Oita Prefectural College of Arts and Culture Repository / 大分県立芸術文化短期大学リポジトリ
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The Structure of the Chapter of Chi-wu-lun in Chuang-Tsu : especially the latter half of this chapter
Get PDFP(論文)This paper is a part of the series of my research on Chuang-Tsu. In another paper I related the first half of Chi-wu-lun. The first half consists of one long story. I came to the conclusion that the original works of Chuang-Chou (荘周) are included in this story, and I guess this part is written in record style like the form of Lao-tsu (老子). So in this paper I argue about the latter half of this chapter. The latter half consists of four stories. I insist that the second story in the latter half also has the records of Chuang-Chou. In this paper I also research the structure of each story of the latter half of this chapter. Each of these stories is independent. The result of my research is that this chapter was edited in a later period, and the works by Chuang-Tsu are actually included, but are only a part of this chapter. And also I believe that the innner chapters of Chuang-Tsu (荘子内篇) are not the works of Chuang-Chou, except some parts of a chapter of Chi-wu-lun
Field Studies on the Behavioral Characteristics of Pedestrians and Drivers : Preliminary Observations
Get PDFP(論文)本研究では、歩行者やドライバー(車)のフライングやかけ込みを社会的影響現象としてとらえ、(1)フライングやかけ込みの生起が、歩行者や車の数(集団密度)によってどのような影響を受けるか、(2)一人の歩行者、一台の車のフライングやかけ込みが、周囲の歩行者や車の追従行動にどのような影響を与えるか、について資料を得ることを目的にフィールド観察を行った。その結果、歩行者に関して、フライングは全観察回数240回のうち89回(37.1%)観察され、それに伴う追従フライングも59回(66.3%)観察された。かけ込みについては、全観察回数240回のうち77回(32.1%)観察され、うち追従かけ込みが29回(37.7%)観察された。このように一人の歩行者のフライングやかけ込みは、周囲の歩行者の行動にも少なからず影響を与えていると言えよう。フライングや追従フライングは、信号待ちの歩行者数による違いが大きく、集団密度が高く、歩行者の個人空間が侵害されやすい状況では生起率が高まることが示唆された。他方、かけ込みについては、歩行者の数による影響は認められなかったが、各地点の特徴を考察すれば、歩行者の急ぎやあせりといった個人的要因や状況的要因をかけ込みの原因として看過できない。また、かけ込みはフライングと比べて若年者に多いのが特徴であり、運動能力への自信や若者特有の衝動性といった面が影響しているものと考えられる。次に、ドライバー(車)の行動に関して、フライングは全観察回数120回のうち26回(21.7%)観察され、うち追従フライングは10回(38.5%)観察された。交通量の多さ(集団密度の高さ)といった点からは結果は明確でなかったが、状況的には本線(大道陸橋北交差点の国道10号線)に侵入する道路(同交差点の国道210号線)においてフライングの生起率が高く、信号待ちの時間の長さからくるイライラや、短い青信号の間に、少しでも早く発進しようとするドライバーの心理を反映しているものと考えられる。かけ込みについては、全観察回数120回のうち86回(71.7%)観察された。黄信号1秒以上のかけ込みに限っても56回(46.7%)となり、フライングに比べて生起率は高い。かけ込みは交通量の多い(集団密度の高い)地点で多く、しかも、かけ込みが観察された86回のうち、かけ込み車の前方に先行車がある場合が67回(77.9%)、後続に追従車がある場合が74回(86.0%)、先行車と追従車の両方が観察された場合が64回(74.4%)であった。このように車のかけ込みの原因は、一旦形成された車と車の密度と流れの中で、停止が困難になることが背景にあると考えられる。今回の観察の中で、とくに車のかけ込みは、重大事故につながりやすい行動であるだけに更なる検討が必要であろう。今後は、車と車の密度や流れに関する計量的指標を開発して、より詳細な分析を試みる必要がある。Two observational studies were conducted to examine the behavioral characteristics of pedestrians and drivers in traffic situations. The major results were as follows: 1) When the group size of pedestrians was large, rushing was more often observed while the signals in the pedestrian crossing were red (Observation 1). 2) When vehicles were speeding into the intersection when the signals were yellow or red, the other vehicles were affected (Observation 2). These results were discussed in terms of personal space and group density
Jane Eyre : Swaying between Servitude and Sacrifice
Get PDFP(論文)We can frequently find words such as 'servitude', 'slave', 'sacrifice', 'obedience', 'mutiny' or 'rebel' in Jane Eyre. These words reflect the severe reality that women were subjected to subservience in the patriarchal society of England in the 19th century. They suffered from conflicting feelings-the desire for rebellion and the fear of the opposition of society. Charlotte Bronte fully depicted these conflicting desires by choosing the master-governess (i. e. dependant) situation. This situation also symbolizes the woman's position in patriarchal society and is best suited to explain the hardships woman had to meet. In this paper I analysed Charlotte Bronte's conception of the ideal equality between men and women by emphasizing the words 'servitude' and 'sacrifice.
Branzburg v. Hayes Revisited : The Confidentiality of Journalists' Sources and "Freedom of Information"
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The Structure of the Chapters of Jen-Chien-Shih Te-Ch'ong-Fu Ta-Tsung-Shih and Ying-Ti-Wang.
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The Relationship between Female Adolescents' Self-reliance and Their Recognized Psychological Distances between Their Parents
Get PDFP(論文)The relationship between female adolescents' self-reliance and the recognized psychological distances between their parents was exploratory studied. In STUDY 1, the four factors of adolescent-parent relationship were found out by factor analysis; "communication", "controlled", "intimate", "emotional connection". In STUDY 2, the recognized psychological distances between their parents and the existencies of their parents were measured by drawing technique, and were considered the relation with the self-reliance. Several characteristic processes of psychological maturing in Japanese female adolescence were suggested