Revistas UDES (Universidad de Santander)
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Efecto del injerto poli-quitosano (N-L-lactide) sintetizado sobre el material genético humano
Get PDFIntroduction: Chitosan is one of the natural polymers can generally consider as a biocompatible and biodegradable polycationicpolymer, which has minimum immunogenicity and low cytotoxicity. Therefore, chitosan and its derivatives may represent potentially safe cationic carriers for use in gene delivery. Materials andMethods: Chitosan with 90.1 DD% obtained by deacetylation ofchitin extracted from local shrimp shells. Graft copolymerizationof L-lactide onto chitosan was carried out at room temperature byring opening polymerization under a nitrogen atmosphere to prepare chitosan-g-poly (N-lactide) graft copolymer. It was obtainedin good yield and characterized by FTIR. The samples purity andconcentration were detected using both Nanodrop UV-spectroscopy and agarose gel electrophoresis techniques. The humanheat shock proteins gene, hsp-70, was used as a model of humangenes to study the effect of chitosan-g-poly (N-lactide) graft copolymer. Results and Discussion: The results revealed that chitosan-g-poly (N-lactide) graft copolymers had safety effect on theDNA, and binding with it. the human heat shock proteins gene,hsp-70, was used as a model of human genes to study the effectof chitosan-g-poly (N-lactide) graft copolymer, it shows a goodbinding ability the human gene, implies that it might be used inbiomedical applications in the future. Conclusions: Grafting ofL-lactide onto chitosn by ring opening polymerization was confirmed by FTIR. The repared polymer hase safety effectson human DNA and genes. The chitosan-g-poly (N-lactide) graftcopolymer has shown highly efficiency to electrostatic interactionwith human DNA and gene, implying that it is suitable to be usedas DNA and gene delivery
Controlador difuso basado en la tabla de búsqueda para controlar el proceso de la sala de vapor
Get PDFIntroduction: In this paper, using look-up table control strategy,a fuzzy logic controller is designed for controlling the temperatureof steaming room in terrazzo tile plant corresponding to dedicatedprocess diagrams. Methods: In the proposed method, the temperature and error of temperature are considered as inputs to controlthe duration of valve open time to decrease the activation times ofvalves in order to increase their longevity. The strategy considersan off-line trained look-up table for setting the time of openingvalve in the specific temperature. A fuzzy controller with fifteen extracted rules is designed for controlling the duration of valve opentime. Results: Results show that the number of switching of valvereduces compare to intuitionistic or expert rule extraction. Conclusions: Simulations provide more compatible steaming process routcompare to PID controllers
Ejes estratégicos y perfil del estudiante de matemática financiera de la Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander.
Get PDFThe research article, aims to present the profile of the student who is admitted to programmes to remote and virtual offeringstudies Faculty at distances - Faedis, of the Nueva Granada military University - UMNG; for this study, a survey was carried out based on oneshows probabilistic active students of the first semesters, in turn, allowed to collect information about the longevity of the student, the needs,the way to select the University and observed expectations upon arrival in the UMNG. Where you can see that the age of income of the surveyedstudents is in the range of 26 to 45 years mainly, with a percentage of the (69.2%), which shows that a population is young - adult, and to affordthe tuition, despite working, they must attend the external entities such as bank credit (84,1%).La investigación, tiene como propósito analizar ejes