Revistas UDES (Universidad de Santander)
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Detección de Alfa 1-antitripsina e Iinterleucina-8 en pacientes con Meningitis
Get PDFMeningitis is a meninges inflammation and the subarachnoid cerebrum spinal fluid that surrounds the spinal cord and brain. Infantile meningitisis a major cause of morbidity & mortality in various parts of the world; it is earnest disorder owing to the nearness of the location to the brain andspinal cord. It can be caused by virtually any organism; in general viral infections are more common than bacterial, fungal and parasitic infectionsrespectively. Objective: investigation of the Interleukin-8 (IL-8) and Alaph-1 Antitrypsin in the cerebrum spinal fluid of meningitis patients.Material and Method: A study was done at the Medical city and Al-kadimia hospitals included 47 and 20 beings of Patients and Control groupswith an overall age range between 11 days to 6 years old. According to the causative agents of the disease, they were divided into three groups:bacterial, viral and control groups. All subjects were monitored for the IL-8 by Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) and Alaph-1Anti-trypsin by Single Radial Immunodiffusion assay (SRIA) in the cerebrospinal fluid the data was analyzed via using SPSS (chi-squire test)program (version 22). Results and discussion: The results revealed the presence of an elevation concentration of IL-8 among meningitis diseasepatients (484.0695 pg/ml ), high concentration of IL-8 seemed in bacterial meningitis (825.3250pg/ml) when compared with its level in viralmeningitis (142.8143pg ml) ( p= 0.002) and control group ( 56.3409 pg/ml) (p=0.00) but no significant difference was found between viral andcontrol groups (p= 0.679). Alpha 1 antitrypsin results appeared high concentration of (21.6462 mg/ dl) and (16.4000 mg/ dl) in bacterial and viralmeningitis groups in sequentially, and that concentrations showed differences arrived significantly. The statistical analysis of this research showeda correlation between IL-8 levels and both of neutrophil and lymphocyte in meningitis patients. IL-8 had significant correlation with lymphocyte(p=0.02) in viral group while no significant correlation was appeared between IL-8 and neutrophil. In bacterial group, lymphocytes with IL-8 hadweak correlation, in contrary the correlation between neutrophil and IL-8 revealed the significantly correlation (p=0.01). No correlation was establish concerning the Alpha-1 antitrypsin and the cell’s numbers and types. Conclusion: A study indicated that Alpha 1 antitrypsin and IL-8 playedan important role in meningitis disease
Preparación, caracterización y evaluación de resina polimérica (AHMET) a partir de la reacción de anhídrido maleico con PET reciclado como inhibidor de corrosión para acero-C en HCl
Get PDFIntroduction: The plastic soft drink bottle from polyethylene terephthalate (PET) was introduced to consumers in 1970s. Because PET have ester group its chemical recycling is preferred. To control and reducethe environmental pollution recycling and reusing of PET has turned into an imperative procedure from the ecological perspective and it has given business opportunity because of far reaching use and accessibilityof PET polymer. Also another source of pollution to the environment was the corrosion of materials. Corrosion is the deterioration and loss of a material and its critical properties due to chemical, electrochemical and other reactions of the exposed material surface with the surrounding environment. Understanding corrosion mechanisms allow to use corrosion-resistant materials and altering designs. Organic inhibitors are very efficient to protect the metals from corrosion in all chemicals (acidic, basic and salt) media. There were many types of corrosion inhibitors and the organic inhibitor are being applied widely to protect metals from corrosion in many aggressive media. The aim of this study is to utilize waste PET-bottles will be depolarized by 2,2-dithioethanol to produce (Bis(2-((2-hydroxyethyl) thio) ethyl) terephthalate (BHTE), then by reacting of (BHTE) with maleic anhydride to produce Bis (2-((6-Mono malic acid –hydroxyethyl ester) sulfanyl) ethyl terephthalate(BHMET). The prepared (BHMET) will be used as corrosion inhibitor andits efficiency to protect the carbon steel in acidic will be assessed. Materials and Methods: Depolymerization of PET waste done with 2,2-dithioethanol. The weight proportion of PET to 2,2-dithioethanol 1:8 (wt%) and zinc acetate (0.5 wt% based on PET) was added as catalyst. Temperature of the reaction mixture was between 160-180 oC for 12 h, then the reaction mixture was kept at 140 oC for 3 h, then allowed to cool to room temperature. With vigorous agitation distilled water in excess to the reaction mixture to allow the black liquid viscous compound oligomer of Bis(2-((2-hydroxyethyl) thio) ethyl terephthalate (BHET) to precipitate. In a three neck round bottom (250 ml) attached with mechanical stirrer and thermometer (5.7gm) of (BHET) compound was added and heated for (15 min.) at (60 OC). Then (2.5gm) of malic anhydride and (1%) sulfuric acid was added. By the mechanical stirrer the mixture was mixed for (50 min.) at temperature (80OC). After the reaction the mixture was washed with distilled water to avoid the acid residue. Scheme (1) shows the mechanism for the prepared (BHMET) corrosion inhibitor
Responsabilidades éticas na prática de enfermagem em instituições de alta complexidade
