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General Hospital Health Professionals' Attitudes and Perceived Dangerousness Towards Patients with co-Morbid Mental and Physical Health Conditions: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Get PDFThe stigmatisation of mental health is present in general hospital settings impacting quality of care. We hypothesised that health professionals in these areas would elicit negative attitudes and a perceived level of dangerousness across a range of mental health disorders. We aimed to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to examine these attitudes and perceptions. We searched the bibliographic databases of CINAHL Complete, MEDLINE Complete, PsycINFO and Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection in May 2017 (no date parameters were set). Quantitative studies investigating generalist health professionals’ attitudes towards mental health conditions were selected. Initially prevalence meta-analyses were conducted to assess the extent of perceived danger, followed by a series of comparative meta-analyses in which the perceived dangerousness of mental health conditions were compared. Of the 653 citations retrieved, eight studies met the inclusion criteria. The overall sample included 2548 health professionals. A majority of health professionals perceived patients with substance use disorder as dangerous 0.60 (95% CI: 0.32 to 0.88) when compared with patients who had an alcohol-related disorder, schizophrenia and depression. The results also indicated that a large proportion of staff perceived patients with a diagnosis of schizophrenia as dangerous 0.42 (95% CI: 0.33 to 0.52). Negative attitudes towards people experiencing mental illness in general hospital settings may be attributed to poor mental health literacy, skills and limited exposure, and social and cultural beliefs about mental illness. Ongoing professional development targeting mental health knowledge is recommended for health professionals working in general hospital settings
UX Labs: Help! I need somebody!: Using personal construct psychology to explore the types of help students would like to receive in a library context
Get PDFFor UXLabs, I presented some research conducted by our brilliant UX Intern, Jamie Sutcliffe, a Psychology PhD student who spent 12 weeks working with the Subject Team at the University of Huddersfield at the start of 2018. During her short time with us, we were able to accomplish so much and further embed UX practices into our library service. For the last few weeks of her internship, Jamie started researching what kinds of library and IT help undergraduate students wanted when they visited the library
A Study of Diagnosing Reciprocating Compressor Faults using EMD-entropy of the Airborne Acoustic Signals
Get PDFFor more effectively and less-costly monitoring of reciprocating compressors, this paper focuses on the developing of a new monitoring method based on airborne sounds which can be easily obtained in and remote way and contains richer information of an entire machine. Possible sound sources of the compressor have been examined according to the working process of mechanical motions and fluid dynamics in order to understand the sound characteristics under different operating conditions. Especially, the sound signal from the compressor is highly non-stationary due to the periodic excitation resulted by the combined effect of gas dynamics and the mechanical forces acting on the compressor associated with the random disturbances of valve motions and flow turbulence and the variations of discharge pressures. In addition, the acoustic signals are also veritably influenced by background noises which often are of unsteady. To characterise such signals for fault detection and diagnosis, Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD), an effective tool for non-stationary signal analysis, is used to find and enhance the inherent information that correlates more to the various acoustic events involved in compressor operations. Experimental studies, carried out based on a two-stage reciprocating compressor, have shown that Intrinsic Mode Functions (IFM) from EMD can depict more of the signals to indicate the conditions of the machine. In particular, using EMD- entropy as a diagnostic parameter allows common faults such as inter-cooler leakage (ICL) and discharge valve leakage (DVL) to be discriminated and separated from the baseline operation over a wider range of discharge pressures, demonstrating that the proposed EMD acoustic signatures can be an effective approach for monitoring reciprocating machines
Religion, Regulation, Consumption: Globalising Kosher and Halal Markets
No full textThis book explores the emergence and expansion of global kosher and halal markets with a particular focus on the UK and Denmark. Kosher is a Hebrew term meaning "fit" or "proper" while halal is an Arabic word that literally means "permissible" or "lawful". This is the first book to explore kosher and halal comparatively at different levels of the social scale such as individual consumption, the marketplace, religious organisations and the state. Kosher and halal markets have become global in scope and states, manufacturers, restaurants, shops, certifiers and consumers around the world are faced with ever stricter and more complex kosher and halal requirements. The research question in this book is: What are the consequences of globalising kosher and halal markets
An Analysis of 3D Printed Textile Structures
