Universitas Semarang Jurusan: SIJALU - Sistem Informasi Jurnal Ilmiah USM
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Smart Packaging Based on Pectin and Anthocyanin from Purple Sweet Potato Extract (Ipomoea batatas L) with the Addition of Lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus) Essential Oil
Get PDFPurple sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L) is one of the tubers that contain anthocyanin compounds because it has natural dyes. Anthocyanins derived from purple sweet potatoes have properties sensitive to changes in pH, so purple sweet potatoes are the right choice to be used as an alternative to natural dyes. Changes in pH that occur in food spoilage are the reason for making and developing smart packaging films based on pectin and anthocyanins derived from purple sweet potato extract by adding lemongrass essential oil. This research aims to determine the effect of purple sweet potato extract anthocyanin levels and kitchen lemongrass essential oil levels on the physical and pH-sensitive properties of the resulting film and determine the performance of the film produced from pectin with the addition of purple sweet potato extract anthocyanins and kitchen lemongrass essential oil as packaging. smart to monitor the freshness of chicken fillet meat. There are three methods used in this research, namely purple sweet potato extraction, film making from pectin-anthocyanin-essential, and film application from pectin-anthocyanin-essential. The research phase was purple sweet potato extract with a concentration of 0%, 10%, 20%, and essential oil 0 mL, 0.5 mL. It added 1 mL of these to the pectin film solution. We are observing color changes, mechanical properties, pH-sensitive properties of films, and film biodegradability. Then, perform measurements of light transmittance and opacity, film thickness, water content, and water vapor permeability. After that, apply a film to detect the freshness level of chicken fillet meat. This research concludes that the anthocyanin content of purple sweet potato extract and essential oil of lemongrass has a significant effect on the physical properties of the pectin-anthocyanin-essential fil
Karakteristik Sensori dan Penerimaan Panelis terhadap Keripik Berbahan Dasar Kulit Singkong
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Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh belum termanfaatkannya limbah kulit singkong di Sumatera Barat meskipun produksi singkong mencapai 143.330,00 ton pada tahun 2022. Kulit singkong yang mencapai 15-20% dari total berat umbi sering dianggap sebagai limbah yang dapat mencemari lingkungan, padahal memiliki kandungan gizi yang cukup baik meliputi protein 8,11 gram, serat kasar 15,20 gram, dan kalsium 0,63 gram per 100 gram bahan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kualitas keripik dari kulit singkong meliputi aspek bentuk, warna, aroma, tekstur, dan rasa melalui uji sensori. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan pendekatan eksperimental. Pengujian dilakukan di workshop tata boga Departemen Ilmu Kesejahteraan Keluarga, Fakultas Pariwisata dan Perhotelan, Universitas Negeri Padang. Objek penelitian adalah keripik yang terbuat dari kulit singkong jenis lambau (ubi manis). Proses pengolahan meliputi perendaman kulit singkong selama 3 hari dengan penggantian air setiap 24 jam, perebusan selama 30 menit, penjemuran 2-3 hari, dan penggorengan. Uji organoleptik dilakukan oleh 6 orang panelis terlatih dari kalangan dosen Tata Boga UNP dengan pengujian sebanyak tiga kali, menggunakan instrumen penilaian kualitas bentuk, warna, aroma, tekstur, dan rasa dengan skala 1-5. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kualitas sensori keripik kulit singkong pada pengujian ketiga memperoleh nilai tertinggi dengan parameter warna 4,83 kategori "coklat", tekstur 4,67 kategori "renyah", aroma 4,33 kategori "cukup beraroma khas kulit singkong", rasa 4,50 kategori "cukup gurih", dan bentuk 4,33 kategori "cukup rapi dan seragam". Keberhasilan mengolah limbah kulit singkong menjadi produk keripik dengan kualitas sensori yang baik menunjukkan potensi besar untuk pengembangan produk pangan bernilai ekonomis sekaligus berkontribusi pada pengurangan pencemaran lingkungan. Hasil penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa limbah kulit singkong dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai alternatif makanan ringan yang memiliki nilai ekonomis dan ramah lingkungan.