requeridos en el plan de formación de jóvenes estudiantes de la Facultadde Ciencias empresariales de la universidad Francisco de Paula Santander, de acuerdo a su perfil, percepciones y necesidades; para este estudiose realizó una encuesta basado en una muestra probabilística a los estudiantes activos, a su vez, permitió recopilar información sobre lalongevidad del estudiante, la necesidades, la manera de seleccionar la universidad y las expectativas observadas a su ingreso. Resultado:población académica de estrato uno a cuatro, la edad de ingreso evidencia una población adulto-joven, para solventar la matrícula trabajan ydeben acudir a entidades externas como el crédito bancario (84,1 %), necesidades giran en torno ejes innovación en calidad educativa,emprendimiento, tic
Contribuciones de las escalas en salud como herramientas que influencian decisiones en el cuidado de los pacientes
Get PDFA lo largo del tiempo, es posible encontrar un incremento de escalas o también llamados instrumentos o cuestionarios en el ámbito de la salud, representando una gran contribución a las áreas de investigación, educación y práctica, así como a los ámbitos de gestión y extensión, una vez que tienen una participación importante en los diferentes escenarios.Se estima que el desarrollo de nuevas escalas depende de la búsqueda constante de evidencias que ayudan en la toma de decisión al profesional, por tanto, es considerado un tema actual de discusión por parte de investigadores que hacen uso de la Práctica Basada en Evidencias.Asimismo, al tiempo que el conocimiento científico y las nuevas técnicas de tratamiento y diagnóstico evolucionan, se va generando un incremento en la insatisfacción de los pacientes en relación a los cuidados de salud, pareciendo apuntar la dificultad en volver armoniosa la relación entre el progreso científico y la priorización del ser humano en lo que concierne a los cuidados con base en las tecnologías, dado que existe una amplia discusión sobre las tecnologías relacionadas al sector salud, siendo que el uso de escalas es considerado en la literatura como una tecnología ligera-dura que engloba los conocimientos de una forma más estructurada.Cómo citar este artículo: Rodríguez-Acelas AL, Cañon-Montañez W. Contribuciones de las escalas en salud como herramientas que influencian decisiones en el cuidado de los pacientes. Rev Cuid. 2018; 9(1): 1949-60. http://dx.doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.v9i1.49
Factores de riesgo de caídas e índice de masa corporal en el adulto mayor hospitalizado
Get PDFIntroducción: La obesidad predispone a que los ancianos puedan sufrir una caída. El objetivo de este estudio fue contrastar las diferencias entre los factores de riesgo de caídas y el Índice de Masa Corporal en el adulto mayor hospitalizado. Materiales y Métodos: Estudio descriptivo y comparativo realizado en un Hospital de Especialidades de Veracruz, México. El muestreo fue no probabilístico por conveniencia con una muestra constituida por 122 adultos mayores hospitalizados en las áreas de urgencias, ginecología y medicina interna. Los factores de riesgo de caídas se midieron con la escala de caída de Morse. Además de datos sociodemográficos, antropométricos y de salud. Se usó estadística descriptiva e inferencial como Kruskal-Wallis, Chi Cuadrada y V de Cramer. Resultados: La media de edad fue 70.94±7.50 años e Índice de Masa Corporal de 28.66±3.80; antecedente de caídas, tener catéteres intravenosos y la falta de actividad física fueron factores de riesgo predominantes. Se encontró una diferencia estadística significativa entre la marcha y el Índice de Masa Corporal (p<0.05 y V de Cramer=0.204). Discusión: El Índice de Masa Corporal es un dato importante porque se asocia con problemas en la marcha. Conclusiones: La marcha es un factor de riesgo de caída que tiene diferencias significativas con el Índice de Masa Corporal, debido a que los ancianos con sobrepeso tuvieron una marcha alterada, que puede impedir mantener el equilibrio y como consecuencia una posible caída.Como citar este artículo: Santiago ADM, González PC, Solís LIA, Santiago TR. Factores de riesgo de caídas e índice de masa corporal en el adulto mayor hospitalizado. Rev Cuid. 2019; 10(1): e621. http://dx.doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.v10i1.621
