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Success rate of endodontic treatment and quality of life of patients treated at a higher education institution: a decade-long retrospective study
Full text linkEndodontic treatment aims to prevent or treat inflammatory and infectious processes involving the pulp and periradicular tissues. The main objective of this research was to clinically and radiographically evaluate the success rate of endodontic treatment and its impact on the quality of life of patients treated at the Dental School Clinic (CEO, in the Portuguese acronym) of the Federal University of Campina Grande (UFCG). Methods: A retrospective observational clinical study was developed, with data collected through a search in the medical records of Endodontics courses of the CEO/UFCG, interviews, and clinical and radiographic examinations. The sample consisted of patients treated between 2014 and 2023 who had completed endodontic treatment. The study included patients aged 18 or older with available medical record information. Results: The success rate of the endodontic treatments performed by dental students was 97%. The only case of endodontic treatment failure presented compromised healing (kidney disease) and a tooth with pulp necrosis and periapical lesion. The average oral health-related quality of life score was 5.0 points. The most frequent problems were mouth pain, discomfort when eating, and psychological discomfort (embarrassment or tension). Conclusions: The endodontic treatments performed at CEO/UFCG were satisfactory, with a success rate of 97%, and there was little negative impact from the oral disorder
Psychotropic medication use among postgraduate students and associated factors
Full text linkThis study examined the prevalence and influencing factors of psychotropic medication use among 5,334 postgraduate students from across Brazil. It was a crosssectional and observational investigation, which collected electronic data through the REDCap platform over three months in 2022. The data analysis revealed several factors associated with psychotropic medication use, including psychological distress in the previous year, self-reported mental disorders, continuous medication use, pandemic related disruptions, a positive COVID-19 test, and illicit drug use during the pandemic. However, certain factors, such as living in the north or southeast regions and accessing psychological counseling before the pandemic, showed a protective association. These findings demonstrate that mental health policies that support and monitor students using psychotropic medications are crucial for enhancing well-being in postgraduate programs. Objetivo: Identificar a prevalência do uso de medicamentos psicotrópicos e os fatores associados entre estudantes de pós-graduação brasileiros. Métodos: Este estudo transversal, analítico e observacional envolveu 5.334 estudantes de pós-graduação em nível nacional. Os dados foram coletados por meio de um formulário eletrônico na plataforma Research Electronic Data Capture (REDCap) de maio a julho de 2022. A modelagem de Regressão Logística Binária no programa R foi utilizada para a análise dos dados. Resultados: Variáveis como mal-estar psicológico nos últimos 12 meses, autodeclaração de transtornos mentais, uso contínuo de medicamentos, interrupção de atividades devido à pandemia, teste positivo para COVID-19 e uso de drogas ilícitas durante a pandemia foram associadas ao uso de medicamentos psicotrópicos. Residir nas regiões norte e sudeste do Brasil e ter recebido aconselhamento psicológico antes da pandemia foram fatores de proteção contra o uso dessas medicações. Conclusões: Políticas que promovam a saúde mental e conscientização sobre o monitoramento adequado dos estudantes de pós-graduação que utilizam medicamentos psicotrópicos devem ser priorizadas nos programas de pós-graduação
Association between herbicides and sugarcane straw for controlling Urochloa decumbens (Stapf) R. D. Webster in peanuts
Full text linkSignal grass (Urochloa decumbens) is a common troublesome weed in peanut areas, and its control is essential. This study evaluated the efficacy of herbicides associated with harvested sugarcane residues in controlling U. decumbens. Herbicides were applied with or without sugarcane straw during U. decumbens pre-emergence (imazapic, imazethapyr + flumioxazin, diclosulam, s-metolachlor, clomazone, sulfentrazone, sulfentrazone + diuron, pyroxasulfone, and trifluralin) and post-emergence (imazapic, imazethapyr, bentazon + imazamox, quizalofop-p-ethyl, clethodim, haloxyfop-p-methyl, fluazifop-p-butyl, propaquizafop, and glyphosate). Sugarcane residues reduced plant emergence (68%) and emergence speed (77%). Except for imazapic, every pre-emergent herbicide application without sugarcane straw promoted control levels higher than 90%. The