Abstract
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This research is motivated by the unused cassava peel waste in West Sumatra even though cassava production reached 143,330.00 tons in 2022. Cassava skin, which reaches 15-20% of the total weight of the tubers, is often considered waste that can pollute the environment, even though it has a fairly good nutritional content including 8.11 grams of protein, 15.20 grams of crude fiber, and 0.63 grams of calcium per 100 grams of ingredients. This study aims to analyze the quality of chips from cassava peels including aspects of shape, color, aroma, texture, and taste through sensory tests. This study uses a quantitative method with an experimental approach. The test was carried out at the culinary workshop of the Department of Family Welfare Sciences, Faculty of Tourism and Hospitality, Padang State University. The object of the research is chips made from cassava skins of the lambau type (sweet potato). The processing process includes soaking the cassava peel for 3 days with water change every 24 hours, boiling for 30 minutes, drying for 2-3 days, and frying. The organoleptic test was carried out by 6 trained panelists from UNP Culinary Lecturers with three tests, using an instrument to assess the quality of shape, color, aroma, texture, and taste on a scale of 1-5. The results showed that the sensory quality of cassava peel chips in the third test obtained the highest score with color parameters of 4.83 in the "brown" category, 4.67 in the "crispy" category, 4.33 in the aroma category "quite aromatic typical of cassava skin", 4.50 in the "quite savory" category, and 4.33 in the "quite neat and uniform" category. The success of processing cassava peel waste into chips products with good sensory quality shows great potential for the development of food products with economic value while contributing to the reduction of environmental pollution. The results of this study prove that cassava peel waste can be used as an alternative to snacks that have economic and environmentally friendly value.
Evaluasi Struktur Bangunan Atas Jembatan Sambaliung Provinsi Kalimantan Timur
Get PDFJembatan sambaliung direncanakan pada tahun 1984 dan mulai digunakan sebagai infrastruktur pada tahun 1986, maka dengan memperhatikan umur jembatan (37 tahun s/d tahun 2023), kondisi lalu lintas saat ini (2.000 smp/jam, hasil survey lalu lintas DPUPR & Pera Provinsi Kalimantan Timur tahun 2022), dan peraturan-peraturan yang berlaku saat ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa jembatan sudah mengalami kelebihan kapasitas layak. Hal ini dapat terlihat dari hasil pengamatan visual di lapangan dimana terdapat perubahan pada elemen jembatan.
Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kondisi eksisting struktur rangka Jembatan Sambaliung, melakukan analisis (pemodelan) terhadap struktur rangka jembatan sesuai peraturan pembebanan yang berlaku saat ini, kemudian menentukan metode perkuatan jembatan dengan mempertimbangkan kondisi struktur setelah dianalisis.
Hasil dari penelitian diketahui bahwa dengan memasukkan beban berdasarkan peraturan lama tahun 1980, rasio tegangan jembatan ialah 0,98 dengan lendutan sebesar 43,80 mm dan beban 10 ton. Berdasarkan peraturan baru tahun 2016, rasio tegangan didapat adalah 1,50 dengan nilai lendutan maksimum 63,77mm dan beban maksimum 50 ton. Setelah diberi perkuatan dengan metode memperbesar penampang, rasio tegangan menjadi 0,94 dan lendutan menjadi 44,82 mm dengan beban 50 ton
Tinjauan Yuridis Tindak Pidana Ganda tentang Perempuan sebagai Korban Asusila dan Perampokan di Desa Tanjung Terang Analisis Putusan No 136/PID.B/2018/PN.MRE
Get PDFThis research was conducted in Tanjung Terang Village, Gunung Megang District, Muara Enim Regency, South Sumatra. This research aims to analyze and explain how the law is applied to cases involving robbery and rape of women at the same time as the law for children as victims of sexual violence. (Analysis of Decision No. 136/Pid.B/2018/PN Mre) and so that it can later be implemented and useful for the interests of Law Enforcement Officials (APH) and the Community. The method used in this research is qualitative data which is descriptive, opinions and concepts as well as other explanations which are normative in nature. The type and source of data used by the author is a secondary data source which includes primary law and secondary law and the data analysis technique used in this research is the Qualitative Descriptive technique. Based on the research results, the factor that was taken into consideration by the judge in making a decision in this case was that the combined criminal act of two criminal cases, namely two criminal acts committed at the same time, were still carried out with their respective sentences, this combination is called concursus realis. That the second factor in the crime that occurred was basically the intention of the perpetrator himself accompanied by other factors, and apart from that the main factor was local security.
