University of Extremadura
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Mobilidade académica internacional no contexto da pandemia pela Covid-19
No full textLa internacionalización académica tiene como objetivo la adquisición de habilidades que permitan interactuar efectivamente en el contexto de la globalización. La propagación de COVID-19 restringió la movilidad estudiantil presencial, pero potenció la oportunidad de experimentar el intercambio sin desplazamiento. Así, esta investigación tuvo como objetivo reconstruir la experiencia de una movilidad académica internacional virtual. A partir del discurso de los actores participantes se llevó a cabo un estudio retrospectivo de sistematización de experiencias, con enfoque reflexivo utilizando una entrevista semiestructurada (análisis hermenéutico). La muestra fue seleccionada por conveniencia en dos programas de pregrado en fisioterapia (Brasil y Colombia). Participaron 10 estudiantes, 10 docentes, 2 coordinadores y los responsables de las oficinas de internacionalización. La movilidad requirió ajustes didácticos y metodológicos tanto en los contenidos como en la evaluación, los cuales se adaptaron a la tecnología disponible, los docentes sintieron temor tanto por el idioma como por el logro de los objetivos. Los estudiantes manifestaron satisfacción y buen desempeño académico, resaltando esta alternativa como la única posible por las limitaciones económicas. La principal motivación para la movilidad fue la experimentación de nuevas experiencias y la principal barrera el idioma. La movilidad virtual brindó oportunidades de acceso, crecimiento y transformación.Academic internationalization has as its objective the acquisition of skills that allow interacting effectively in the context of globalization. The propagation of COVID-19 restricted student mobility but increased the opportunity to experience the exchange without displacement. Thus, this investigation aims to reconstruct the experience of virtual international academic mobility. A retrospective systematization of experiences was carried out using a semi-structured interview (hermeneutic analysis) with a reflective approach. A convenience sample was selected in a physiotherapy course (Brasil and Colombia): 10 students, ten professors, two coordinators, and three members of the internationalization department. The mobility required didactic and methodological adjustments in the contents and evaluation adapted to the available technology. Teachers reported fear of not achieving their goals due to the language. On the other hand, students showed satisfaction and good academic performance and highlighted this alternative as the only possible one due to economic limitations. The main motivation for mobility was the experimentation of new experiences and the main barrier to language. Virtual mobility offers access, growth, and transformation opportunitiesA internacionalização acadêmica visa a aquisição de competências que permitam uma interação eficaz no contexto da globalização. A propagação da COVID-19 restringiu a mobilidade estudantil pessoalmente, mas aumentou a oportunidade de experimentar o intercâmbio sem viajar. Assim, esta investigação visou reconstruir a experiência de uma mobilidade académica internacional virtual. Com base nas declarações dos atores participantes, foi realizado um estudo retrospetivo de sistematização de experiências, com uma abordagem reflexiva através de entrevistas semi-estruturadas (análise hermenêutica). A amostra foi selecionada por conveniência em dois cursos de licenciatura em fisioterapia (Brasil e Colômbia). Os participantes foram 10 alunos, 10 professores, 2 coordenadores e responsáveis pelo secretariado de internacionalização. A mobilidade exigia ajustamentos didáticos e metodológicos tanto nos conteúdos como na avaliação, que foram adaptados à tecnologia disponível, os professores temiam tanto pela língua como pela realização dos objetivos. Os alunos manifestaram satisfação e bom desempenho académico, destacando esta alternativa como a única possível devido a limitações económicas. A principal motivação para a mobilidade foi a experimentação de novas experiências e a principal barreira foi a linguagem. A mobilidade virtual tem proporcionado oportunidades de acesso, crescimento e transformaçãopeerReviewe
Parenting guidelines and everyday discomforts
No full textNumerosos estudios actuales revelan graves distorsiones en las pautas de crianza, que comportan malestares cotidianos, con riesgos evidentes para un crecer saludable. Sin embargo, estas pautas están naturalizadas y, habitualmente, no se interviene sobre ellas de modo específico desde una perspectiva comunitaria. Esto conlleva una sobreactuación sobre los síntomas, y dificulta la atención de las necesidades. Este trabajo presenta una experiencia de intervención grupal con madres y padres, como muestra de la aplicación de la Metodología de los Procesos Correctores Comunitarios (ProCC) al ámbito familiar y de la crianza. Dicha metodología tiene como objeto de estudio y trabajo los malestares de la vida cotidiana, desarrolla el concepto de Normalidad Supuesta Salud, y acumula una amplia y robusta experiencia de más de 40 años de labor ininterrumpida en la intervención comunitaria. Se definió como objetivo valorar los resultados de la aplicación del Programa ProCC “Escuela para madres y padres”, en cuanto al desarrollo de criterios de actuación frente a las dificultades en la crianza. Se trabajó con dos grupos de madres y padres, de dos comunidades autónomas de España. Se aplicó un enfoque de investigación cualitativa, se utilizó la observación sistemática para el registro del proceso grupal y el análisis de contenido