Get PDFIntroduction: The codes of ethics guide actions for an appropriate professional practice. Colombian Law 911 of 2004 establishes the legal provisions on ethics for nursing practice and conceptualizes the performance of nursing care. Objective: To determine how nurses see ethical responsibilities in professional practice and identify their relation with the service they provide and the institution they work at. Materials and Methods: Cross-sectional study among nurses working in public and private institutions. Descriptive and stratified analyses were performed. Results: A high percentage of nurses believe they always comply with the provisions of Section III. There was a statistically-significant relation between perception versus place of work in the items of respectful behavior, conscientious objection and clear nursing records, as well as, between perception versus services in the items of respectful behavior, location based on experience and training and completion of clear, sequential, and error-free records. Discussion: The results of this study evidence the fundamental elements of ethical nursing care stated in the scientific literature. Conclusions: Nursing practice involves a series of ethical responsibilities with the people in care that can vary depending on the context in which it is performed. This study found that the nursing records, conscientious objection, location based on experience and academic education are key factors of nursing practice related to the institution and service where nurses work.
How to cite this article: Parra DI, Peñaloza SD, Cárdenas MV, Rey N, Amaya HC, Arboleda LB, et al. Responsabilidades éticas en la práctica de enfermería en instituciones de alta complejidad. Rev Cuid. 2019; 10(3): e662. http://dx.doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.v10i3.662Introducción: Los códigos deontológicos, permiten guiar las acciones para un apropiado ejercicio profesional. En Colombia, la Ley 911 del 2004, establece las disposiciones legales sobre ética para el ejercicio de la enfermería y conceptualiza el acto de cuidado. Objetivo: Determinar la percepción de las enfermeras sobre las responsabilidades éticas en la práctica profesional y la relación con el servicio e institución donde laboran. Materiales y Métodos: Estudio de corte transversal en enfermeras que laboran en instituciones públicas y privadas. Se realizó análisis descriptivo y estratificado. Resultados: Las enfermeras perciben en alto porcentaje que siempre cumple lo establecido en el Título III. Hubo relación estadísticamente significativa entre percepción y la institución donde labora para los ítems de conducta respetuosa, objeción de conciencia y registros de enfermería claros y entre percepción versus servicios, para los ítems de conducta respetuosa, ubicación de acuerdo a la experiencia y formación y diligenciamiento de registros claros, secuenciales y sin errores. Discusión: Los resultados de este estudio permiten evidenciar elementos fundamentales del actuar ético de enfermería referidos en la literatura científica. Conclusiones: La práctica de enfermería implica una serie de responsabilidades éticas con los sujetos de cuidado que pueden variar según el contexto donde esta se desarrolle. En este estudio, se concluyó que los registros de enfermería, la objeción de conciencia, la ubicación de acuerdo a la experiencia y formación académica eran fundamentales para el ejercicio de la práctica y estaban relacionados con la institución y servicio donde se laboraba.
Como citar este artículo: Parra DI, Peñaloza SD, Cárdenas MV, Rey N, Amaya HC, Arboleda LB, et al. Responsabilidades éticas en la práctica de enfermería en instituciones de alta complejidad. Rev Cuid. 2019; 10(3): e662. http://dx.doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.v10i3.662Introdução: Os códigos de ética permitem orientar as ações para um exercício profissional adequado. Na Colômbia, a Lei 911 de 2004 estabelece as disposições legais sobre ética para a prática de enfermagem e conceitua o ato de cuidar. Objetivo: Determinar a percepção das enfermeiras no referente às responsabilidades éticas na prática profissional e a relação com o serviço e a instituição onde as enfermeiras trabalham. Materiais e Métodos: Estudo transversal em enfermeiras que trabalham em instituições públicas e privadas. Foi realizada uma análise descritiva e estratificada. Resultados: As enfermeiras percebem, em um alto percentual, que sempre cumprem o estabelecido no Título III. Houve uma relação estatisticamente significativa entre a percepção e a instituição onde elas trabalham para os itens de comportamento respeitoso, objeção de consciência e registros claros de enfermagem e entre a percepção versus os serviços para os itens de comportamento respeitoso, localização de acordo com a experiência e a formação e o preenchimento de registros claros, sequenciais e sem erros. Discussão: Os resultados deste estudo permitem evidenciar elementos fundamentais das ações éticas de enfermagem referidas na literatura científica. Conclusões: A prática de enfermagem implica uma série de responsabilidades éticas com os sujeitos que são cuidados, que podem variar de acordo com o contexto em que seja feito esse cuidado. Neste estudo, concluiu-se que os registros de enfermagem, a objeção de consciência, a localização de acordo com a experiência e a formação acadêmica foram fundamentais para a prática e estavam relacionados com a instituição e com o serviço em que as enfermeiras atuavam.