Keywords: Multiple Crimes, Women, Immorality, Robber
Paradigma Surat Tanda Bukti Akta Keterangan Waris Sebagai Asas Kepastian Hukum
Get PDFThis study aims to examine the effect of Permen ATR / BPN Number 16 of 2021 concerning the third amendment to Land Registration in Article 111 paragraph (1) letter C concerning the making of a certificate of evidence of the Deed of Inheritance and Article 111 paragraph (5) the transfer of rights falls to 1 (one) person who receives the inheritance based on the Deed of Inheritance, which deed raises inconsistencies in legal norms related to Article 111 paragraph (1). This research focuses on normative juridical law as formulated by legislation. The inheritance certificate is made before a notary for all groups and the inheritance deed is made the same as the Deed of Distribution of Inheritance Rights which has a different form and content, The fact in the field is that there are many Notaries who cannot distinguish the making of the deed which results in a discrepancy between the evidence letter of the Deed of Inheritance and the Deed of Distribution of Inheritance, the deed is recorded at the Land Agency Office in various regions such as Bandung City, Bandung Regency and West Bandung, resulting in legal uncertainty and resulting in confusion or obscuration of rules and having an impact on heirs and sole recipients or recipients of inheritance rights that can be cancelled. As there is an abolition of groups but cannot be abolished, the pluralism inheritance law, so it is necessary to have regulations governing the Deed of Inheritance Certificate and Deed of Division of Inheritance Rights due to different functions. As with legislation, there is a legal principle that regulations that have a lower level in the hierarchy of regulations do not differ from each other.
Penelitian ini yang bertujuan mengkaji mengenai pengaruh Permen ATR/BPN Nomor 16 Tahun 2021 tentang perubahan ketiga Pendaftaran Tanah pada Pasal 111 ayat (1) huruf C tentang pembuatan surat tanda bukti akta keterangan waris dan Pasal 111 ayat (5) peralihan haknya jatuh kepada 1 (satu) orang penerima warisan berdasarkan Akta Waris, akta mana menimbulkan inkonsistensi norma hukum terkait pasal 111 ayat (1). Penelitian ini fokus pada hukum yuridis normatif sebagaimana dirumuskan oleh perundang-undang (law in books). Keterangan waris dibuat dihadapan Notaris untuk semua golongan dan akta waris dibuat sama seharusnya akta pembagian hak waris yang substansi bentuk dan isi yang berbeda, dan tidak membedakan golongan yang diatur dalam KUHPerdata, fakta dilapangan banyak sekali Notaris tidak dapat membedakan pembuatan akta tersebut dan membuat untuk semua warga Negara Indonesia asli yang mengakibatkan ketidaksesuaian antara surat tanda bukti akta keterangan waris dan akta pembagian waris, yang mana akta tersebut telah di catat pada Kantor Badan Pertanahan diberbagai wilayah seperti Kota Bandung, Kabupaten Bandung dan Bandung Barat, sehingga terdapat ketidakpastian hukum dan mengakibatkan konprontasi atau pengaburan aturan serta berdampak terhadap ahli waris dan penerima tunggal atau penerima hak waris yang dapat dibatalkan. Sebagaimana adanya penghapusan golongan namun tidak dapat dihapuskan hukum waris yang pluralisme sehingga perlu adanya peraturan yang mengatur atas akta keterangan waris dan akta pembagian hak waris dikarenakan fungsi yang berbeda. Sebagaimana perundang-undangan adanya asas hukum peraturan yang memiliki tingkat rendah secara hirarki peraturan tidak berbenturan lebih tinggi
Reinterpretasi Imunitas DPR dalam Sistem Ketatanegaraan Indonesia: Harmonisasi Prinsip Equality Before the Law
