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Efficacy of collagen-only scaffolds compared to polymer-associated collagen and nanomaterials in skin wound repair – a review
Full text linkWound healing remains a clinical problem, with cases of atrophic, hypertrophic, or keloid scars. Three-dimensional scaffolds have been used to restore skin function, facilitating cell migration, adhesion, and proliferation. Collagen is the most common, presenting low antigenicity, decreased inflammation, and replacement by autologous tissue. It is used as sheets/films, sponges, membranes, sprays, and hydrogels of various origins. This integrative literature review aimed to evaluate the application of unassociated collagen scaffolds for skin wound healing and compare them to collagen associations with nanomaterials and polymers. Properties such as applications in humans and other unconventional models cause burns, partial and full-thickness wounds, and others. Scaffold, biomaterials, collagen, wound, injury, repair, and healing were among the descriptors. We found 3,098 articles published between 1995 and 2022 (Mendeley platform), including clinical/experimental trials. After exclusion, 26 studies were identified and analyzed. Autologous and heterologous collagens are the most used in the clinic and favor wound closure by improving re-epithelialization and reducing inflammation but may present challenges in aesthetic acceptance and loss of repair function in the wound site. Furthermore, collagen integration with other nanomaterials improved wound repair and experimental models
Synergistic effect of sorafenib with Platycladus orientalis (L) leaf extract on cervical cancer
Full text linkThe extracts of Platycladus orientalis (L.) Franco leaves have shown promising anti-cancer, anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory potency with the traditional knowledge of healing HPV associated warts. The purpose of this research is to assess the synergistic activity of sorafenib and Platycladus orientalis (L) leaf extraction on cervical cancer cells. The cytotoxicity efficiency of different concentrations of Sorafenib and ethanol extract of Platycladus orientalis (L.) leaves were tested on HeLa cells by MTT and Trypan blue assays. The synergistic effect of the IC50 concentrations of Sorafenib and Platycladus orientalis (L.) on HeLa cell by MTT assay, and mRNA expression levels of tumor suppressor tazarotene-induced gene 3 (TIG3), proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) gene and apoptosis modulator (Bcl-2) gene by RT-PCR were evaluated with individual treatments. Combination treatment showed a relatively more expression of TIG3 and less expression of Bcl-2 and PCNA was observed. Growth factor-induced MAPKP activation was arrested by compound combination treatment, which and suppression of proliferation-induced apoptosis of cervical cancer cells. Based on the our results, the combination of sorafenib and crude leaf extract from Platycladus orientalis (L.) can effectively suppress cervical cancer cell growth, thereby providing an interesting rationale for further clinical trials and in-vivo studies
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No full textMolecular markers are important tools in the characterization of plant genetic diversity and can provide support for conservation strategies for endangered populations. The different molecular techniques involve the evaluation of many individuals; therefore, it is crucial to have fast, efficient, and inexpensive methods for DNA extraction. Given the importance of the Aroeira (Myracrodruon urundeuva Fr. All.) it is pertinent to optimize a protocol that allows the obtainment of intact and pure DNA, aiming to assist conservation strategies for this species that is threatened with extinction. Thus, this study aimed to compare five DNA extraction methods: Dellaporta et al. (1983), Doyle and Doyle (1987) modified, Ferreira and Grattapaglia (1995), Romano and Brasileiro (2015), and Khanuja et al. (1999) and optimize the most efficient protocol for M. urundeuva. The modified DNA extraction protocol proposed by Doyle and Doyle (1987), using 100 mg of leaf tissue and 6 µl of β-mercaptoethanol was the protocol that presented the sharpest bands after DNA electrophoresis and after the reactions of amplification employing Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). Therefore, it is suggested to use the protocol described by Doyle and Doyle (1987) modified for the extraction of DNA from young M. urundeuva leaves to carry out techniques involving molecular markers.Marcadores moleculares são importantes ferramentas na caracterização da diversidade genética de plantas e podem fornecer subsídios para estratégias de conservação de populações ameaçadas de extinção. As diferentes técnicas moleculares envolvem a avaliação de um grande número de indivíduos, portanto, é crucial dispor de métodos rápidos, eficientes e pouco onerosos para a extração de DNA. Dado a importância da aroeira (Myracrodruon urundeuva Fr. All.) faz-se pertinente a otimização