Journal of Management Research (JMR)
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Impact of Corporate Governance Practices on the Financial Performance of Conventional Banks and Closed Ended Mutual Funds in Pakistan
No full textThis research investigates the effect of corporate governance practices on Conventional Banks and Closed-Ended Mutual Funds financial performance in Pakistan. The analysis was carried out using twenty-five banks as a sample out of 35 from the banking sector & six Closed Ended Mutual Funds out of 21 from mutual funds sector of Pakistan. The results were predicted using correlation and regression to find the relationship and effect of Corporate Governance on financial performance. The findings indicate that board diversity has a positive and significant impact, and board size has a negative significant influence on the financial performance. The results also predicted that CEO’s duality has a negative significant impact whereas managerial ownership and institutional ownership have positive significant effects on financial performance. The results predicted an insignificant difference in corporate governance practices of closed-ended mutual fund and conventional banks in Pakistan. Therefore, it is suggested that the banking and fund sectors should exercise corporate governance practices. This study has some managerial implications and can be tested in other sectors.
Keywords: Corporate Governance, Organization Performance, Conventional Banks in Pakistan, and Close Ended Mutual Funds Companies in Pakistan
Working Capital Management and Corporate Cash Holding: A Comparative Analysis of Conventional and Islamic Banks in Pakistan
No full textThis study was conducted to understand the impact of Working Capital Management on Corporate Cash Holding in the context of conventional and Islamic banks in Pakistan. In this study, we used the panel data of 31 banks in which 24 are conventional banks while 7 are Islamic banks. In this study, the data was collected from the annual reports of both conventional and Islamic banks from 2011 to 2017. The data was analyzed through various statistical techniques i.e. Descriptive Statistic and Correlation, Fixed effects, Random effects and Hausman test. The working capital management proxy such as cash flow ratio has positive and statistically insignificant effect on corporate cash holding of Conventional banks, while firm size and leverage show positive and statistically significant effects on corporate cash holding. Similarly, the cash flow ratio shows a positive and statistically insignificant effect on the corporate cash holding of Islamic banks in Pakistan and a positive and statistically significant effect of control variables. This contains certain managerial implications for both policymakers and investors
Key Words: Working Capital Management, Corporate Cash Holding, Conventional and Islamic Banks. Pakista
Assessing the determinants of the Entrepreneurial Career intention of Generation Z
No full textThis study is an attempt to assess the determinants of entrepreneurial career intention of Generation Z. Understanding the entrepreneurial career intention is of fundamental importance as Generation Z will be the future workforce. Factors like job autonomy, perceived job satisfaction, perceived motivation and family support were assessed vis a vis the entrepreneurial career intention of the Generation Z. The Social Identity Theory (SIT) was adopted to better understand the model and the Generation Z entrepreneurial career intention. An online survey method was utilized to collect the data. The PLS-SEM was used to test the proposed model. The results suggest that family support and perceived motivation have a positive and significant relationship in guiding the entrepreneurial career intention of Generation Z. The findings and limitations are discussed as well.
Keywords: Entrepreneurial career intention, Generation Z, perceived job satisfaction, perceived job autonomy, family support, perceived motivatio
Effect of Corporate Governance on Financial Reporting Quality: Evidence from Listed Textile Sector Firms on Pakistan Stock Exchange
No full textThis research aims to find the association between financial reporting quality and corporate governance. The current study used the financial data from textile sector firms, registered on Pakistan Stock Exchange and collected data from 2009-2016. Multi-variate regression models i.e. Random effects and Fixed effects models were used to explain these relationships. We used audit committee independence, board independence, institutional shareholders ownership and CEO duality and FRQ in this regression model. Investigation revealed that there is positive relationship between financial reporting quality and corporate governance. The results found that Audit Committee has positive outcome on the Financial Reporting Quality of textile sector companies. Likewise, Board Independence has positive significant effect on the Financial Reporting Quality. While, Institutional Shareholding ownership has also positive effect on the Financial Reporting Quality of firm which means that with the increase in Institutional ownership will enhance the Financial Reporting Quality of the firms. The results also predict positive effect of CEO-Duality on the firm’s financial reporting quality which signifies the importance of Chief Executive Officer Duality in enhancing the firm’s Financial Reporting Quality in Pakistani context. The results are very helpful for the policy makers and investors in their decisions.
Key Words: Corporate Governance, Financial Reporting Quality, Textile Sector, Pakistan Stock Exchang
Impact of Bit coin in Developing countries Economy
No full textThis paper examines the role of Bit coin (crypto currency) in Developing countries Economy. Bit coin is a new type of digital currency that has increases the importance of traction like as an economic instrument (no direct link established). Although Bit coin’s constantly increases, as compared with different areas of financial system now Bit coin in an emerging stage and there were not much of scholarly articles on bit coin topic. This paper is an outcome of examining study on the awareness and role of Bit coin in the economy and its impact on society with a special emphasis on Asia and also one of the first studies to examine Bit coin’s use as a complement to developing markets currencies. The overall reaction from the different group member of sample is mixed towards different variables. This study also focuses on both sides issues of bit coin particularly in interest of financial institutions and economists with a prospective transformation. This study also discusses and highlights an application of advance technology and revolution with a digital currency.
