improvement of Bowel Symptoms: Dampak Operasi Prolapsus Uteri pada Perbaikan Gejala Sistem Pencernaan
Get PDFObjective: To find the effectiveness of uterine prolapse surgery in patients with bowel symptoms. Method: Clinical trial without comparison study of 32 consecutive women who underwent surgery for grade III and IV uterine prolapse with bowel symptoms. Bowel symptoms score was evaluated before and three months after surgery by using the Australian Pelvic Floor Questionnaire. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 20.
Result: There were significant mean differences between bowel symptoms score three months after surgery for grade III and IV uterine prolapse and before surgery although there were patients with persistent symptoms. Bowel symptoms scores include constipation, flatus incontinence, fecal incontinence, fecal urgency, defecation frequency, defecation consistency, incomplete bowel emptying, laxative use, and frequency of defecation disorder score, with p<0.001 and 95% CI.
Conclusion: Uterine prolapse surgery was effective to improve quality of life in grade III-IV uterine prolapse patients with bowel symptoms.
Keywords: bowel symptoms, cystocele, rectocele, uterine prolapse surger
Serum F2-Isoprostane Levels in Preterm Deliveries Compared to Normal Preterm Pregnancies
Get PDFObjective: To determine the difference between serum F2-isoprostane levels in women with preterm deliveries compared to women in normal preterm pregnancies. Method: Our study is a cross sectional study. During the period of January to August 2012, we collected 72 samples in the Emergency Department and Obstetrics and Gynecology outpatient clinic of Sanglah hospital, Denpasar. Our sample was divided into two groups, 36 cases of preterm deliveries at 28-37 weeks gestational age and 36 preterm normal pregnancies at 28-37 weeks gestational age. We collected 3 ml of blood sample from the cubital vein and quantified the F2-isoprostane levels at the Biology Molecular Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine University of Udayana, Denpasar. Data was analyzed using the Shapiro Wilk test and independent t-test with significance of =0.05. Result: The mean F2-isoprostane level for preterm deliveries and preterm normal pregnancies were 0.315 0.292 pg/ml and 0.017 0.018 pg/ml. Conclusion: We can conclude from this study that there is a difference in F2-isoprostane serum level in preterm labor and normal preterm pregnancies. [Indones J Obstet Gynecol 2014; 4: 182-184] Keywords: F2-Isoprostane, normal preterm pregnancy, preterm deliver
Prevention of Recurrent Urinary Tract Infections in Postmenopausal Women
Get PDFObjective: To determine the most effective and applicable methods to reduce recurrence of urinary tract infections in postmenopausal women.
Method: A search was conducted on Pubmed, NEJM, BMJ, and Google. After screening and selection, six articles were considered useful; comprising of two original research articles, one systematic review, and three society guidelines.
Result: Society guidelines recommended continuous antimicrobial prophylaxis, with postcoital antimicrobial prophylaxis as an alternative. The first research article found similar results in continous antimicrobial prophylaxis group and intermittent antimicrobial prophylaxis group. The second research article found no significant difference in cranberry and trimethoprim group. The systematic review revealed vaginal estrogens are effective in preventing recurrent UTI, but the type of estrogen is less clear. Oral estrogens are not effective.
Conclusion: Prevention of recurrent urinary tract infections in postmenopausal women include risk factor identification, non-antimicrobial prophylaxis with cranberry and vaginal estrogen preparations, and antimicrobial prophylaxis (continuous or intermittent).
Keywords: postmenopausal, prevention, recurrent urinary tract infection
Contraception in Malignancies: Kontrasepsi pada Keganasan
Get PDFAlong with the development of cancer diagnosis and treatment, the life expectancy of women in reproductive age who suffer from cancer are also higher. Women with cancer still have the possibility to be pregnant and have a child during or after completion of therapy. Taking this into consideration, the guideline for contraception in special circumstances like this is needed. After reviewing the safety and effectiveness of contraceptive methods available for women with cancer, The Society of Family Planning urged not to use combination hormonal contraceptives (estrogen and progestin). Hormonal contraceptive use in cancer patients may increase the risk of venous thromboembolism (Level A). T380A IUD, which has a high effectiveness, reversible, long-term, and hormone-free contraception should be considered as the primary choice in patients with breast cancer (Level A). In women who received tamoxifen therapy, the use of IUD containing Levonorgestrel can be considered as a second choice (Level B) because it can decrease the proliferation endometrium. Women with anemia due to chemotherapy may be given contraceptive containing progestin (Level A). Women with osteopenia or osteoporosis after chemotherapy should avoid progestin contraceptive injection (Level A). Currently, there are no data to evaluate the risk of venous thromboembolism in progestin contraceptive use. Further information is also needed to determine the effect of the use of IUD that contains Levonorgestrel against breast cancer recurrence and the effect of hormonal contraceptives on breast cancer in women who received chest wall radiotherapy.
Keywords: cancer, contraception, malignanc
Intracervical Lidocaine Block is more Effective for Pain Management of Curettage in Incomplete Abortion
Get PDFObjective: To compare the effects of Intra cervical and paracervical block with 1% lidocaine for pain management in curettage of incomplete abortion.
Method: This study is a prospective study with Randomized Control Trial approach. The samples were 52 pregnant women with gestational age of less than 20 weeks, which diagnosed as having an incomplete abortion and a procedure using any local anesthetic technique. T test was used to calculate the mean VAS score and standard deviation for each group. Fisher Exact test was used to assess the relationship between variable characteristics and the local anesthetic technique.
Result: The use of local anesthesia using intra cervical block technique for pain management in incomplete abortion with curettage proved to be more effective in lowering degree of pain than paracervical block techniques.
Conclusion: Intracervical block technique as a local anesthetic technique is simpler and relatively safer than paracervical block. This technique can be used extensively in Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Medical Faculty, Hasanuddin University for pain management in curettage.
Keywords: pain, Intracervical anesthesia, paracervical anesthesia, Visual Analogue Scale (VAS
HER2/Neu Expression was Different between Benign, Borderline and Malignant Epithelial Ovarian Tumors
Get PDFObjective: To determine the difference of HER2/neu expression in benign, borderline and malignant epithelial ovarian tumor.
Method: An analytic cross-sectional study was performed on 49 samples of epithelial ovarian cases which were divided into three groups: twelve cases of benign epithelial ovarian tumor, 9 cases of borderline epithelial ovarian tumor and 28 cases of malignant epithelial ovarian tumor. Paraffin embedded tissue samples was cut, stained with HER2/neu imunohistochemistry and examined in Pathology Laboratory at Sanglah Hospital. The other data was collected from medical record samples. The data was analysed using One Way Anova test and Chi-square test with level of confidence α = 0.05.
Result: There were 13 cases (46.43%) of the HER2/neu over expression in malignant epithelial ovarian tumors, 2 cases (22.22%) of the HER2/neu over expression in borderline epithelial ovarian tumors and 1 case (9.09%) of the HER2/neu over expression in benign epithelial ovarian tumors. With p = 0.048 (p < 0.05), there are differentiation of HER2/neu expression in benign, borderline and malignant epithelial ovarian tumors.
Conclusion: In this study HER2/neu expression was different between benign, borderline and malignant epithelial ovarian tumors.
Keywords: benign epithelial ovarian tumor, borderline epithelial ovarian tumor, HER2/neu, malignant epithelial ovarian tumor, ovarian cancer