de um protocolo que possibilite a obtenção de um DNA íntegro e puro, visando auxiliar estratégias de conservação dessa espécie que se encontra ameaçada de extinção. Dessa forma, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo comparar cinco métodos de extração de DNA: Dellaporta et al. (1983), Doyle e Doyle (1987) modificado, Ferreira e Grattapaglia (1995), Romano e Brasileiro (1999) e Khanuja et al. (1999) e otimizar o protocolo mais eficiente para M. urundeuva. O protocolo de extração de DNA proposto por Doyle e Doyle (1987) modificado, com a utilização de 100 mg de tecido foliar e 6 µl de β-mercaptoetanol foi o protocolo que apresentou as bandas mais nítidas após a eletroforese de DNA e após as reações de amplificação por meio da Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). Portanto, sugere-se a utilização do protocolo descrito por Doyle e Doyle (1987) modificado para a extração do DNA de folhas jovens de M. urundeuva para a realização de técnicas que envolvam marcadores moleculares
Inhibitory effects of diarsenic trioxide (As2O3) on hepatocellular carcinoma cells exerted by regulation of promyelocytic leukemia protein levels
Full text linkPrevious Chinese research revealed that diarsenic trioxide (As2O3) inhibits acute promyelocytic leukemia (PML) cell proliferation and initiates apoptosis through degradation of the PML-retinoic acid receptor protein. This study was to analyse whether As2O3 also had an effect on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells. As2O3 effects on various HCC cell lines and primary HCC cells were investigated in time and dose series, including measurements of cell growth, PML mRNA and protein expression, xenografted tumor formation, and the self-renewal Oct4 and hepatocyte marker expressions in mouse model xenografts or cells treated with PML siRNA. The results were analyzed by immunocytochemistry, quantitative reverse transcription PCR and western blotting as well as indocyanine green and Periodic Acid Schiff staining. As2O3 inhibited HCC cell and HCC cell-derived xenograft tumor formation in a time-dependent manner and reduced PML protein expression in HCC cells, but had limited effects on PML mRNA levels in cell nuclei. The HCC cell line HuH7 treated with As2O3 showed a decreased expression of alpha-fetoprotein and increased expression and transcription of mature hepatocyte markers, indicating differentiation of HCC cells into hepatocytes. Cytokeratin 18 protein and mRNA levels as well as tyrosine aminotransferase and apolipoprotein B mRNA transcriptions were enhanced by As2O3 as were the numbers of indocyanine green and Periodic Acid Schiff stained cells. In addition, As2O3 downregulated the expression of Oct4. In conclusion, since As2O3 inhibited HCC cell proliferation and HCC cell-derived xenograft tumor formation it is suggested that an appropriate concentration of As2O3 might be a promising therapy to treat HCC
Teste rápido para detectar resistência a herbicidas inibidores de ALS em arroz-daninho e capim-arroz em um bioensaio à base de ágar
No full textResistance to acetolactate synthase (ALS) inhibitors have increased recently in South Brazil where the major weeds of flooded rice (barnyardgrass and weedy rice) have evolved resistance to imazapyr+imazapic. The aim of this research was to evaluate a growth medium for tissue regeneration of tillers in barnyardgrass, as well as an agar-based bioassays test (also from tillers) to detect susceptible and resistant biotypes of weedy rice and barnyardgrass to imazapyr+imazapic in vitro. Greenhouse experiments were conducted to detect ALS-resistant (R) and susceptible (S) weedy rice and barnyardgrass biotypes, and bioassays were carried out to evaluate an adequate growth medium for barnyardgrass tiller regeneration and determine the concentration of herbicide to distinguish R and S plants. The culture medium that provided a suitable barnyardgrass growth was MS 50% with the addition of benzylamino-purine. The tissue regeneration in vitro with the growth medium containing imazapyr+imazapic allowed to discriminate between R and S barnyardgrass and weedy rice plants. The concentration required for satisfactory control of susceptible barnyardgrass and weedy rice explants grown in vitro was 0.9 μM and 1.3 μM of imazapyr+imazapic herbicide, respectively. The bioassay in vitro using tiller regeneration provides an opportunity to predict effectively imazapyr+imazapic resistance in barnyardgrass and weedy rice.A resistência aos inibidores da acetolactato sintase (ALS) aumentou recentemente no Sul do Brasil, onde as plantas daninhas capim-arroz e arroz-daninho desenvolveram resistência a imazapyr+imazapic. O objetivo foi avaliar um meio de crescimento adequado para regeneração de tecidos, bem como discriminar doses de imazapyr+imazapic incluídos no meio de cultura para distinguir biótipos resistentes e suscetíveis de arroz-daninho e capim-arroz em bioensaios à base de ágar. Experimentos em estufa foram conduzidos para detectar biótipos resistentes (R) e suscetíveis (S) de arroz-daninho e capim-arroz