International Christian University Repository / 国際基督教大学リポジトリ
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State Responsibility for Internal Displacements Caused by Climate Change
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New statistical education software in elementary and secondary education guided by the data-driven society
Get PDFデータ駆動型社会は私たちの気づかないうちに日常に浸透し，様々なところで影響を与えている。GIGAスクール構想によって学校教育で1人1台の情報端末が使えるハードウェア的環境は整えられた一方で，データ分析の方法やそれを支援するソフトウェア的環境は時代の変化に追随できているとは言い難い。本研究はデータ駆動型社会が世の中に及ぼした影響や統計ツールの進化が統計教育的にどのような意義があるかを抽出し，新しい統計教育ソフトウェアの開発に役立てることを検討した。また，新しい教育用統計ソフトウェアに求められる機能の実現にあたっての課題を抽出し，それを解決する方策を検討した。The data-driven society has penetrated our daily lives without our noticing, and it is affecting us in various areas. While the GIGA School Initiative has created a hardware environment in which each student can use an information terminal in school education, the methods of data analysis and the software environment that supports them have not kept up with the changing times. This study extracted the impact of the data-driven society on the world and the significance of the evolution of statistical tools in terms of statistical education and examined what could be useful for the development of new statistical education software. It also extracted issues in realizing the functions required for new statistical software for education and examined ways to solve themdepartmental bulletin pape
The effects of in-group and out-group attitude on cross cultural adaptation among mainland Chinese students studying and living in Japan
Get PDF本研究の目的は，在日中国人留学生の心理的適応と社会文化的適応を含む異文化適応に，内集団態度と外集団態度がどのように影響するかを検討することにある。本研究は，211名の在日中国人留学生をサンプルとして実施された。その内訳は，学部生が193名，大学院生が18名であった。平均年齢は22.03歳（SD= 2.05，範囲：20-29），女性39.8％，男性60.2％であった。本研究では，参加者の心理的・社会文化的適応，内集団態度と外集団態度を測定するために，質問紙を用いた。二元配置分散分析の結果は以下のことが示された。（a）内集団態度は抑うつ症状を負に予測した；（b）内集団態度と外集団態度ともに社会文化的適応ストレスを負に予測した；（c）内集団態度レベルが低下すると，外集団態度は社会文化的適応ストレスをより強く負に予測した；（d）平均点を用いて内集団，外集団態度ともに高群と低群に分けて検討した。内集団態度が高く，外集団態度が低い参加者は，抑うつが少なく，他の参加者より心理的適応が良好であることを意味し，内集団態度が低く，外集団の態度が高い参加者は，社会文化的適応ストレスが少なく，他の参加者よりも社会文化的適応が良好であることを意味した。The objective of the study is to examine how the in-group and out-group attitudes affect psychological and socio-cultural adaptation among Chinese students studying and living in Japan. This research was conducted with a sample of 211 Chinese students studying and living in Japan. The total mean age was 22.03 (SD= 2.05, Range: 20-29), with 39.8% of participants being female and 60.2% male. A survey questionnaire was used in the current research to measure depressive symptoms to represent psychological adaptation and socio-cultural adaptation stress to represent socio cultural adaptation, in-group, and out group attitudes of the participants. The results indicated that: (a) in-group attitudes negatively predict psychological depressive symptoms; (b) both in-group and out-group attitudes negatively predict socio cultural adaptation stress; (c) as the level of in-group attitude decreases, the out-group attitude negatively predicts socio-cultural adaptation stress more strongly; (d) both in-group and out-group attitudes were divided into high and low groups using the mean scores. Participants with high in-group attitudes and low out-group attitudes showed less depression symptoms than others, while participants with low in-group attitudes and high out-group attitudes showed less socio-cultural adaptation stress adaptation than others.departmental bulletin pape
Significance of group therapy on affect regulation in children and adolescents : possibility of the mentalizing approach
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Assumptions by “political thought” that matters in the anthropocene : through examining Dipesh Chakrabartyʼs “the climate of history in the planetary age”
Get PDFThis article emphasizes that humankind cannot find solutions to todayʼs crisis by focusing only on the problem of capitalism, including the future of existence in the first place. In this sense, this article, taking a cue from Dipesh Chakrabartyʼs argument that understands the crisis emerging as a “negative universal history” from the totality of human activity, will discuss where his creativeness is in a series of discussions. In sections 1 and 2, the article will confirm why the capitalism argument alone is not enough to deal with the current complex crises. It will then discuss in Sections 3 and 4 why, paradoxically, even though the situation cannot be autonomously determined in the Anthropocene, humans coping with crises are limited to arrangements among humans alone, which is a problem of the core assumptions of political thought. Section 5 will conclude by showing the missing pieces of Chakrabartyʼs argument and adding the complements in a way that allows for connection to a future discussion that follows.departmental bulletin pape
Controlling the transfer of biotechnology in the age of strategic competition
Get PDFThis paper examines how countries are attempting to ensure strategic priority with regard to biotechnology, a key element in the era of strategic competition, and the impact of these efforts on the nonproliferation of biological weapons. In recent years, rapidly developing technologies in the life sciences have been classified as emerging technologies. While they contribute to the development of the medical and biotechnology industries, they also possess a dual-use nature which can have destructive effects on economic and social activities, as well as the environment if the same technologies are intentionally misused. In addition to the risk of misusing the technology itself, such technologies are also linked to the concern that public disclosure of the technology and research results could educate and empower malicious actors. Furthermore, the convergence of such research in the life sciences with other emerging technologies, particularly artificial intelligence (AI) and additive manufacturing (AM), poses serious challenges to biological weapons control and biosecurity. These innovations are primarily driven by the private sector, making it difficult for governments to manage them. Most of these emerging technologies are transferred in intangible forms such as knowledge or digital information. This makes the management of funds for R&D or controlling intangible technology transfer an important issue.The management of such biotechnology, coupled with the management of technology in the strategic competition triggered by China’s rapid economic and military rise, has become a major policy agenda of economic statecraft for many states in the Global North. The international economic environment since the end of the Cold War has been one in which free trade is the basic rule, and the focus of export control has been on preventing the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction and their means of delivery through the establishment of multilateral export control regimes. In contrast, in strategic competition, governments increasingly use import and export controls to address supply chain vulnerabilities dealing with foreign components and applications on national security grounds. This paper provides an overview of how the US, China, the EU, and Japan have enacted or amended laws related to emerging technologies to address strategic competition. It elucidates how these states are seeking to manage intangible technology transfers in addition to their existing export controls that focus on goods, through the control of foreign direct investment and strengthening the control of person-to-person transfers nationally, known as deemed exports.The paper also argues that the current governance frameworks in the areas of biosecurity and biological weapons regulation do not provide effective control mechanisms for the integration of biotechnology with other emerging technologies, particularly AI and AM. For such mechanisms, it should be required to integrate the consideration of the role of research ethics and risk mitigation procedures in related research fields, as challenges are in the intangible technology transfer. This would include greater emphasis on raising awareness of potential weapons applications in universities, research institutions, and the DIY community, as well as strengthening industry compliance and due diligence standards. In conclusion, the paper suggests that there is a need to discuss the possibility of developing one or more global governance frameworks to address economic statecraft in strategic competition, while also taking into account the effective non-proliferation aspects. In this context, the current trends of economic statecraft that are focused on industrial policies, trade measures, and new FDI regulations in strategic competition, raise the question of how countries can work together on a multilateral basis to address the external consequences of such policies.departmental bulletin pape
Linguistic dominance in Vietnamese language education : the case of Mông as L2 in primary schools
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