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How has Botanical Illustration influenced Surface Pattern Design?
Get PDFBotanical illustration has been a key feature throughout history, developing from scientific aid to one of the most universally recognised decorative motifs. Its transition into surface pattern design is most recognisable in the nineteenth century with the emergence of William Morris’s wallpapers, and it has formed an ever-changing influence on modern-day design.
This article discusses the humble beginnings of botanical illustration, starting out in the cave paintings of prehistoric humans. It then tracks the changing uses and meaning through history, reaching the modern day, where it will discuss botanical illustration’s impact on key figures in the fashion industry. The article will also include discussion of the popularity of flowers and research conducted into the emotional impact of depicted florals – touching on the biophilia hypothesis – serving to highlight the continuing importance to humans of florals in any form
Participatory visual methods for understanding children's lives in marginalized neighborhoods
Get PDFCommunity Psychiatric/Mental Health Nursing: Contexts and Challenges - The Case of Nurse Prescribing and Recovery-Focused Interventions
No full textSecurity and Privacy in Online Social Networking: Risk Perceptions and Precautionary Behaviour
Get PDFA quantitative behavioural online study examined a set of hazards that correspond with security- and privacy settings of the major global online social network (Facebook). These settings concern access to a user's account and access to the user's shared information (both security) as well as regulation of the user's information-sharing and user's regulation of others' information-sharing in relation to the user (both privacy). We measured 201 non-student UK users' perceptions of risk and other risk dimensions, and precautionary behaviour. First, perceptions of risk and dread were highest and precautionary behaviour was most common for hazards related to users' regulation of information-sharing. Other hazards were perceived as less risky and less precaution was taken against these, even though they can lead to breaches of users' security or privacy. Second, consistent with existing theory, significant predictors of perceived risk were attitude towards sharing information on Facebook, dread, voluntariness, catastrophic potential and Internet experience; and significant predictors of precautionary behaviour were perceived risk, control, voluntariness and Internet experience. Methodological implications emphasise the need for non-aggregated analysis and practical implications emphasise interventions to promote safe online social-network use
Chinese Travelers' Group Decision-Making
No full textThis study investigates Chinese travelers’ group decision-making. Small groups were recruited to participate in a simulated travel decision-making task where each group selected either an international destination or a domestic destination for the group vacation. This study examines travelers’ group decision-making from the content (i.e., topics) and the process (i.e., verbal and non-verbal interaction process) perspectives. Analysis of the content of group discussions reveals twelve key topics. Participants’ verbal behaviors are analyzed following Bales’ Interaction Process Analysis, and non-verbal behaviors are examined based on seven non-verbal displays. This study provides insights into understanding group travel decision-making among Chinese travelers
Crime Prevention through Environmental Design (CPTED) and retail crime: Exploring offender perspectives on risk and protective factors in the design and layout of retail environments.
No full textThere is little doubt that the design of the built environment influences offender decision-making. Crime Prevention through Environmental Design (CPTED) is a crime reduction approach that aims to prevent crime though the design (pre-build) or manipulation (post-build) of the built environment. CPTED is based upon a set of principles that include movement control, surveillance, defensible space and physical security, and research (see Armitage, 2013 for overview) has demonstrated the effectiveness of CPTED in reducing crimes such as burglary within the residential environment. This research explores the extent to which CPTED (and other design related) measures can be used to reduce shoplifting within a retail environment – namely two major supermarket chains in England. The results reveal that the principles of CPTED are relevant within the retail environment and that offenders are deterred by these features, in particular, where these principles result in an immediate (as opposed to delayed) detection or apprehension. Whilst the research is conducted in supermarkets within England, the conclusions are internationally relevant and can be transferred to many different retail environments
Sinking Bubbles in Stout Beers
No full textA surprising phenomenon witnessed by many is the sinking bubbles seen in a settling pint of stout beer. Bubbles are less dense than the surrounding fluid so how does this happen? Previous work has shown that the explanation lies in a circulation of fluid promoted by the tilted sides of the glass. However, this work has relied heavily on computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations. Here we show that the phenomenon of sinking bubbles can be predicted using a simple analytic model. To make the model analytically tractable we work in the limit of small bubbles and consider a simplified geometry. The model confirms both the existence of sinking bubbles and the previously proposed mechanism
Transforming Learning Identities in Literacy Programmes
No full textThis article draws on the theories of Mezirow, Foucault, and Holland and colleagues to investigate how students were positioned in relation to their own experiences, what opportunities they had to overcome their negative positioning in relation to the power structures that inform the worlds in which they move, and how their changed practices impacted on their positional and figured worlds. Data from community- and prison-based participants in Scottish adult literacy projects are used to interrogate the factors that contributed to overcoming the negative discourses that students had been embedded in. This article concludes that by the end of their programs, the students had experienced transformative changes in their learning identities, and these changes encompassed cognitive, emotional, and social dimensions
The use of a quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) model to predict GABA-A receptor binding of newly emerging benzodiazepines
Get PDFThe illicit market for new psychoactive substances is forever expanding. Benzodiazepines and their derivatives are one of a number of groups of these substances and thus far their number has grown year upon year. For both forensic and clinical purposes it is important to be able to rapidly understand these emerging substances. However as a consequence of the illicit nature of these compounds, there is a deficiency in the pharmacological data available for these ‘new’ benzodiazepines. In order to further understand the pharmacology of ‘new’ benzodiazepines we utilised a quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) approach. A set of 69 benzodiazepine-based compounds was analysed to develop a QSAR training set with respect to published binding values to GABAA receptors. The QSAR model returned an R2 value of 0.90. The most influential factors were found to be the positioning of two H-bond acceptors, two aromatic rings and a hydrophobic group. A test set of nine random compounds was then selected for internal validation to determine the predictive ability of the model and gave an R2 value of 0.86 when comparing the binding values with their experimental data. The QSAR model was then used to predict the binding for 22 benzodiazepines that are classed as new psychoactive substances. This model will allow rapid prediction of the binding activity of emerging benzodiazepines in a rapid and economic way, compared with lengthy and expensive in vitro/in vivo analysis. This will enable forensic chemists and toxicologists to better understand both recently developed compounds and prediction of substances likely to emerge in the future
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