Get PDFThis study aims to analyze the implementation of the House of Representatives\u27 right to immunity in the Indonesian constitutional system and its conformity with the principle of equality before the law. The right to immunity is granted to protect the freedom of members of the House of Representatives in carrying out their legislative duties without irrelevant legal intervention. However, its application often causes controversy, especially when it is misused to avoid legal responsibility. The background of this study stems from the tension between the right of immunity and the principle of equality before the law, which gives rise to negative public perceptions of the integrity of the DPR. This study uses a normative juridical approach with a descriptive-analytical method of analysis of primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials. The results showed that although the right of immunity is necessary to maintain legislative independence, there is potential for abuse that undermines the principle of justice and erodes public trust in the DPR. Therefore, strict supervision by the Council of Honorary Court (MKD) and regulatory revisions are needed to ensure that this right is not abused to avoid legal liability. This study makes a significant contribution to existing literature by revealing the tension between the immunity rights of members of the House of Representatives and the principle of equality before the law, as well as highlighting the impact of the abuse of immunity rights on public trust in the legislature. In contrast to previous research, which generally focused on the right to immunity in general, this research emphasizes the potential abuse of this right and its impact on the image of the legislature. The implications of this research emphasize the need for a balance between the protection of the rights of members of the House of Representatives and legal certainty for all citizens, in order to support a more just and transparent democratic system.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis implementasi hak imunitas DPR dalam sistem ketatanegaraan Indonesia dan kesesuaiannya dengan prinsip equality before the law. Hak imunitas diberikan untuk melindungi kebebasan anggota DPR dalam menjalankan tugas legislatif tanpa intervensi hukum yang tidak relevan. Namun, penerapannya sering menimbulkan kontroversi, terutama ketika disalahgunakan untuk menghindari tanggung jawab hukum. Latar belakang penelitian ini berangkat dari ketegangan antara hak imunitas dan prinsip kesetaraan di hadapan hukum, yang memunculkan persepsi negatif masyarakat terhadap integritas DPR. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan yuridis normatif dengan metode analisis deskriptif-analitis terhadap bahan hukum primer, sekunder, dan tersier. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa meskipun hak imunitas diperlukan untuk menjaga independensi legislatif, terdapat potensi penyalahgunaan yang merugikan prinsip keadilan dan menurunkan kepercayaan publik terhadap DPR. Diperlukan pengawasan ketat oleh Mahkamah Kehormatan Dewan (MKD) serta revisi regulasi untuk memastikan hak ini tidak disalahgunakan untuk menghindari pertanggungjawaban hukum. Penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi signifikan terhadap literatur yang ada dengan mengungkapkan ketegangan antara hak imunitas anggota DPR dan prinsip kesetaraan di hadapan hukum, serta menyoroti dampak penyalahgunaan hak imunitas terhadap kepercayaan publik terhadap lembaga legislatif. Berbeda dengan penelitian sebelumnya yang umumnya fokus pada hak imunitas secara umum, penelitian ini lebih menekankan pada potensi penyalahgunaan hak imunitas tersebut dan dampaknya terhadap citra legislatif. Implikasi penelitian ini menegaskan perlunya keseimbangan antara perlindungan hak anggota DPR dan kepastian hukum bagi seluruh warga negara, guna mendukung sistem demokrasi yang lebih adil dan transparan.