highest U. decumbens control levels (over 95%) occurred mainly with clomazone, pyroxasulfone, and trifluralin, regardless of the straw factor. Glyphosate and haloxyfop herbicides promoted the highest U. decumbens control levels, primarily reducing growth characteristics, followed by propaquizafop, quizalofop-p-ethyl, and fluazifop-p-butyl. The study concluded that sugarcane straw reduced U. decumbens emergence. Clomazone, pyroxasulfone, and trifluralin herbicides applied during pre-emergence promoted the highest U. decumbens control levels, regardless of the presence or absence of sugarcane straw. All pre-emergence herbicide applications without sugarcane straw controlled U. decumbens satisfactorily, except for imazapic. Glyphosate and haloxyfop-p-methyl herbicides applied post-emergence provided the highest U. decumbens control levels, followed by propaquizafop, quizalofop-p-ethyl, and fluazifop-p-butyl, regardless of the presence of sugarcane straw
In vitro allelopathic potential of Photinia × fraseri extracts on the seed germination of selected crop and weed species
Full text linkIn sustainable agriculture, allelopathy emerges as a promising strategy for eco-friendly weed management. This study provides a preliminary in vitro assessment of the allelopathic effects of aqueous flower and leaf extracts of Photinia × fraseri on the seed germination of selected crop (wheat, corn, lentil, lettuce) and weed (radish, purslane) species. The chemical composition of the extracts was analyzed using GC-MS, and germination assays were conducted at five concentrations: 1%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%, corresponding to 0.5, 12.5, 25, 37.5, and 50 mg ml−1, respectively. The results showed a concentration-dependent inhibition of germination in all tested species, with flower extracts exhibiting higher allelopathic effects than leaf extracts. Lettuce and radish seeds were the most sensitive, while corn and wheat were the least affected. Given that wild radish is a common agricultural weed, flower extract concentrations of 50% and above may represent potential candidates for bioherbicide development. These findings are an initial step toward understanding the allelopathic potential of P. × fraseri, and further in vivo pot and/or field studies are recommended to validate its practical applicability
Prevalence of red, orange, and green microbial complexes in periodontal pockets of chronic kidney disease patients on hemodialysis: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Full text linkTo verify the prevalence of specific microorganisms of red, green, and orange microbiological complexes in periodontal pockets of chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients on hemodialysis. This systematic review was conducted according to the PRISMA statement. The search strategy included two independent reviewers who searched the PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Cochrane, and Lilacs databases in August 2024, using MeSH terms and keywords defined with the PICOS acronym. The studies included were cross-sectional and published from 2007-2017 in English. The risk of bias and quality of evidence were assessed with the NIH Quality Assessment Tool for Observational Cohort and Cross-sectional Studies. Quantitative analysis with proportion meta-analysis was also performed. 4,737 studies were initially selected, and five were included. The study verified the prevalence of the green complex - Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (6.69%); the orange complex - Prevotella intermedia (16.85%) and Prevotella nigrescens (37.51%); and the red complex - Treponema denticola (29.11%), Porphyromonas gingivalis (49.45%), and Tannerella forsythia (56.37%), the most predominant microorganism. In the subgingival microbiota of CKD patients on hemodialysis, the red complex showed higher rates and prevalences, and Tannerella forsythia was the most common pathogen
Association of skin temperature, cumulative dose of radiation, and the diagnosis of radiodermatitis
Full text linkRadiotherapy is one of the treatments of cancer, and radiodermatitis is one of the side effects, with a negative impact on the patient\u27s quality of life, which can lead to limitation dose of radiation, delay in completion, or discontinuation of treatment. Recent studies show evidence that thermography can be useful in this context of radiodermatitis, as it is a technology that has been improved, there are still few studies showing thermal response and mapping of radiation dermatitis. This study analyzed the association between skin temperature, cumulative radiation dose, and the appearance of radiodermatitis. The research was carried out with 76 participants with skin, head or neck cancer and thermographic recording immediately before and after irradiation. The Radiation Therapy Oncology