Key Terms: Bit coin, Digital currencies, Cryptography, Developing Countries Econom
Factors Affecting the Job Satisfaction of the Employees in the Private Commercial Banks of Bangladesh
No full textThis paper aims to determine the factors affecting the job satisfaction of the employees working in the private commercial banks (PCBs) of Bangladesh. The Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire has been used to obtain the data from 590 employees working at the mid-level, junior-level, and entry-level in the thirty PCBs of Bangladesh. Convenience sampling technique has been used to select the PCBs and the respondents. Chi-square test and binary logistic regression analysis have been utilized as statistical tools in this study. The results of the study show that nature of the bank, age, marital status, education, length of the service, and number of bonuses of the employees have significant impact on job satisfaction and thus, for these variables null hypotheses are accepted. The results also found that sex, salary, level of present service, and area of service have statistically no influence on job satisfaction and thus, alternative hypotheses are accepted for these variables. Due to rapid development and competition in the PCBs, some measures should be taken to reduce long working hours and tight leave policy to foster job satisfaction. Implications, limitations, and future directions are also discussed in the study.
Keywords: Job satisfaction, private commercial banks, demographic variables, socio economic variables, and Bangladesh
ASSESSMENT OF FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT PRACTICES AND SKILLS OF STUDENTS
No full textThe purpose of this paper is to evaluate the financial management practices and skills among male and female students registered in management sciences and others disciplines by employed Analyses of Variances (ANOVA), mean score and t-test. Three hundred and twenty questionnaires were distributed among students and took 20 to 40 minutes to complete. Three hundred questionnaires were returned by the respondents which shows 84 percent response rate. The study found that male students enrolled in management sciences in public sector have larger aptitude to manage daily expenses, credit usage, future needs, work on stress, saving, decision-making, career planning and problem solving than male students enrolled in others fields in public sector. Furthermore, the study shows that manage daily expenses, credit/debt, time mgt, saving, use of study loan, interaction skills, decision-making and problem solving were strong in female students enrolled in management sciences in public sectors. The study concluded that both male and female enrolled in management sciences at various universities and colleges have greater financial managing skills than students registered in others disciplines
Promotion of Entrepreneurship Intention among Female Students in Pakistan by Utilizing the Perceived Support Model and the Theory of Planned Behavior
No full textUnderstanding factors which promote entrepreneurship among female is need of the day. In current study, we proposed and tested three mediating model where three aspects of support including educational, relational, and structural predicted entrepreneurship intention among female students mediated by attitude, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control. For this study, primary data is collected using the survey measure adapted from previous sources. Convenience sampling is used to collect data from female university students from selected universities in Pakistan (n=165). Our findings indicate that perceived educational support and perceived relational support have significant positive effects on the entrepreneurship intention among female university students. We did not find the support for the proposed mediating model. However, our findings indicate that perceived educational support have significant and positive influence on attitude and perceived behavioral control. Our findings thus highlight the role of educational support in promoting entrepreneurship intention among female students.Keywords: Women Entrepreneurship, Educational Support, Relational Support, Structural Support
EFFECTIVE GREEN MANAGEMENT: CO-RESPONSIBILITY OF COMPANIES, CONSUMERS AND GOVERNMENT A CASE STUDY OF PAKISTAN AND SWEDISH CONSUMER
No full textThe purpose of the study is to find out that how effective green marketing can be formulated and implemented for Pakistan and how companies, consumers and government can play their role in awareness, spreading and implementing green concept and strategies. Our focus sample will be university students, students can be a good representation of certain niche, for example in Linköping students belongs to different parts of Sweden, similarly in Pakistan this is the case. For this purpose we distributed a questionnaire composed of 14 questions among a sample of 100 consumers in both countries respectively. The study found that 82% Swedes are concerened towards environment, natural resources in comparison to 64% of Pakistani consumers. Moreover, the study reveals that 12% and 8% are deeply concerned respectively while 28% Pakistani consumers are disconcern towards environment as compared to 6% Swedes. The study also concluded that 54% of Swedes spend or would like to spend 1-5% of their income to buy environmentally friendly products/services, compared to 25 Pakistanis. Furthermore, the study shows that 17% Swedes showed interest on spending 6% or more while there was any Pakistani to pay more than 6%
DETERMINANTS OF LEVERAGE OF LISTED TEXTILE COMPANIES IN PAKISTAN STOCK EXCHANGE
No full textThe financing police is panacea for the company management to incline the value of the firm and decrease the cost of the capital. The basic aim of study is to examine the determinants of leverage of listed companies in the textile industrial sector of Pakistan Stock Exchange during the study period of 2009-2013. The most appropriate model for panel data i.e. fixed effect, random effect and pooled regression model has used but the diagnostic test Hausman, Chow, and Breusch Pagan test select Pooled model for the study. The findings of the study reveal that tangibility and liquidity are significant but negatively related to capital structure. However, size (+), growth (-) and profitability (-) is insignificant determinants of leverage in textile sector of Pakistan. The results of the study support in favour of pecking order theory. The top management of textile sector might consider liquidity and tangibility while making capital structure decision.Keywords: Textile Sector, Pakistan, Capital Structure, Pooled Model, Determinants