University of Extremadura
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Educational robotics for science and mathematics teaching: Analysis of pre-service teachers' perceptions and self-confidence
No full textEducational Robotics has had an important impact in recent years as it offers a number of advantages for students. The inclusion of robotics in any educational stage requires teachers with adequate predisposition and training, making it necessary to know the opinions of pre-service teachers. The aim of our study is to analyze the perceptions and self-confidence of 109 pre- service primary education teachers before and after an intervention based on educational robotics and challenge-based learning to teach scientific and mathematical content, in their third academic year. A quasi-experimental design was used involving pretest and posttest, using the nonparametric Mann-Whitney and Wilcoxon U tests. The results showed a significant improvement in the overall mean self-confidence. In addition, the intervention led to a more positive perception of the benefits and possibilities of robotics for teaching of scientific and mathematical content, although it also increased the difficulties of implementation due to the lack of training in this digital resource. It is concluded that interventions are required based on educational robotics that allow pre-service teachers to gain the necessary self-confidence and perception to facilitate its introduction for the teaching of scientific and mathematical content.This research is part of the projects PID2020-115214RB-I00, funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033, PID2022-140601OA-I00, funded by MICIU/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and by ERDF/EU, as well as the Ministry of Education and Vocational Training [FPU20/04959].peerReviewe
Proyecto de ajardinamiento de los alojamientos turísticos “El Refugio de las Arribes” en el T.M. de Villarino de los Aires. (Salamanca)
No full textEl objeto principal de este proyecto es el ajardinamiento y la introducción de infraestructuras a una parcela privada dedicada al alquiler de casas rurales y alojamientos turísticos.
La idea surge de la necesidad de atraer nuevos huéspedes, pues, aunque tienen un buen funcionamiento, cada vez hay mas competencia en la zona.
Para ello el promotor Jesús Martín Criado encarga la realización de este proyecto de ajardinamiento con el fin de ofrecer una experiencia más atractiva a los futuros huéspedes.
Se propone un ajardinamiento que resulte variado, acogedor y entrañable para todas las edades y aunque forme parte del parque natural, sea algo novedoso y atractivo, con zonas de sombra y descanso, incluyendo nuevas especies vegetales e infraestructuras como riego, iluminación y mobiliario.Grado en Ingeniería Forestal y del Medio Natural. Universidad de Extremadur
Initial validation of the teaching methods scale in physical education
No full textDrawing on current theoretical perspectives on teaching methods (i.e., constructivism, cognitivism, or behaviorism), the present research developed a scale to assess students’ perceptions of teaching methods in physical education. Method: Four studies were conducted to design and analyze the psychometric properties of this scale: (a) to create the scale through a think-aloud protocol (n = 4) and an expert panel (n = 4), (b) to test the initial factor structure (nStudy 2 = 465), (c) to reevaluate the psychometric structure with an expert panel and a cross-sectional study (nStudy 3 = 1,420), and (d) to confirm the scale structure and test concurrent validity and factorial invariance (nStudy 4 = 1,208). Results: These conjoint efforts identified a four-factor structure underlying the teaching methods in physical education (constructivist, cognitivist, behaviorist, and laissez-faire methods) and provided preliminary evidence for its validity and reliability. Conclusion: The teaching methods in physical education enables researchers to systematically examine students’ perceptions of teaching methods in the PE class.Financial support provided by the European Regional Development Fundand Government of Extremadura (Counsel of Economy and Infrastructure), and Ministry of Science and Innovation (IJC2019-040788-I).peerReviewe
Guía práctica de Derecho e instituciones de la Unión Europea
No full textEl manual se configura como una guía práctica para la asignatura Derecho e Instituciones de la Unión Europea que es impartida en la Universidad de Extremadura. Contiene la exposición de las unidades que componen el temario, además de las distintas normas que son importantes para su adecuada comprensión. Precisamente por esta razón, no os debéis aproximar al mismo como un texto que deba ser memorizado, sino como el instrumento que os servirá para resolver los diferentes problemas que iremos planteando a lo largo del cuatrimestre en relación con la estructura institucional y el ordenamiento jurídico de la Unión Europea.