para el procesamiento de la información. Como resultados más significativos se pudo constatar que la intervención les permitió elaborar herramientas para la decodificación y resolución de los conflictos de la crianza, la mejora en el vínculo diario, el afianzamiento de la posición adulta, y vivenciar el valor de la reflexión grupal para la construcción de alternativas. Lo anterior confirma también la eficacia tanto del programa como del método para potenciar la labor de la familia en la regulación y contención del proceso de crecer. Dichos resultados permitieron, asimismo, identificar recomendaciones de nuevas líneas de intervención e investigación.Numerous current studies reveal serious distortions in parenting patterns, that entail obvious risks for healthy growing up. However, these patterns are naturalized, and they are not usually intervened on specifically from a community perspective. This leads to overreacting to the symptoms, and makes it difficult to attend to needs. This work presents a group intervention experience with mothers and fathers, as an example of the application of the Community Corrective Processes Methodology (ProCC) to the family and parenting sphere. This methodology has as its object of study and work the discomforts of daily life, develops the concept of Normality Assumed Health, and accumulates a wide and robust experience of more than 40 years of uninterrupted work in community intervention. The objective was defined to assess the results of the application of the ProCC Program “School for mothers and fathers”, in terms of the development of action criteria against difficulties in parenting. We worked with two groups of mothers and fathers, from two autonomous communities in Spain. A qualitative research approach was applied, systematic observation was used to record the group process and content analysis for information processing. The most significant results were that the intervention allowed them to develop tools for the decoding and resolving parenting conflicts, improving their daily bond, strengthening their adult position, and experiencing the value of group reflection for the construction of alternatives. The above also confirms the effectiveness of both the program and the method to enhance the family’s work in regulating and containing the process of growing up. These results also made it possible to identify recommendations for new lines of intervention and investigation.peerReviewe
Application of real‑time PCR for the identification of the endangered species Galemys pyrenaicus through faecal samples
No full textOpen Access funding provided thanks to the CRUE-CSIC agreement with Springer NatureBackground: Currently, many micromammals are important targets for study. The endangered Galemys pyrenaicus is an outstanding example. Globally, their populations have suffered a substantial decline in last 20 years. In the surveyed area, the capture of desman is legally forbidden due to the high conservation concerns. Reason by non-invasive sampling through faeces is proposed for its monitoring. Furthermore, the confusion between faeces from desman and Mediterranean water shrews must be considered. Thus, the aim of this study was focused on developing RT-PCR assays to determine the presence of Galemys pyrenaicus and N. a. anomalus from non-invasive samples.
Methods and results: The study was conducted in the mountains of the System Central of Extremadura (Spain). A total of 186 samples were collected from 2018 to 2021 by experts where historically reported and/or our previous studies confirmed their presence. RT-PCR assays using hydrolysis probes were designed to detect genetic material from both desman and Mediterranean water shrews and its specificity was confirmed. The reliability of the method was further assessed by PCR sequencing of mitochondrial Cyb and d-loop, resulting fully compatible with the RT-PCR approach. Intraspecific phylogenetic relationship was reported to improve knowledge about mtDNA variability in the desman from the Central System.
Conclusions: We demonstrated that RT-PCR gives a gold opportunity to further map the species using faeces which minimizes disturbance and reports both population status and individual presence. Cost-effective RT-PCR combined with field-collected faeces allows us to better investigate the full range of occurrence of the species.This study was financially supported by the LIFE + Desmania Project (LI-FE11/NAT/ES/000691) Programa para la recuperación y conservación de Galemys pyrenaicus y su hábitat en Castilla y León y Extremadura and the project 0620_BIOTRANS_4_E which is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund (FEDER) through the Interreg Cooperation Programme INTERREG V-A Spain-Portugal (POCTEP 2014-2020). Agreement Exp. 2251999FR001 80% co-financed by FEADER Europa invierte en zonas rurales PDR Extremadura 2014-2022peerReviewe
Relevance of the P+O2 Reaction for PO Formation in Astrochemical Environments: Electronic Structure Calculations and Kinetic Simulations
No full textPhosphorus monoxide (PO) is a key brick of prebiotic chemistry since it is a potential precursor of phosphates, which are present in all living systems. Prompted by the lack of information on the different processes involved in the formation of PO, we have revisited and analyzed in detail the P(4S) + O2(3Σ−) and P(4S) + O2(1Δ) reactions leading to PO. The former process has been widely studied from both experimental and theoretical points of view, however, with contradictory results. We have used high-level quantum-chemical calculations to accurately
describe the reaction mechanisms. Next, rate constants have been computed using a master equation approach