No full text3D printing in Fashion is quite a significant innovation which came to realization as part of the zeitgeist of the 2000’s. This is a time where technological progress has moved faster in the last 20 years than it has in the last 100. This exponential growth means that the world in which we live in is changing at a rapid rate and both design and materials will need to alter along with it. Focusing on the areas of technology, design and manufacturing this research aims to look at new textile structures with extensive research undertaken of existing 3D printed textiles and fashion. The main aim is the categorization of all existing 3D printed textile structures in fashion, in order to recognize their properties and benefits
The multi-airline p-hub median problem applied to the African aviation market
Get PDFDespite growth in research on air transport in Africa in recent years, little is known about the adequacy of the infrastructure to sustain potential future air traffic expansion. The continent has experienced growth in domestic, intra- and inter-continental air traffic services over the past two decades that we project will continue over the medium term. Applying a gravity model in which corruption, conflict, common language and land-locked indices contribute to the demand estimation, we forecast annual intra-African growth of 8.1% up to 2030. As witnessed in established markets, deregulation will likely result in hub-spoke network designs in order to accommodate demand efficiently if mobility and access is to be encouraged. In this research, we modify the p-hub median problem in order to identify multiple, economically viable, hub-spoke networks that would adequately serve the intra- and inter-continental demand for air transport. Aside from current hubs, namely Cairo (Egypt), Addis Ababa (Ethiopia) and Johannesburg (South Africa), future hubs could include airports in the North that serve European-African flows, such as Algiers, and Nigeria in the West due to its relatively large population and wealth. By 2030, we also find that demand is sufficient to justify an additional hub in central Sub-Saharan Africa, such as Lusaka (Zambia). However, this would be dependent on the implementation of liberalisation policies as set out in the Yamoussoukro Decision
Effect of Capsule Shape on Hydrodynamic Characteristics and Optimal Design of Hydraulic Capsule Pipelines
Get PDFHydraulic capsule pipelines (HCPs) are the third generation pipelines transporting hollow containers, known as capsules. These capsules are filled with material/cargo to be transported. The shape of these capsules has a significant effect on the hydrodynamic flow characteristics within HCPs. As the variations in the pressure distribution within HCPs are directly linked to and the flow characteristics within pipelines, it is essential to critically evaluate the effect of capsule shape on the pressure drop across the pipeline. Published literature is severely limited in terms of establishing the effects of the shape of the capsules on the flow characteristics within pipelines. Hence, the present study focuses on using a well-validated Computational Fluid Dynamics tool to numerically simulate the flow of capsules of various shapes quantified in form of a novel shape factor in hydraulic capsule pipelines. Both on-shore and off-shore applications of such pipelines have been investigated in the present study, along-with pipe fittings, such as bends. Variations in flow related parameters within these pipelines have been discussed in detail for a wide range of geometrical parameters associated with the capsules and the pipelines. Pressure drop values have been used to develop novel semi-empirical prediction models as a function of the shape factor and other flow and geometric variables of the capsules. These prediction models have been embedded into a pipeline optimisation methodology, which has been developed based on Least-Cost Principle. The resulting novel optimisation methodology can be used for hydraulic capsule pipeline design. Performance charts for practical applications have been developed for easy implementation of the design methodology for the designers of hydraulic capsule pipelines transporting capsule of different shapes
The Paleo-Indian Entry into South America According to Mitogenomes
Get PDFRecent and compelling archaeological evidence attests to human presence 14.5 ka at multiple sites in South America
and a very early exploitation of extreme high-altitude Andean environments. Considering that, according to genetic
evidence, human entry into North America from Beringia most likely occurred 16 ka, these archeological findings
would imply an extremely rapid spread along the double continent. To shed light on this issue from a genetic perspective,
we first completely sequenced 217 novel modern mitogenomes of Native American ancestry from the northwestern area
of South America (Ecuador and Peru); we then evaluated them phylogenetically together with other available mitogenomes
(430 samples, both modern and ancient) from the same geographic area and, finally, with all closely related
mitogenomes from the entire double continent. We detected a large number (N¼ 48) of novel subhaplogroups, often
branching into further subclades, belonging to two classes: those that arose in South America early after its peopling and
those that instead originated in North or Central America and reached South America with the first settlers. Coalescence
age estimates for these subhaplogroups provide time boundaries indicating that early Paleo-Indians probably moved
from North America to the area corresponding to modern Ecuador and Peru over the short time frame of 1.5 ka
comprised between 16.0 and 14.6 ka
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