aos inibidores de ALS, e bioensaios foram conduzidos para avaliar um meio de crescimento adequado para regeneração de tecido de capim-arroz e determinar a concentração de herbicida necessária para distinguir biótipos R e S. O meio de cultura que proporcionou um crescimento adequado de capim-arroz foi MS 50% com a adição de benzilamino-purina. A regeneração in vitro com o meio de crescimento contendo imazapyr+imazapic permitiu discriminar R e S biótipos de arroz-daninho e capim-arroz. A concentração necessária para o controle satisfatório de explantes suscetíveis de capim-arroz e arroz daninho cultivados in vitro foi de 0,9 μM e 1,3 μM de imazapyr+imazapic, respectivamente. O bioensaio usando regeneração de explantes in vitro gera uma oportunidade de predizer a eficácia de imazapyr+imazapic
Effect of low temperature and room temperature on the depth of cure of bulk-fill composite resins
Full text linkThe study analyzed the influence of temperature on the depth of cure of bulk-fill composite resins. Three discs (ISO 4049/2000) from each group were made, and four restorative materials were investigated: Opus Bulk-Fill Flow, Opus Bulk-Fill APS, Filtek™ One Bulk-Fill, and Filtek™ Bulk-Fill Flow. They were light-cured (Gnatus ± 1,200 mW/cm2) for 20 seconds, varying the temperature (23°C and 5°C) and simulating the use of the product both at room temperature and under refrigeration. The materials were inserted in aluminum matrices with 10 mm in depth and 4 mm in diameter. A clear film strip and a glass microscope slide were positioned at the top and bottom surfaces. The material was condensed and light-cured with the tip of the light source in close contact, for 20 seconds on the top surface. Immediately after irradiation, the samples were removed from the mold, and the uncured part was removed with a plastic spatula. The measurement was performed with a micrometer ± 0.1 mm, and the value was divided by 2. The data were analyzed with two-way ANOVA at a significance of 0.05. There was a statistical difference in the temperature between the results obtained in Opus Bulk-Fill APS (p <0.001) and Filtek™ Bulk-Fill Flow (p = 0.018) resins. For the temperature of 5°C, Filtek™ Bulk-Fill Flow showed a statistical difference compared to the other resins, while Opus Bulk-Fill Flow and Opus Bulk-Fill APS did not. For the temperature of 23°C, Filtek™ Bulk-Fill Flow maintained the statistical difference from the others, but Filtek™ One Bulk-Fill and Opus Bulk-Fill APS did not present statistical differences. Storing the Filtek™ Bulk-Fill Flow composite resin in the refrigerator caused a greater depth of cure than the other resins, and the depth of cure decreased at room temperature. As for Opus Bulk-Fill APS, the depth of cure decreased proportionally to the temperature decrease. The temperature may affect the depth of cure of some composite resins
Hiclato de doxiciclina pode causar danos ao epitélio germinativo testicular em ratos Wistar
No full textBroad-spectrum antimicrobial doxycycline acts as an inhibitor of protein synthesis and it is widely used in the clinical treatment of various infections by microorganisms that are sensitive to the drug, as well as in animal feed. Its liposolubility guarantees its high tissue bioavailability, being associated with several biochemical changes in the organism and potentially adverse effects on reproduction. This study aims to evaluate the effects of the action of doxycycline on spermatogenesis to provide a complete analysis of the tubular and interstitial compartments and to identify possible changes in the testicular parenchyma. Adult male Wistar rats were divided into three groups: one control (water), and two treated with doxycycline at the doses of 10mg/kg and 30mg/kg, for 30 days. After euthanasia and sample processing, the following parameters were evaluated: a) tubular diameter and height of the seminiferous epithelium; b) volumetric proportions (%) and volumes (mL) of the components of the testicular parenchyma; c) counting testicular germ cell populations; d) evaluation of cell viability. The results of the comparative evaluation between the experimental groups demonstrated a significant increase in the diameter and area of the tubular lumen and a reduction in the count of spermatogonia in the experimental group that received doxycycline hyclate at a dose of 30mg/kg. In the same experimental group, an increase in the overall yield of spermatogenesis was found as a consequence of the increase in the mitotic index.A doxiciclina antimicrobiana de amplo espectro atua como inibidor da síntese proteica e é amplamente utilizada no tratamento clínico de diversas infecções por microrganismos sensíveis ao fármaco, bem como na alimentação animal. Sua lipossolubilidade garante sua alta biodisponibilidade tecidual e seu uso está associado a diversas alterações bioquímicas no organismo e efeitos potencialmente adversos na reprodução. Este estudo tem como objetivo avaliar os efeitos da ação da doxiciclina na espermatogênese para fornecer uma análise completa dos compartimentos