The manual is configured as a practical guide for the subject Law and Institutions of the European Union which is taught at the University of Extremadura. Contains the exposition of the units that make up the syllabus, in addition to the different standards that are important for proper understanding. Precisely for this reason, you should not approach it as a text that must be memorized, but as the instrument that will help you solve the different problems that we will pose throughout the course four-month period in relation to the institutional structure and legal system of the European Union.peerReviewe
Influence of a surfactant on bubble bursting
No full textWe study the bursting of a bubble covered with a surfactant experimentally. We conclude that the bubble bursting takes longer than that of a surfactant-free bubble with the same equilibrium surface tension due to the interfacial elasticity. A tiny bubble is formed at the cavity bottom right before the free surface reversal due to the Marangoni stress. This stress also drives the liquid flow that makes the jet escape from the end-pinching mechanism for a certain surfactant concentration interval. A diminutive liquid droplet manages to escape from the jet for a sufficiently large surfactant concentration. This droplet is much smaller than its surfactant-free counterpart but moves at a similar speed. The surfactant molecules are convected toward the jet tip so that the monolayer covering the first-emitted droplet is practically saturated.Support from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (grants no. PID2019-108278RB-C32 / AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and PID2022-140951OB-C22) and Gobierno de Extremadura (grant no. GR21091) is gratefully acknowledged.peerReviewe
Abstract book on the V International Congress on Sustainable Development (SD' 2023). Borderlands, Sustainable Develpment Goals, and Demography Dynamics in Peripheral Territories
No full textLibro con los resúmenes de las ponencias orales, presentadas al V Congreso Internacional de Desarrollo Sostenible. Tuvo lugar en Badajoz, los días 18 a 20 de octubre de 2023. Fue organizado por la Universidad de Extremadura con la cooperación de otras instituciones de Polonia y Portugal. Se trataron los retos y la sostenibilidad de los territorios regionales periféricos.Book containing the abstracts of the oral presentations given at the V International Congress on Sustainable Development. It was held in Badajoz from 18 to 20 October. It was organised by the University of Extremadura in collaboration with other institutions from Poland and Portugal. It focused on the challenges and sustainability of peripheral regional territories.peerReviewe
The pisa report in spain, a comparative analysis (2000-2022). Scores in reading and mathematics
No full textEste estudio se presenta un análisis comparativo de las puntuaciones en Lectura y Matemáticas de España en el marco del Programa para la Evaluación Internacional de Alumnos (PISA) de la OCDE, cubriendo los ciclos de evaluación desde el año 2000 hasta el 2022. A través de una metodología de análisis estadístico, se examina la evolución de las puntuaciones en ambas competencias y los índices de correlación entre ellas. Los resultados indican una correlación positiva moderada entre las habilidades lectoras y matemáticas, sugiriendo la presencia de factores comunes que influyen en el rendimiento en estas áreas. Además, se observa una variabilidad más significativa en las puntuaciones de Lectura en comparación con Matemáticas, lo que apunta a la influencia de la comprensión lectora en el rendimiento académico general. Estos resultados subrayan la importancia de fortalecer la competencia lectora y la necesidad de estrategias integrativas que promuevan habilidades de lectura efectivas a través de todas las áreas del conocimiento.This study conducts a comparative analysis of scores in Reading and Mathematics in Spain within the framework of the OECD’s Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA), covering the assessment cycles from the year 2000 to 2022. Through a statistical analysis methodology, the evolution of scores in both competencies and the correlation rates between them are examined. The results indicate a moderate positive correlation between reading and mathematical skills, suggesting the presence of common factors influencing performance in these areas. Furthermore, a more significant variability in Reading scores compared to Mathematics is observed, pointing to the influence of reading comprehension on overall academic performance. These findings underscore the importance of strengthening reading competence and the need for integrative strategies that promote effective reading skills across all areas of knowledge.peerReviewe
Testing carbon structures for metal-free catalytic/photocatalytic ozonation to remove disinfection by-product formation potential