Como citar este artigo: Parra DI, Peñaloza SD, Cárdenas MV, Rey N, Amaya HC, Arboleda LB, et al. Responsabilidades éticas en la práctica de enfermería en instituciones de alta complejidad. Rev Cuid. 2019; 10(3): e662. http://dx.doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.v10i3.66
VIH/SIDA: una mirada a las percepciones de quien vive con el diagnóstico
Get PDFIntroduction: Being diagnosed with a chronic condition is deemed to be a significant and critical time of a person’s life. Objective: To identify the impact of HIV diagnosis on the lives of those affected. Materials and Methods: Qualitative research conducted with 10 patients in a Specialized Care Service, in a municipality south of Brazil. Data were collected through an interview and were interpreted based on a thematic analysis. Results: It was noted that the initial impact of HIV diagnosis is perceived as a death sentence by those diagnosed. Furthermore, when people begin to live with the virus, they have to adapt their routines and adopt new views on their relations with others. Discussion: The HIV impact goes beyond diagnosis, since the person is living under a stigma, prejudice and social isolation. It thus is imperative for health professionals to be ready to communicate and assist in the diagnosis and life experience of the person carrying the virus. Conclusions: Care offered to people who carry the virus should be provided in a comprehensive manner, focusing on improving their quality of life; therefore, multi-professional care is critical to achieve comprehensiveness and effectiveness in healthcare actions.
How to cite this article: Maciel k, Milbrath V, Gabatz R, Freitag V, Silva M, Santos B. HIV/AIDS: um olhar sobre as percepções de quem vive com o diagnóstico. Rev Cuid. 2019; 10(3): e638. http://dx.doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.v10i3.638 Introdução: Receber o diagnóstico de uma condição crônica é considerado um momento significativo e crítico na vida da pessoa. Objetivo: Conhecer o impacto que o diagnóstico do Vírus da Imunodeficiência Humana causa na vida das pessoas acometidas. Materiais e Métodos: Pesquisa qualitativa desenvolvida em um Serviço de Atendimento Especializado de um município ao sul do Brasil, realizada com 10 pacientes. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevista e interpretados com base na análise temática. Resultados: Observou-se que o impacto inicial do diagnóstico do Vírus da Imunodeficiência Humana, para quem o recebe, é percebido como uma sentença de morte. Por outro lado quando as pessoas passam a conviver com o Vírus necessitam adaptar suas rotinas e também adotam novas perspectivas frente as suas relações com os outros. Discussão: O impacto do Vírus vai além do diagnóstico, pois está relacionado às vivências de estigma, de preconceito e de isolamento social da pessoa. Então, é imprescindível que os profissionais de saúde estejam preparados para comunicar e auxiliar no diagnóstico e na vivência da pessoa com o vírus. Conclusões: Os cuidados oferecidos às pessoas com o Vírus devem ser fornecidos de forma integral, visando a melhoria na sua qualidade de vida, sendo o atendimento multiprofissional imprescindível para alcançar a integralidade e efetividade das ações de saúde.