Representações sociais da autonomia do enfermeiro para acadêmicos de enfermagem
Get PDFIntrodução: A autonomia profissional corresponde à realização de ações de enfermagem por meio da utilização de habilidades, conhecimentos e atitudes para tomar decisões e resolver situações no seu espaço de atuação. Objetivo: analisar as representações sociais da autonomia do enfermeiro para acadêmicos do último período de graduação em enfermagem de uma universidade federal. Materiais e Métodos: Estudo qualitativo, descritivo, exploratório delineado a partir da teoria das representações sociais em sua abordagem processual, realizada com 20 acadêmicos de enfermagem no último período de uma universidade federal localizada no estado do Rio de Janeiro. A coleta de dados se deu através de entrevistas semiestruturadas e a análise das produções discursivas pelo método de análise de conteúdo. Resultados: Foram construídas cinco categorias de análise. Discussão: Verificou-se que as representações sociais da autonomia profissional dos discentes de enfermagem encontram-se em processo de construção, tendo por fundamento o gerenciamento, as práticas invasivas e a consulta de enfermagem. A autonomia também se relaciona ao cuidado predominantemente individual. Conclusões: A representação da autonomia profissional está vinculada a tecnologias atuais e a dimensões históricas da profissão, bem como a necessidade de novos estudos para a compreensão do fenômeno.Como citar este artigo: Mota DB, Gomes AMT, Silva ACSS, Ramos RS, Nogueira VPF, Belém LS. Representações sociais da autonomia do enfermeiro para acadêmicos de enfermagem. Rev Cuid. 2018; 9(2): 2215-32. http://dx.doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.v9i2.52
Variación en parámetros bioquímicos en un grupo de pacientes con tumor cerebral primario: revisión de cuatro estudios
Get PDFIntroduction: It has been well established and evidence-based fact that serum levels of proteins, cholesterol, trace elements, andpseudouridines may suffer changes during a neoplastic disease process. This report encompassed four prospective studies, original in Iraq to our knowledge, had explored the serum total proteins (TP), pseudouridines levels, total serum cholesterol (TSC), and serum trace elements (TE), in groups of patients harboring primary brain tumours (PBT) compared to healthy persons. Patients and Methods:Study number 1: A group of 107 patients, from both sexes, aged 2-75 years, harboring PBT were admitted to and operated upon via formal craniotomy by staff neurosurgeons at The Teaching Hospital at Kadhimiyah (TTHK) and Neurosurgical Hospital (NH); their sera were tested for serum total proteins (TP); the latter biochemical parameters were compared with those of 40 healthy persons. Study number II: the same patients and healthy controls were tested for pseudouridine measurement. Study number III: Another group of 30 patients with PBT were studied for TSC levels and were compared with 30 healthy volunteers. Study number IV: A third group of 26 patients with PBT, from both sexes, their sera were tested and measured for TE; the measurements were compared to 1630 volunteers from both sexes and of different age groups. The sera and brain tumor tissue samples were analysed and examined by appropriate methods at relevant laboratories of the TTHK, NH, The Medical Research Centre (MRC) of The College of Medicine, Al-Nahrain University and the Iraqi Atomic Energy Committee (IAEC). Results and Discussion: The serum TP and PBT study: Results are shown in table 1. The serum pseudouridines and PBT study: Mean levels of pseudouridine in serum of PBT patients, were significantly higher (p < 0.01) than its levels in the (normal) controls, table 2. The TSC and PBT study: 1. Hesalthy persons from both sexes: age range, in years, 15 – 75, mean 40.5, SD ± 19.8; TSC range 142 – 230 mg / dl, mean 185.6 mg / dl, SD ± 24.9, (3.7 – 5.9 mmol / l, mean 4.8 mmol / l, SD± 0.6), table 3. 