based on ab initio transition state theory. By incorporating the P(4S) + O2(3Σ−) reaction in an astrochemical
model, we have found that this reaction cannot be overlooked when aiming at a complete understanding of the PO
abundance in regions dominated by shocks with speeds below 40 km s−1.peerReviewe
Handwriting evaluation in school-aged children
No full textLa educación formal se basa en el desarrollo de diferentes habilidades complejas, entre las que destaca la escritura manuscrita. El propósito de este estudio fue analizar la relación entre el desempeño a nivel de la velocidad y la calidad de la escritura manuscrita y el desempeño a nivel de la función de integración visomotriz en el plano gráfico, en escolares que cursan cuarto año de la escuela primaria. Un total de 158 niños y niñas de 7 instituciones educativas públicas, de educación común, del quintil 5 de Montevideo, participaron en el estudio (total niñas: 80, 50,6%; total niños: 78; 49,4%). Se realizó un estudio cuantitativo, transversal, a partir de un muestreo probabilístico efectuado en dos etapas. Para la evaluación de la calidad y la velocidad de la escritura manuscrita se utilizó el Método de evaluación concisa de la escritura a mano de niños (BHK). Para la evaluación de la función de integración visomotriz en el plano gráfico se utilizó la segunda versión del Test Gestáltico Visomotor de Bender (Bender-II). El análisis estadístico de los datos obtenidos se realizó utilizando software específico para cada una de las etapas del estudio. La escritura manuscrita de las niñas resultó ser más legible que la de los niños. No se encontraron diferencias significativas de la velocidad de la escritura en función del sexo. La calidad y velocidad de la escritura manuscrita se correlacionaron positivamente con la función de integración visomotriz. Esta investigación contribuye a la caracterización de la escritura manuscrita en la etapa escolar y constituye un avance importante hacia la construcción de baremos específicos para nuestra población.Formal education is based on the development of different complex skills, among which handwriting stands out. The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between performance in the speed and quality of handwriting and performance in the visual-motor integration function in the graphic plane, in schoolchildren who are in the fourth year of the primary school. A total of 158 boys and girls from 7 public educational institutions, common education, from the 5th income quintile of Montevideo, partici-pated in the study (total girls: 80, 50.6%; total boys: 78, 49.4%). A quantitative, cross-sectional study was carried out based on probabilistic sampling carried out in two stages. To evaluate the quality and speed of handwriting, the Concise Assessment Method of Children’s Handwriting (BHK) was used. To evaluate the visual- motor integration function in the graphic plane, the second version of Bender’s Visual- Motor Gestalt Test (Bender-II) was used. The statistical analysis of the data obtained was carried out using specific software for each of the stages of the study. Girls’ handwriting turned out to be more legible than boys’. No significant differences were found in writing speed based on sex. The quality and speed of handwriting were positively correlated with visual-motor integration function. This research contributes to the characterization of handwriting in the school stage and constitutes an important advance towards the construction of specific scales for our population.peerReviewe
Predictive factors of the degrees of malnutrition according to GLIM criteria in head and neck cancer patients: Valor Group
No full textBACKGROUND: Malnutrition is highly prevalent in patients with head and neck cancer, with relevant consequences in the treatment results. METHODS: Multicenter observational study including 514 patients diagnosed with HNC. The morphofunctional assessment was carried out during the first 2 weeks of radiotherapy treatment. A correlation analysis between nutritional variables and groups of malnutrition, a multivariate logistic regression analysis, and a random forest analysis to select the most relevant variables to predict malnutrition were performed. RESULTS: In total, 51.6% were undernourished (26.3% moderately and 25.3% severely). There was a negative correlation between morphofunctional variables and a positive correlation between hsCRP and well vs. moderate and well vs. severe malnutrition groups. The increase in different bioelectrical and ultrasound parameters was associated with a lower risk of moderate and severe malnutrition when groups with different degrees of malnutrition were compared. To predict the importance of morphofunctional variables on the risk of undernutrition, a nomogram, a random forest, and decision tree models were conducted. For the well vs. moderate, for the well vs. severe, and for the moderate vs. severe malnutrition groups, FFMI (cut-off < 20 kg/m2), BCMI (cut-off < 7.6 kg/m2), and RF-Y-axis (cut-off < 0.94 cm), respectively, were the most crucial variables, showing a greater probability of mortality in the two last comparisons. CONCLUSIONS: Malnutrition is very prevalent in HNC patients. Morphofunctional assessment with simple tools such as electrical impedance and muscle ultrasound allows an early nutritional diagnosis with an impact on survival. Therefore, these techniques should be incorporated into the daily clinical attention of patients with HNC.This work was funded by FRESENEIUS KABI® and Project PI23/01554 funded by Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) and cofounded by the European Union, JR19/00050, ISCIII. The funders were not involved in the study design, collection, analysis, interpretation of data, the writing of the manuscript, or the decision to submit it for publication.peerReviewe