Como citar este artigo: Maciel k, Milbrath V, Gabatz R, Freitag V, Silva M, Santos B. HIV/AIDS: um olhar sobre as percepções de quem vive com o diagnóstico. Rev Cuid. 2019; 10(3): e638. http://dx.doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.v10i3.638 Introducción: Recibir el diagnóstico de una condición crónica se considera un momento significativo y crítico en la vida de la persona. Objetivo: Conocer el impacto que causa el diagnóstico del Virus de Inmunodeficiencia Humana en la vida de las personas afectadas. Materiales y Métodos: Investigación cualitativa desarrollada en un Servicio de Atención Especializada de un municipio al sur de Brasil, realizada con 10 pacientes. Los datos fueron recolectados a través de una entrevista y se interpretaron con base en un análisis temático. Resultados: Se observó que el impacto inicial del diagnóstico del Virus de Inmunodeficiencia Humana se percibe como una sentencia de muerte para quien lo recibe. Por otro lado, cuando las personas pasan a convivir con el virus necesitan adaptar sus rutinas y también adoptan nuevas perspectivas frente a sus relaciones con los otros. Discusión: El impacto del virus va más allá del diagnóstico, pues está relacionado con las vivencias de estigma, prejuicios y aislamiento social de la persona. Entonces, es imprescindible que los profesionales de la salud estén preparados para comunicar y ayudar en el diagnóstico y en la vivencia de la persona portadora del virus. Conclusiones: Los cuidados que se le ofrecen a las personas portadoras del virus se deben proporcionar de forma integral, enfocándose en mejorar su calidad de vida, por lo que la atención multiprofesional resulta imprescindible para alcanzar la integralidad y efectividad de las acciones de la salud.
Como citar este artículo: Maciel k, Milbrath V, Gabatz R, Freitag V, Silva M, Santos B. HIV/AIDS: um olhar sobre as percepções de quem vive com o diagnóstico. Rev Cuid. 2019; 10(3): e638. http://dx.doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.v10i3.638  
Um olhar do processo de enfermagem modificado para o manejo do sobrepeso e obesidade
Get PDFLa obesidad continúa siendo un grave problema de salud pública y un factor de riesgo relevante para el desarrollo de enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles que generan la mayor carga de morbimortalidad en el mundo1. Esta condición se define como un estado de exceso de grasa corporal y se caracteriza como una enfermedad crónica compleja y multifactorial que involucra factores ambientales, genéticos, fisiológicos, metabólicos y de comportamiento2.
La prevalencia general de sobrepeso y obesidad aumentó aproximadamente un 28% en adultos y 47% en niños entre 1980 y 2013. El problema no solo afecta a los países desarrollados, ya que ahora hay un aumento significativo en el sobrepeso y la obesidad en el mundo en desarrollo3.
Como citar este artículo: Ospina C, Cañon-Montañez W, Rodríguez-Acelas AL. Una mirada desde el proceso de enfermería modificado al manejo del sobrepeso y obesidad. Rev Cuid. 2020; 11(1): e1042. http://dx.doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.1042 
Investigación arquitectónica de los baños históricos y el análisis del espacio interior, estudio de caso: la reactivación y la reparación del baño Bazar (baño Gambar Amu) en Shabestar
Get PDFThe very ancient bathrooms of Iran are very popular, beautiful, valuable and historical. The aspects of social, cultural, sanitationaland medical have been taken into account in these bathrooms. The people of Iran have had a long history about bathing and throughthe appearance of Islam it can be said that the interior architecture of the bathrooms were like each other in Iran. The present studyis about the very ancient historical bathroom of Ganbar Amu in Shabestar which dates back to the Qajar era. At present thementioned bathroom is being repaired so that its beauty and value can be preserved. This is a descriptive-analytical study and the maingoal of the study is to introduce the historical spaces of the ancient bathrooms and presenting a restoration polanning for the historicalbathrooms like Ganbar Amu bathroom in Shabestar
Mejora de la calidad de vida en un complejo residencial mediante la identificación de los criterios prácticos de los espacios públicos educativos
Get PDFIntroduction: One of the approaches to improve life quality in a residential complex is by modifying them properly to an educationalpublic space. An educational public space is consisted of three factors: individual, community and physical space, the importantfactor in these environments are, the proper individual and general education and respecting the natural or artificial surroundings. Basedon the probabilistic approach, an environment can have a direct impact on an individual. An environment can teach us cultural,moral and social values. The purpose of this study is to identify the criteria for designing educating public spaces in a residentialcomplex to improve the environmental quality. Therefore, the qualitative data was collected with the help of library documentsin two categories: Residential Satisfaction Factors and Educational Public Spaces Criteria. Then, both groups were adapted based oncontent validity and a questionnaire was used to collect quantitative data. The questionnaires were distributed among the architectureprofessors, according to the Delphi method. SPSS 18 software was used to analyze the quantitative data to prioritize and correlate thecriteria and micro criteria for designing educational public spaces in the residential complex. The results indicate that among all of thecriteria for an educational public space, safety is more important than other criteria, in a residential complex, the top five criteria areas follows: health and safety, aesthetics, social -cultural interactions, and national-local identity. Therefore, it can be concluded that byapplying the micro criteria of the aforementioned criteria in the communal spaces of residential complexes, the quality of residentialenvironment can be improved