Penerapan Sanksi Kebiri Kimia Bagi Pelaku Tindak Pidana Kekerasan Seksual Anak Dalam Perspektif Hak Asasi Manusia
Get PDFThis study aims to analyze the application of chemical castration against perpetrators of child sexual abuse from a human rights (HR) perspective and examine the legal considerations in the District Court Decision of Banjarmasin Number 858/Pid.Sus/2022/PN.Bjm. Child sexual abuse is a serious crime that causes long-term physical and psychological harm. The Indonesian government responded by enacting chemical castration sanctions under Law Number 17 of 2016 and Government Regulation Number 70 of 2020. The research method used is normative juridical with statutory and conceptual approaches, and qualitative analysis of primary and secondary legal materials. The results show that the implementation of chemical castration has the potential to conflict with the principle of non-degrading treatment under international human rights instruments ratified by Indonesia. The novelty of this study lies in its evaluative approach, combining national legal norms, international HR standards, and actual judicial practice. It concludes that chemical castration may be maintained if it meets medical consent, strict supervision, and protects the rights of offenders. The study recommends a policy reform focusing on offender rehabilitation, public education, and independent oversight to ensure comprehensive rights protection.
Kekerasan seksual terhadap anak merupakan kejahatan serius yang menimbulkan dampak fisik dan psikologis jangka panjang. Pemerintah Indonesia merespons kejahatan ini dengan memberlakukan sanksi kebiri kimia melalui Undang-Undang Nomor 17 Tahun 2016 dan Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 70 Tahun 2020. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis penerapan sanksi kebiri kimia terhadap pelaku kekerasan seksual anak dalam perspektif hak asasi manusia (HAM), serta mengkaji pertimbangan hukum dalam Putusan Pengadilan Negeri Banjarmasin Nomor 858/Pid.Sus/2022/PN.Bjm. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan konseptual, serta analisis kualitatif terhadap bahan hukum primer dan sekunder. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan kebiri kimia berpotensi bertentangan dengan prinsip non-degrading treatment dalam konvensi internasional yang telah diratifikasi Indonesia. Novelty dari penelitian ini terletak pada pendekatan evaluatif yang menggabungkan analisis norma hukum nasional, HAM internasional, serta praktik yudisial konkret. Disimpulkan bahwa kebiri kimia dapat dipertahankan dengan syarat adanya persetujuan medis, pengawasan ketat, dan perlindungan terhadap hak pelaku. Rekomendasi yang diajukan meliputi reformulasi kebijakan dengan menekankan rehabilitasi pelaku, edukasi publik, serta pengawasan independen untuk menjamin perlindungan hak semua pihak yang terlibat
Evaluasi Efektivitas Penerapan Uji Emisi Kendaraan dan Pengaruhnya Terhadap Pola Perilaku Masyarakat dalam Perspektif Teori Utilitarianisme
Get PDFThe increase in air pollution in Jakarta caused by motor vehicle emissions poses a serious threat to health and the environment, prompting the need to evaluate the emission test policy as a control measure. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the motor vehicle emission test policy in improving public compliance, using the perspective of utilitarianism theory. The urgency of the research lies in the low level of public awareness and participation in emission testing, even though regulations have been implemented. The results show that the emission test policy has not been fully effective, characterized by low public participation. The main inhibiting factors include a lack of socialization, limited emission test infrastructure, and weak law enforcement. Although sanction-based policies such as electronic ticketing (E-Tilang) and progressive parking tariffs have shown temporary positive impacts, their sustainability requires persuasive and incentive approaches. The novelty in this research lies in the evaluative approach based on utilitarianism theory that emphasizes the balance between collective benefits and individual compliance in the context of environmental policy. This research suggests strengthening technology, stricter law enforcement, and integration of utilitarian values in this policy. With a more comprehensive approach, it is expected that the emission testing policy can improve air quality, reduce health risks, and provide welfare for the people of Jakarta.