Group scale was used to diagnose radiodermatitis. As the main results in our sample, 70% of the participants had some degree of radiodermatitis, and significant differences in skin temperature were observed when compared to participants without (32.88 °C) and with radiodermatitis (thermal difference in average temperature greater than 1.0 °C for both grade I and grade II radiodermatitis). The ideal time for thermographic evaluation would be after receiving the daily dose, where we found a moderate correlation (0.474) between the temperature of the affected side after irradiation and the pre-irradiation cumulative dose. Our results demonstrate that radiodermatitis change skin temperature and thermographic analysis can quantify. Finally, to improve early diagnosis, we recommend that scales be constructed with greater definitions for the classification of radiation toxicity, without overlapping symptoms, considering quantitative criteria
Epiphytic and endophytic bacteria for the control of Botrytis cinerea in vitro and in grape berries of cv. sauvignon blanc in southern Brazil
Full text linkBotrytis bunch rot (BBR) in grapevines caused by Botrytis cinerea is a pre- and post-harvest disease that leads to significant losses in southern Brazil. This study aimed to assess the potential of epiphytic and endophytic bacteria to control B. cinerea in vitro and in vivo in the cv. Sauvignon Blanc (SB). B. cinerea and epiphytic and endophytic bacterial isolates were obtained from the grape clusters and leaf phyllosphere (epiphytic and endophytic) of the SB variety, respectively. Four epiphytic and two endophytic isolates that showed the highest antibiosis indices in vitro and in vivo were identified using phenotyping and DNA sequencing. Treatments were carried out in a completely randomized experimental design with five replications, including (a) control, (b) B. cinerea, (c) commercial product (EcoshotÒ) with Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, (d) epiphytic bacteria, and (e) endophytic bacteria. Among the 52 isolates, 4 epiphytic and 2 endophytic isolates showed the highest degree of inhibition and significantly inhibited the growth of B. cinerea. The UEP40, UEP43, UEN13, and UEN14 isolates yielded positive reactions for urea and indole. The epiphytic isolates UEP43 (identified as Serratia marcescens) and UEP51 (Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens pv. flaccumfaciens) and the endophytic isolate UEN13 (Staphylococcus equorum) reduced the severity of BBR on detached grape berries by ~55% and 49% between 72 and 168 h after inoculation, respectively. These bacterial isolates are potential biocontrol agents against B. cinerea. However, more research is needed to confirm their efficacy in vineyards in southern Brazil.A podridão cinzenta (PC) em videiras, causada pelo Botrytis cinerea, é uma doença de pré e pós-colheita que causa perdas significativas no sul do Brasil. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o potencial de bactérias epifíticas e endofíticas no controle do B. cinerea in vitro e in vivo na variedade \u27Sauvignon Blanc\u27 (SB). Os isolados de B. cinerea e bactérias epifíticas e endofíticas foram obtidos de cachos de uva e do filoplano da variedade SB, respectivamente. Quatro isolados epifíticos e dois endofíticos que mostraram os maiores índices de antibiose in vitro e in vivo foram identificados usando fenotipagem e sequenciamento de DNA. Os tratamentos foram realizados em um delineamento experimental completamente casualizado com cinco repetições, incluindo: a) controle; b) B. cinerea; c) produto comercial - Ecoshot® com Bacillus amyloliquefaciens; d) bactérias epifíticas e e) bactérias endofíticas. Entre os 52 isolados, quatro epifíticos e dois endofíticos, apresentaram os maiores grau de inibição e inibiram significativamente o crescimento do B. cinerea. Os isolados UEP40, UEP43, UEN13 e UEN14 apresentaram reações positivas para ureia e indol. Os isolados epifíticos UEP43 e UEP51 e o isolado endofítico UEN13 reduziram a severidade da BBR em bagas de uva destacadas em aproximadamente 55% e 49% entre 72 e 168 horas após a inoculação, respectivamente. Esses isolados foram identificados como Serratia marcescens, Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens pv. flaccumfaciens e Staphylococcus equorum, respectivamente. Esses isolados bacterianos são agentes potenciais de biocontrole de B. cinerea. No entanto, mais pesquisas são necessárias para confirmar sua eficácia em vinhedos no sul do Brasil
Comparison of imaging methods for detection of simulated horizontal and oblique root fractures in a new study model
