Oita Prefectural College of Arts and Culture Repository / 大分県立芸術文化短期大学リポジトリ
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Shape Perception by Active Touch
Get PDFP(論文)Three experiments were conducted to explore the perception of the shapes of objects by active touch. In Experiment 1, we showed that an exploration of an object by five fingers made recall performance better than by only index finger exploration. In Experiment 2, the relationship between tactual perception of the shapes of objects and eye movement was explored. In Experiment 3, the performance of shape recognition in controlled eye movement conditions was compared to free eye movement conditions. The results showed that the performance of shape recognition in free eye mevement conditions was better than in controlled eye movement conditions
AN OPERATIONAL DETERMINATION OF THE MEANING OF QUANTITATIVE WORDS WITH PRESCHOOL CHILDREN IN THE PRESENT GENERATION
Get PDFP(論文)Preschool children of four years, five years and six years of age were tested in order to see how such young children understand the meaning of quantitative words. The method used is simple. It only requires each child to take out "many" or "a few" etc. beads (which are 1.5cm in diameter) from a container and put them on a tray. This method is significant in that it operationally determines the meaning of a word through action. Because of this simple procedure it was available to preschool children. Stimulus words selected for this study were "very many", "many", "a few" and "a very few". The present authors carried out a study of the same sort thirty years ago. The purpose of this study, thus, is to determine operationally the meaning of quantitative words with preschool children in the present generation, and to compare the results obtained here with those of the same study which was carried out three decades age, making clear the descrepancies between younger children of two generations in the interpretation of the meaning. And this article is mostly concerned with the analysis of results obtained from the present subjects. It was pointed out that scores (which are equal to the actual number taken) of "very many" and "many" were, as expected from the earlier study, very low as compared with the background number. Scores for these two words, however, tended to increase with age. Scores for "a few" and "a very few" were naturally very low. Five- and six-year olds could understand an adverb "very". For four-year olds, however, "very" is weak in meaning, and, in fact, some of them reversed two words: "a very few" > "a few". There were also a few children who interpreted these two words as "a very few" = "a few". In general, the difference between the lowest and the highest scores (that is, the score for "a very few" and the score for "very many") becomes greater with age. The present authors take the view that differentiation was found here. In any age group, the mean scores for four stimulus words increased with the increment of background number, but the scores did not double and treble in spite of the double and the treble increments in the background number
THE TAIKA REFORM : WHAT WENT WRONG?
Get PDFP(論文)The economic structure of the Heian government was based on a system borrowed from China. The purpose of the Taika reform and the subsequent Taiho Codes was to take power away from the rival clans and to put it in the hands of the imperial family. The reform had four basic tenets: 1 Control of the land and people by imperial administration; 2 Control of the provinces by the capital city; 3 A compilation of population and taxation registers and land laws; 4 A new system of taxation. This paper examines the failure of each of the four tenets of the Taika reform and attempts to show that their failure resulted in the collapse of the central government of Heian-kyo
Shape Perception by Active Touch and Passive Touch : The Effect of a Long Retention Interval-Pilot Study
Get PDFP(論文)The performance of recognition of shape in active touch and passive touch is an exploratory investigation using delays between acquisition and recognition tests. The results suggested that the type of touching effected the performance of recognition
An Education of Information processing for Students without Technical Knowledge : Toward Sophisticated Information Society
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