tubular e intersticial e identificar possíveis alterações no parênquima testicular. Ratos Wistar machos adultos foram divididos em três grupos: um controle (água) e dois tratados com doxiciclina nas doses de 10mg/kg e 30mg/kg, por 30 dias. Após a eutanásia e processamento das amostras, foram avaliados os seguintes parâmetros: a) diâmetro tubular e altura do epitélio seminífero; b) proporções volumétricas (%) e volumes (mL) dos componentes do parênquima testicular; c) contagem de populações de células germinativas testiculares; d) avaliação da viabilidade celular. Os resultados da avaliação comparativa entre os grupos experimentais demonstraram aumento significativo no diâmetro e área do lúmen tubular e redução na contagem de espermatogônias no grupo experimental que recebeu hidrato de doxiciclina na dose de 30mg/kg. No mesmo grupo experimental, foi encontrado um aumento no rendimento global da espermatogênese como consequência do aumento do índice mitótico
Genetic diversity of Macroptilium accessions considering the increase in air temperature
Full text linkClimate changes can influence the genetic diversity of forage plants, which may contribute to the improvement and development of new species. Therefore, this research aimed to evaluate the influence of temperature increase on the genetic diversity of Macroptilium accessions based on morphoagronomic descriptors. The experiment was carried out in a growth chamber in a 2×16 factorial arrangement (temperature regimes x Macroptilium accessions), with the temperatures consisting of T1 (20–26–33 °C) and T2 (24.8–30.8–37.8 °C) and 16 accessions. Eleven morphoagronomic descriptors allowed estimating the diversity among accessions. The measurements of genetic dissimilarity enabled us to observe the genetic distance between the studied materials, standing out the accessions T1.M3 and T2.S4 as the most divergent (446.01). The morphoagronomic descriptors percentage of leaves and stem diameter were the most efficient for estimating the diversity between access. Genetic variability points to the adaptation of Macroptilium accessions in the climate change scenario. The accessions more divergent can be explored in genetic breeding programs for the species aiming at the expansion of genetic variability as an adaptation mechanism to heat stress
Community structure of endophytic fungi in roots and leaves of Fagopyrum mill and Avena sativa in a Chinese northern cold region
Full text linkIn order to explore the endophytic fungi of Fagopyrum Mill and Avena sativa, Illumina Miseq high-throughput sequencing was used to analyze the community structure and diversity of endophytic fungi in leaves and roots of buckwheat and oat at the mature stage. The results of community structure showed that there were 205 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) in buckwheat roots and 181 OTUs in buckwheat leaves based on 97% sequence similarity level. There were 152 OTUs and 127 OTUs in the root and the leaf of oat, respectively. At the phylum level, Ascomycota and Basidiomycota were the dominant endophytic fungi in buckwheat roots and leaves, while Ascomycota was the dominant endophytic fungus in oat roots and leaves. Alpha diversity analysis showed that the Ace index, Chao index and Shannon index of buckwheat roots were higher than that of buckwheat leaves, and the three indices of oat roots were also higher than that of oat leaves, indicating that the richness and diversity of endophytic fungi community in roots were higher than that in leaves. Biomarkers were found by significant difference analysis in buckwheat and oat. The endophytic functional groups of buckwheat and oat were mainly distributed in Pathotroph and Saprotroph. The results of this study laid a foundation for fully exploiting the dominant endophytic fungal resources of buckwheat and oat and further developing microbial fertilizers
Potential of rust-resistant arabica coffee cultivars for specialty coffee production
Full text linkRust is the main disease affecting Coffea arabica, the most economically important coffee species. The objective of this study was to analyze C. arabica cultivars with different levels of rust resistance, including bean size, raw bean appearance, final sensory scores (FSS), and aroma and taste nuances of the coffee cup. The experiment was designed in randomized blocks (RBD) with three replications and 20 treatments (cultivars), totaling 60 experimental plots. The rust-susceptible cultivars IPR 100, Rubi MG 1192, and Topázio MG 1190 were compared with 17 rust-resistant cultivars. Cultivars IPR 103, MGS Aranãs, and Saíra II presented the highest percentages of high sieves, highest scores of raw bean appearance, and low percentages of mocha-type beans. All cultivars had FSS above 82 and were classified as specialty coffees. The cultivars with the highest FSS (Arara and Catiguá MG2) showed a greater diversity of coffee cup aroma and flavor nuances. Rust-resistant Arabica coffee cultivars are promising for the physical quality of beans and have potential for the specialty coffee market