Factores que afectan la ubicación de los centros médicos en la ciudad de Teherán Estudio de caso: Distrito 1 del municipio de Teherán
Get PDFThe historical growth of cities due to the rapid increase of population led to the increased land price in cities and caused problems to theappropriate distribution system as well as the allocation of suitable spaces to some fundamental services like medical centers. Supplyinghealth for all people in every society is one of the basic human rights which should be regarded by governments. The imbalancein fundamental services such as medical care and its imbalanced distribution system cause major challenges expressing themselvesin different economic and skeletal dimensions. In this study which aimed at determining the factors affecting the location of medicalcenters, first the main variables and indicators affecting the location of such centers were extracted and then ranked using the hierarchicalquestionnaire by some relevant experts. After ranking the obtained indicators using the hierarchical method to examine the medicalcenters at district 1 of Tehran and investigating the balance and proportion of medical centers, the location of medical centersin district 1 were examined using the geographical information system by hierarchical model. The obtained results indicated thatthe northeast and east areas of district 1 in Tehran had faced major challenges in terms of the access to medical centers and a specifiedarea in the geographical information system indicated this challenge in the north and northeast areas. The selected point by geographicalinformation system were the areas in this district
Gestión inteligente del estacionamiento empleando internet de las cosas
Get PDFThe main requirement of smart cities is intelligent and effective parking system, which currently most parking systems exist basedon various technologies such as Internet of Things, so intelligent parking management is gradually becoming a necessity. Hence inthis article a new manner is introduced in the form of prioritization, which alters the type of prioritization than the previous methods, sothat the different parameters such as the distance between parking lots, distance between vehicle and a parking lot, number of freeparking spaces in the destination parking lot, number of unsuccessful parks, and the number of parking lot visits are considered, and ingeneral a system is recommended that helps drivers to find a parking lot with the minimum cost based on the aforesaid parameters. Thesimulation of proposed approach performed in Arena application and the results of the simulation and its comparison with theprevious works suggest that the proposed method results in the better decrease of the waiting time than the existing waiting timein the previous works and contributes to minimize drivers waiting time
Caracterización y evaluación de un medio de crecimiento fúngico compuesto por pólenes en polvo de espadaña (Typha domingensis Pers.)
Get PDFIntroduction: A great progressing occurs in microbiology Ulocladium sp. after culture media have been used in culturing, isolation, identification, and reservation of microorganisms. According to their components, culture media were divided into natural, synthetic, and semisynthetic, the natural medium contain almost all the nutritional requirements but in non-defined quantities. In the current work, the validity of Typha domingensis pollens as a new substrate for fungal culture medium was tested. Several physical and chemical characteristics of medium were detected. The growth of nine fungal isolates were evaluated on semisolid and broth media. Materials and Methods: Ten gram of starchy powder free from spike tissue + 15gm agar were used for one liter of Typha pollens agar (TPA). The growth of local isolates of Candida sp., Rhodotorula sp., Aspergillus niger, , Cladosporium sp., Trichoderma sp., Penicillium sp., Chrysosporium sp., and Microsporum sp. were tested on (TPA), and (PCA). Biomass of filamentous isolates was estimated by TP broth and PC broth.ANOVA test at level 0.05 was followed to clarify the significant increasing of biomass. To qualify the nutritional value of Typha pollens, the percentage oftotal nitrogen , carbon , phosphorus , and potassium were estimated . pH of TPA were detected as well as its color, transparency , and gelatin texture were practically evaluated . Results and Discussion : The chemical composition analysis showed that pollens powder contain C=58%, N=2.16%, P= 0.19%and K=3.36%. The pH was 6.72 at room temperature . Typha pollens agar support growth of all tested fungal isolates. The semisolid TPA had a typical characteristic for culturing and diagnosis of fungi including a suitable gelatin texture and a pale transparent yellow color . All tested fungi except Penicilliumsp. showed higher growth on TPA , on the other side the fungal biomass increased significantly by TP broth in comparison with PC broth (ANOVA test at 0.05 level). Conclusions : Pollens of cattail (T. domingensis ) provide a suitable environment , and nutritive requirements for fungi .It can be usedeasily and successfully as essential substrate for preparing culture medium for primary isolation of fungi. A farther studies were needed to gain a view about using T.domingensis pollens to isolate pathogenic fungi and bacteria