Study of the nonlinear dynamics of an ODE for surface waves in shallow water
No full textEn este Trabajo de Fin de Grado se detalla el estudio de soluciones de tipo ondas viajeras acotadas para dos ecuaciones diferenciales ordinarias que modelan el comportamiento del perfil de una superficie acuosa en el límite de bajas profundidades, las ecuaciones de Camassa--Holm y Costantin--Lannes. Para ello, se trata de escribir las ecuaciones como un sistema Hamiltoniano plano bajo ciertos cambios de variables. Las soluciones compatibles con el ansatz introducido se resumen en ondas solitarias (o solitones) y ondas periódicas. Con el objetivo de fundamentar estos desarrollos se introduce la teoría necesaria sobre ecuaciones diferenciales y sistemas Hamiltonianos planos, así como algunos resultados relacionados con la búsqueda y propiedades de las raíces de polinomios con coeficientes reales. Además, la presencia de singularidades implica la existencia de soluciones débiles.In this Bachelor's Thesis, the study about bounded traveling wave solutions of two ordinary differential equations, Camassa--Holm and Constantin--Lannes equations, which model the behavior of the surface of shallow water is detailed. With that aim, the differential equations are written as Hamiltonian planar systems after the corresponding changes of variables. The solutions fulfilling this ansatz can be summarized as solitary waves (or solitons) and periodic waves. The carried description is founded by the introduction of the basic results about differential equations and Hamiltonian planar systems, as well as some others about the finding and properties of the roots of polynomials with real coefficients. Furthermore, the presence of singularities implies the existence of weak solutions.Grado en Matemáticas. Universidad de Extremadur
Experiencia de la Biblioteca del Centro Universitario de Plasencia con el uso de la aplicación Affluences
No full textEl Centro Universitario de Plasencia, perteneciente a la Universidad de Extremadura, cuenta con una biblioteca pequeña, con buenas condiciones espaciales, de horario amplio y de ubicación céntrica. Es lugar de estudio de alumnos de la Universidad de Extremadura y de usuarios externos. Cada período de exámenes, los puestos de estudio han sido motivo de queja por parte ambos tipos de usuarios. Gracias a la aplicación Affluences y especialmente a su módulo de reserva de puestos online, la biblioteca ha mejorado la gestión del espacio y los usuarios se encuentran satisfechos con un nuevo sistema que les permite planificar su espacio y su tiempo de estudio
Neural Network for Sky Darkness Level Prediction in Rural Areas
No full textA neural network was developed using the Multilayer Perceptron (MLP) model to predict the darkness value of the night sky in rural areas. For data collection, a photometer was placed in three different rural locations in the province of Cáceres, Spain, recording darkness values over a period of 23 months. The recorded data were processed, debugged, and used as a training set (75%) and validation set (25%) in the development of an MLP capable of predicting the darkness level for a given date. The network had a single hidden layer of 10 neurons and hyperbolic activation function, obtaining a coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.85 and a mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) of 6.8%. The developed model could be employed in unpopulated rural areas for the promotion of sustainable astronomical tourism
Violencia de género: actuación en el ámbito educativo con menores víctimas
No full textAunque la violencia de género es una lacra que está siendo ampliamente estudiada desde múltiples perspectivas, todavía existen lagunas de conocimiento y de trabajo de campo que han sido escasamente consideradas. Una de estas importantes lagunas son los hijos e hijas de mujeres supervivientes.
Este libro es un material dirigido a toda la Comunidad Educativa para la prevención y detección de la violencia de género, en menores víctimas que hayan sufrido o estén sufriendo violencia en sus hogares.
La elaboración y difusión de los documentos que se presentan aquí han sido redactados en base al conocimiento científico que en la actualidad existe. Además, todo el documento está redactado por parte de profesionales que trabajan en este ámbito y todo el equipo investigador del proyecto titulado: “Secuelas psicopatológicas y neuropsicológicas en hijos e hijas víctimas de violencia de género” que se ha llevado a cabo en la Facultad de Educación y Psicología de la Universidad de Extremadura.Although gender violence is a scourge that is being widely studied from multiple perspectives, there are still gaps in knowledge and field work that have been scarcely considered. One of these important gaps is the sons and daughters of surviving women.
This book is a material aimed at the entire Educational Community for the prevention and detection of gender violence, in child victims who have suffered or are suffering violence in their homes.
The preparation and dissemination of the documents presented here have been written based on the scientific knowledge that currently exists. In addition, the entire document is written by professionals who work in this field and the entire research team of the project entitled: "Psychopathological and neuropsychological consequences in sons and daughters victims of gender violence" that has been carried out at the Faculty of Education and Psychology of the University of Extremadura.peerReviewe