Full text linkThis study aimed to compare the accuracy of standard, mesially shifted, and distally shifted periapical radiography with that of cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) in detecting oblique and horizontal root fractures. Nine teeth were randomly divided into the control, horizontal root fracture (HRF), and oblique root fracture (ORF) groups. Fractures were created without fragment separation using a perpendicular force and confirmed by transillumination. The imaging techniques included standard periapical radiography (SP), mesially shifted periapical radiography (MP), distally shifted periapical radiography (DP), and CBCT. Four postgraduate dental students evaluated the images for the presence or absence of fractures using a five-point scale. The sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve were calculated for each observer. CBCT demonstrated higher sensitivity and accuracy than radiographic methods. ROC curve values were significantly greater for CBCT than for MP (p=0.005). For horizontal fractures, the sensitivity (p=0.125), specificity (p=0.630), and accuracy (p=0.201) showed no significant differences; however, the ROC curve area (p=0.003), favored CBCT. The inter- and intraobserver agreements ranged from moderate to substantial (0.45–0.78). The study model effectively simulated challenging root fractures without fragment discontinuation, and CBCT performed significantly better in detecting oblique root fractures
Impact of social capital and clinical factors on the oral health-related quality of life of vulnerable children and their families
Full text linkThis study assessed the impact of individual social capital and clinical variables on the oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) of vulnerable children and their families. This cross-sectional observational study included children of both sexes and their parents or guardians. The OHRQoL was assessed using the Brazilian version of the ECOHIS questionnaire. Individual social capital was evaluated through participation in community, school, and religious activities. The criteria recommended by the WHO were used to analyze dental caries and malocclusion. Adjusted logistic regression models estimated the odds ratios at a 95% CI; the multiple regression model included variables with p < 0.20 in the individual analyses, and those with p ≤ 0.05 remained in the final model. Younger children with caries occurrence and lower social capital are 1.74 (95% CI: 1.13-2.68), 2.89 (95% CI: 1.88-4.45), and 3.69 (95% CI: 2.36-5.78) times more likely to experience a higher impact on OHRQoL (p < 0.05). Families of children with caries occurrence and lower social capital are 2.31 (95% CI: 1.52-3.50) and 3.56 (95% CI: 2.29-5.54) times more likely to experience a higher impact on OHRQoL (p < 0.05). Families of children with caries experience and lower social capital are 2.11 (95% CI: 1.40-3.19) and 3.55 (95% CI: 2.89-5.50) times more likely to show a higher impact on total OHRQoL (p < 0.05). Dental caries experience and lower individual social capital were associated with a higher impairment of the OHRQoL of children and their families in conditions of social vulnerability
Physicochemical interactions and viability of Cordyceps fumosorosea associated with adjuvants
Full text linkAdding adjuvants to crop protection sprays is common practice; however interactions among formulations must be better understood to prevent reducing efficacy, especially for those containing microorganisms for biological control. This study aimed to assess physicochemical interactions, droplet formation, and viability of the fungus Cordyceps fumosorosea mixed with an adjuvant. The experiments followed a completely randomized design with four replications and six treatments. The treatments included the fungus associated with five adjuvants: polyether/silicone copolymer (1 - PSC), alkyl phosphate ester (2 - PAE), soybean oil methyl ester (3 - SME), orange peel oil (4 - OPO), lecithin/propionic acid mixture (5 - LPA), and a control (only fungus) (6). The LPA adjuvant was physically compatible with the fungus, unlike others that showed phase separation. All adjuvants reduced the contact angle and surface tension compared to the control, with treatments PSC and LPA presenting the lowest values, respectively. All adjuvants reduced droplet size compared to the control. Treatment LPA produced the smallest droplet size, the highest risk of drift, and the most droplet uniformity. The highest viscosity values originated from solutions in treatment LPA, followed by PAE. Formulations with the LPA adjuvant plus the bioinsecticide yielded the lowest pH and the highest electrical conductivity values, followed by OPO. Even with the low pH, the LPA treatment did not affect the viability of the entomopathogenic fungus. It is evident that the adjuvants affected the physicochemical characteristics of the solutions, and treatment LPA yielded the best results for physicochemical compatibility, as it did not reduce the viability of the entomopathogenic fungus