2. Thirty persons from both sexes having peripheral tumors, with no clinical evidence of brain tumors: age range, in years, 15 – 75, mean 54.3 ± 12.8; TSC range 90 – 220 mg / dl, 143 ± 36.3 (2.3 – 5.7 mmol / l, mean 3.7 ± 0.9), table 4. 3. Thirty patients from both sexes with primary and secondary brain tumors, age range, in years, 15 - 75, mean 41.3 ± 20.9; TSC range 140 – 284 mg / dl, 217.6 ± 41.2 (3.6 – 7.3 mmol / l, 5.6 ±1.1), table 4. Study number IV: Serum mean values (and S.D.) of all measured TEs were as follow: Se 0.045 +/- 0.011, Zn 0.320 +/- 0.095, Cu 0.607 +/- 0.154, Fe 0.880 +/- 0.456, Mg 13.625 +/- 3.994, Co 0.020 +/- 0.036, Ni 0.016 +/- 0.030, Mn 0.016 +/- 0.009, Cd 0.050 (one sample), and Cr 0.015 +/- 0.005 micrograms per milliliter (mcg / ml). All mean concentrations were consistently lower in the patients than healthy volunteers; both the Student’s (t) and probability (p value) tests were performed; for Se, Zn, Cu, Mg, Co, Ni, Mn, and Cr the p value was <0.01 showing statistically significant results; however, for Fe, though the mean concentration was also lower in the brain tumor group, there was no statistical significance, p > 0.05. Due to technical difficulties and very low concentration of Cd, it was not measured in healthy volunteers; however, it was measured in only one patient’s serum sample; this has been discarded from the study, table 5. Conclusions: Levels of serum TP, TC, and pseudouridine are higher in patients with PBT than in healthy people; however, those of serum TE are lower in the PBT group than healthy persons; the results of this report are in keeping with those of other researchers. The biochemical parameters can be an additional laboratory monitor in the investigation of PBT patients; however, both the specificity and sensitivity need to be ascertained. To our knowledge, this was the first study to be performed in Iraq in the setting of PB
La influencia de los extractos de semillas de Rhus coriaria sobre la resistencia genética de Aspergillus amstelodami
Get PDFIntroduction: This study aims to investigate the safe use of Rhus coriaria seed extracts (water and ethanol) genetically on fungi Aspergillus amstelodami because the extensive use of plant in many pharmaceutical and food fields. Materials and methods: In this study A1 (Wa1) strain of the fungus A.spergillus amstelodami was used in all genetic testing, Rhus coriaria seeds were obtained from the local markets and two types of extracts were prepared (water and ethanol extracts of Rhus coriaria seeds), two types of resistance mutants were isolated both spontaneous and induced by using mutation agent (nitrous acid). Results and Discussion: In this study 18 spontaneous resistance mutation were isolated in frequency 4.26×10-5 and 96 induced mutations were induced by nitrous acid in Frequency39.76×10-5at (MIC) 16 mg / ml of the ethanol extract, and 22 spontaneous mutations were isolate in frequency 4.59×10-5 and 91 nitrous acid induced mutation with an average recurrence 37.36×10-5at (MIC) 25 mg / ml of water extract. Conclusion: We conclude that presence of resistant ability in A. amstelodami toward Rhus coriaria water and ethanol seeds extracts. Therefore, we suggest further thorough studies to detect the activity to plant extract in order to be use in agricultural pest control
La geometría para la vida y su enseñanza.