No full textDifferent graphitic carbon structures were prepared and tested for catalytic and photocatalytic ozonation of the precursors of chlorination disinfection by-products to remove their disinfection formation potential (DBPFP). Commercial graphite was submitted to ball milling and two chemical treatments with ammonium nitrate or potassium oxalate to increase its surface area. Additionally, ozonation in gas phase and liquid phase were used to generate surface oxygen groups in these materials and in commercial graphene. All the carbon samples were tested and compared with commercial graphene oxide in the removal of humic acid solutions. The highest catalytic activity during the catalytic/photocatalytic ozonation of humic acid was observed for commercial graphene, ozonated graphene and for graphene oxide; however, this did not result in high DBPFP removal and the instability of the materials was demonstrated. With a moderate catalytic activity but better stability, ball-milled graphite ozonated in liquid phase, was selected for photocatalytic ozonation of real surface water leading to a high DBPFP removal at the conditions tested (88 % 5-HAAs (haloacetic acids), 70 % 4-THMs (trihalomethanes), 70 % AOX (adsorbable organic halides); conditions: semi-batch experiments; 0.5 L volume; 5 mg L−1 O3; Qg = 10 L h−1; DOC0 = 5 mg L−1; pH = 7.8; 180 min under simulated solar radiation with average irradiance 580 W m−2).This research was funded by the Agencia Estatal de Investigación (AEI) of Spain through the projects PID2019-104429RB-I00/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and CTQ2015-73168-JIN (AEI/FEDER/UE). Dr. V. Montes thanks Junta de Extremadura and European Regional Development Funds through the project IB20042. M.A. Jiménez-López thanks AEI for a FPI predoctoral grant PRE2020-091840peerReviewe
La torre de San Pedro en Ocaña (1796-1826). Maestros de obras y arquitectos de la Academia ante la práctica restauradora
No full textLa torre de San Pedro en Ocaña (Toledo) fue objeto de una dilatada serie de proyectos en la que participaron los arquitectos Ignacio Haan, Miguel Antonio de Marichalar, Juan Antonio Cuervo y Leonardo Clemente. Con el nombramiento de estos académicos de mérito al frente de las obras del arzobispado de Toledo, los maestros de obras que tradicionalmente se habían ocupado de la conservación de los templos quedaron relegados a una condición subalterna. Su profundo dominio de las técnicas constructivas, sustento de una noción conservadora centrada en la preservación del equilibrio orgánico de las fábricas, aún resultaría decisivo en la compleja solución finalmente adoptada para la torre de San Pedro, semejante a la efectuada en la torre de la catedral de Salamanca tras el terremoto de Lisboa de 1755. Los planos y descripciones realizados en estas intervenciones en torno a la guerra de la Independencia han permitido conocer la fisonomía completa de la torre, demolida junto con el resto de la iglesia en 1906. En el grabado de la batalla de Ocaña de Adolphe Roehn y en las acuarelas de Louis Harmois, destinados a rememorar la victoria francesa, quedó atestiguada la relevancia del campanario como hito urbano. Esto tendría inmediata continuidad en su elección como punto de estacionamiento en la primera campaña para la elaboración del mapa geológico de España, en 1850.The tower of San Pedro in Ocaña (Toledo) was the subject of an extensive series of projects involving the architects Ignacio Haan, Miguel Antonio de Marichalar, Juan Antonio Cuervo, and Leonardo Clemente. With the appointment of these Fellows of the Academy to oversee the works of the Archdiocese of Toledo, the master builders who had traditionally been responsible for the conservation of the temples were relegated to a subordinate role. Their profound mastery of construction techniques, which underpinned a conservative approach focused on preserving the organic balance of the structures, would still prove decisive in the complex solution finally adopted for the San Pedro tower, similar to the one implemented for the Salamanca Cathedral tower after the Lisbon earthquake of 1755. The plans and descriptions made during these interventions around the Peninsular War have allowed us to understand the complete appearance of the tower, which was demolished along with the rest of the church in 1906. In the engraving of the Battle of Ocaña by Adolphe Roehn and in the watercolours of Louis Harmois, intended to commemorate the French victory, the relevance of the bell tower as an urban landmark is clear. This would had immediate continuity in its selection as a stationing point in the first campaign for the creation of the geological map of Spain in 1850.peerReviewe
La estela de "Titus Atilus" San Vicente de Alcántara (Badajoz)
No full textLa inscripción que aquí presentamos fue hallada en 2008 por José Antonio Segura en una casa derruida de la dehesa “El Prado” perteneciente al municipio de San Vicente de Alcántara (Badajoz). Procede seguramente de la zona del “Valle Grande”, donde en la segunda mitad del siglo pasado se hallaron otras dos estelas funerarias que debían formar parte de la misma necrópolis