Peningkatan polusi udara di Jakarta yang disebabkan oleh emisi kendaraan bermotor menjadi ancaman serius bagi kesehatan dan lingkungan, sehingga mendorong perlunya evaluasi kebijakan uji emisi sebagai upaya pengendalian. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi efektivitas kebijakan uji emisi kendaraan bermotor dalam meningkatkan kepatuhan masyarakat, dengan menggunakan perspektif teori utilitarianisme. Urgensi penelitian terletak pada rendahnya kesadaran dan partisipasi publik terhadap uji emisi, meskipun regulasi telah diterapkan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kebijakan uji emisi belum sepenuhnya efektif, ditandai dengan rendahnya partisipasi masyarakat. Faktor penghambat utama meliputi kurangnya sosialisasi, terbatasnya infrastruktur uji emisi, dan lemahnya penegakan hukum. Meskipun kebijakan berbasis sanksi seperti tilang elektronik (E-Tilang) dan tarif parkir progresif telah menunjukkan dampak positif sementara, keberlanjutannya memerlukan pendekatan persuasif dan insentif. Kebaruan dalam penelitian ini terletak pada pendekatan evaluatif berbasis teori utilitarianisme yang menekankan keseimbangan antara manfaat kolektif dan kepatuhan individu dalam konteks kebijakan lingkungan. Penelitian ini menyarankan penguatan teknologi, penegakan hukum yang lebih tegas, serta integrasi nilai-nilai utilitarianisme dalam kebijakan ini. Dengan pendekatan yang lebih komprehensif, diharapkan kebijakan uji emisi dapat meningkatkan kualitas udara, mengurangi risiko kesehatan, dan memberikan kesejahteraan bagi masyarakat Jakarta
The Role of Students in Community Service Programs in Supporting the Blood Donor Program in Rural Areas
Get PDFThe Community Service Program (KKN) provides students with the opportunity to directly contribute to society, especially in rural areas. This research aims to analyze the role of KKN-MB Posko 43 students in supporting the blood donation program in Penggaron Kidul Village, Semarang City. The research method used is descriptive qualitative with a case study approach. Data was collected through interviews, observations, and documentation during the implementation of the KKN program. The research findings show that KKN students played a significant role in raising public awareness about the importance of blood donation through intensive socialization and education. In addition, students also contributed by facilitating blood donation activities through coordination with the Indonesian Red Cross (PMI) and the local village government. The impact of this activity was reflected in the increase in the number of blood donors in the village, as well as the establishment of a sustainable blood donor community. The study concludes that the involvement of KKN students can have a positive impact on the sustainability of blood donation programs in rural areas, and this model is expected to be applied in other regions
Menumbuhkan Jiwa Wirausaha Di Kalangan Generasi Muda Binaan SOS Children’s Village Banda Aceh
Get PDFKegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk membangun jiwa kewirausahaan pada 30 remaja binaan SOS Children\u27s Village Banda Aceh melalui program pelatihan intensif satu hari. Pelaksanaan kegiatan menggunakan pendekatan partisipatif yang menggabungkan metode ceramah interaktif dan workshop keterampilan praktis, dengan materi utama berupa motivasi kewirausahaan dan pengenalan peluang usaha. Hasil evaluasi menunjukkan keberhasilan program dalam meningkatkan motivasi peserta, dimana 90% remaja menyatakan antusiasme tinggi untuk memulai usaha mandiri setelah mengikuti pelatihan. Namun demikian, teridentifikasi beberapa kendala utama seperti kurangnya pemahaman dasar tentang mekanisme berusaha, keraguan akan kemampuan diri, serta kebingungan dalam menentukan langkah awal memulai bisnis. Faktor pendukung utama adalah semangat dan keterlibatan aktif peserta selama proses pelatihan. Program ini berhasil memperkenalkan berbagai peluang usaha potensial seperti usaha kuliner rumahan, jasa fotografi kreatif, serta kerajinan tangan berbahan lokal. Temuan ini mengindikasikan bahwa meskipun motivasi telah berhasil dibangun, diperlukan pendampingan lebih lanjut untuk mengkonversi semangat tersebut menjadi aksi nyata. Untuk kegiatan serupa di masa depan, disarankan untuk mengembangkan program lanjutan berupa pendampingan intensif, akses permodalan, serta pembentukan jejaring usaha guna memastikan keberlanjutan usaha yang dirintis peserta. Hasil program ini memberikan kontribusi penting dalam pengembangan model pembinaan kewirausahaan bagi remaja marginal