Get PDFIn the present monograph, the general objective was to value the importance of learning geometry for life and its teaching forthe development of thought. For this, Chapter I deals with the historical evolution of geometry. In Chapter II, its significance, importance,classification is exposed. Likewise, applications are presented in areas of science such as: medicine, architecture, civil engineering, andaeronautical engineering. Chapter III describes teaching models of geometry such as Duval, and Van Hiele; It also shows the experience ofsome universities on the teaching of geometry. The Research Methodology was documentary, using as sources of information the writtendocument, in its different presentations: printed, electronic and audiovisual. The design of the investigation was conformed with the followingphases: Selection and delimitation of the topic; Collection of information or sources of information; Organization of data and preparation of aconceptual outline of the subject; Data analysis and organization of the monograph; and Drafting of the monograph or report of the researchand final presentation (written). Product of the research concludes: The teaching of geometry is essential for the construction, explanation andunderstanding of space, and is included in the curricula of the world in the different educational levels as one of the areas of mathematics. Theteaching of geometry should be aimed at solving problems and have a relationship with the physical environment, for the construction ofmeaningful learning. There are different models that guide the teaching of geometry, in which the Duval is highlighted, which has three cognitivelevels for geometric construction (visualization, reasoning, construction). Van Hiele presents five levels of Geometric reasoning, (Visualizationor recognition, analysis, Ordination, Formal Deduction, Rigor), both form an important guide in the conduct of the teaching and learning processof Geometry.En la presente monografía se planteó como objetivo general, valorar la importancia del aprendizaje de la geometría para lavida y su enseñanza en el desarrollo del pensamiento. Para ello, en el Capítulo I se aborda la evolución histórica de la geometría. En el CapítuloII, se expone su significación, importancia, clasificación. Asimismo, se presentan aplicaciones en áreas de la ciencia como: medicina,arquitectura, ingeniería civil, e ingeniería aeronáutica. En el capítulo III se describen modelos de enseñanza de la geometría de los autores Duvaly Van Hiele; además se presenta la experiencia de algunas universidades sobre la enseñanza de la geometría. La Metodología de Investigaciónfue de tipo documental, utilizando como fuentes de información el documento escrito, en sus diferentes presentaciones: impreso, electrónico yaudiovisual. El diseño de la investigación quedó conformado con las siguientes fases: Selección y delimitación del tema; Acopio de Informacióno fuentes de información; Organización de los datos y elaboración de un esquema conceptual del tema; Análisis de los datos y organización dela monografía; y Redacción de la monografía o informe de la investigación y presentación final escrita. Producto de la investigación se concluye:La enseñanza de la geometría es indispensable para la construcción, explicación y comprensión del espacio, y se incluye en los currículos delmundo en los diferentes niveles educativos como una de las áreas de las matemáticas. La enseñanza de la geometría, debe ir encaminada a laresolución de problemas y poseer relación con el entorno físico, para la construcción de aprendizaje significativo. Existen diferentes modelosque orientan la enseñanza de la geometría, en los cuales se resalta el Duval que presenta tres niveles cognitivos para la construcción geométrica(visualización, razonamiento, construcción); Van Hiele presenta cinco niveles de razonamiento Geométrico, (Visualización o reconocimiento,análisis, Ordenación, Deducción formal, Rigor), ambos conforman una importante guía en la conducción del proceso de enseñanza y aprendizajede la Geometrí
La noción de cuerpo desde la clase de educación física. Manifestaciones sociales.
Get PDFAssess the notion of the body from the perspective of the physical education class, for the generation of a theoretical approachfocused on the enjoyment and satisfaction of the human being. Qualitative methodology, experiential introspective epistemological approach;hermeneutic, intentional selection of participants, information gathering in-depth interviews. Validity of the study was internal, analysis of theinformation by means of atlas ti, for the consolidation of the categorization, for the construction of a theoretical approach. Conclusion. Thenotion of body from the physical education class is not responding to current social demands, in which postmodern discourses make emergethe need to incorporate among many other elements associated with well-being, happiness, satisfaction of the body by physical activityperformed.Valorar la noción del cuerpo desde la perspectiva de la clase de educación física, para la generación de una aproximaciónteórica centrada en el disfrute y la satisfacción del ser humano. Metodología cualitativa, enfoque epistemológico introspectivo vivencial;hermenéutico, selección intencional de los participantes, recolección de información entrevistas en profundidad. Validez del estudio fue decarácter interno, análisis de la información por medio de atlas ti, para la consolidación de la categorización, para la construcción de unaaproximación teórica. Conclusión. La noción de cuerpo desde la clase de educación física no esta respondiendo a las exigencias socialesactuales, en las cuales los discursos postmodernos hacen emerger la necesidad de incorporar entre muchos otros elementos asociados albienestar, felicidad, satisfacción del cuerpo por la actividad física realizada