Indonesian Journal of EFL and Linguistics
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Rhetorical Structures of English-Major Undergraduate Thesis Introduction Chapters
Get PDFUndergraduate students are required to write a thesis to obtain a degree. One of the most important chapters in the thesis is introduction. Introduction section plays an important role because it describes what the research is all about. To write an introduction chapter, Swales (1990) proposed Create-a-Research-Space (CARS) model, which include three moves, namely establishing a territory, establishing a niche, and occupying the niche. Every move consists of several steps. This study aims to analyze Swales’ CARS model in the introduction chapters of undergraduate theses written by English major students. Furthermore, the lexical and syntactical signals in each move and step are investigated. This research employed discourse analysis, which focuses on how texts are structured. The researchers analyzed 18 introduction chapters of undergraduate theses written by the English major students of Sanata Dharma University who graduated in 2017. In analyzing the corpus, the researcher used top-down analysis. The results showed that Move 1, Establishing a territory, appeared in the undergraduate theses. However, many of the students did not review the previous research. Move 2, Establishing a niche, was presented in three theses. In this stage, many of the students did not fill in the gap about the previous research. Move 3, Occupying the niche, was frequently used by the students. In this phase, the students outlined the purpose of their research. This study also found that the lexical and syntactical signals used in the theses were quite different from Swales’ CARS model
A Study of Academic Oral Presentation Anxiety and Strategy Employment of EFL Graduate Students
Get PDFThis study investigates the factors contributing to academic oral presentation anxiety, explore the differences between English majors and non-English majors in their strategy employment for academic oral presentations, examine the relationship between academic oral presentation anxiety and strategy employment, and compare the differences in oral communication strategy employment between high-anxiety and low-anxiety students. A total of sixty-one participants participated in this study by answering two questionnaires: Personal Report of Public Speaking Anxiety (PRPSA) (McCroskey, 1970) and Oral Communication Strategy Inventory (OCSI) (Nakatani, 2006), and a follow-up interview was conducted focusing on high and low-anxiety students as defined by the result on PRPSA. Results showed that the three major sources of anxiety related to content of presentation, oral proficiency, and delivery skill. Moreover, a significant difference was found in the use of Social Affective strategies between English majors and non-English majors. Besides, negative significant correlations were found in the use of Message Abandonment strategies and Attempt to Think in English strategies. Furthermore, a statistically significant difference was found in the use of Message Abandonment strategies between high-anxiety and low anxiety-students. Pedagogical implications for reducing anxiety in academic oral communication were discussed
External Request Modifications in Yemeni Arabic as Used by Male-Male and Male-Female Interactions
No full textThe current study explores the types and frequency of external request modifications in Yemeni Arabic as produced by male speakers the study participants were 336 undergraduate students (168 male participants and 168 female participants) from Sana’a University, aged 20-23. All of the participants are relatively homogeneous in terms of their cultural background. The data were collected by using Discourse Completion Test (DCT).The analysis of the data is based on Blum-Kulka et al’s (1989) CCSARP (Cross Cultural Speech Act Realization Project) coding scheme. The results of the study showed that the male speakers generally showed greater use of external request modification to mitigate their requests. Seven external request modifications were identified in the data of the present study in M-M, M-F interactions. However, in M-M interactions, the number of external request modifications, which were identified in the data, was 2006. On the other hand, in M-F interactions the number of external request modification was 2016. The results revealed that Yemeni males showed greater use of the external request modification when interacting with females more than to males
Understanding the Choices of Terms of Address: A Sociolinguistic Study of Malay Cultural Practices
Get PDFThis paper investigates the choices of second person terms of address in the Malay culture. It examines the different patterns of address terms used in a range of communicative situations by interlocutors coming from diverse social backgrounds. The data for this study was obtained from two Malay dramas Ijab & Qabul (The solemnization of marriage) and Tiga Hari Menanti Mati (Three Days Until Death). These dramas were selected because they reflect in the usage of terms of address in an authentic social context of the Malay culture and represent various interpersonal relationships in a range of situations. This is a descriptive study with a qualitative approach. Forty-eight different second person terms of address were recorded and analysed in specific contexts based on the framework for classifying address terms established by Kroger, Wood and Kim (1984). The findings suggest that sociolinguistic elements such as interlocutors, contexts, determinants of interpersonal relationship, and intentions were determining factors influencing the choice of second person terms of address in the Malay culture. These findings have implications on the understanding of current trends in choosing the terms of address among Malay speakers
Approximation Practice on Students' Writing
Get PDFThe primary aim of this paper is to investigate students’ difficulty in the implementation of genre-based approach to teach English skills. It focuses on approximation exercise. The author reported the result of the study in the form of qualitative data. The practice revealed that the students faced difficulty to start writing their ideas. In this point, the students who have quite good English proficiency felt easy in constructing the text without employing elementary sentences. It happens although their text construction is somehow not grammatically correct. On the other hand, for those who have low English proficiency, the incorporation of elementary sentences and final realization help them a lot in constructing the text effectively. In a nutshell, the students in high and low English proficiency have their own difficulty in putting their ideas in the form of a text. Teacher’s assistance is crucial in developing students’ skill independently. Finally, this pedagogical practice might become the teacher’s guidance in practicing genre-based approached in the classroom
L2 Writing Proficiency and Mastery of Complex Sentence: A Study of Indonesian English Education Major University Students
Get PDFThis study investigated the extent of learners’ mastery of complex sentences in predicting L2 writing proficiency. This study used forty essays of ten students of English Education Department. It found that complex sentences became the most frequently written sentences in the analysed essays. The mean of their level of mastery was 57.58%, suggesting that their mastery in general was quite low. Furthermore, learners’ number of complex sentences did not have any significant relationship with L2 writing proficiency, r (40) = -.08, p > .05, but their level of mastery of complex sentences positively correlated with their writing proficiency, r (40) = .44, p < .01, suggesting that number of complex sentences regardless of grammaticality did not significantly correlate with L2 writing proficiency and only grammatically correct complex sentences, seen through learners’ mastery, had positive correlation with L2 writing proficiency. Furthermore, learners’ mastery of complex sentences could predict 19% of their writing proficiency, R2 = .19. From the results, implications and limitations of the study as well as suggestions on future studies were stated.Keywords: L2 writing proficiency, complex sentences, master
Providing Explicit Language Instruction to Assist Students’ Language Learning in EFL Classrooms
No full textIn language teaching process, instruction becomes one of important things to provide in order to encourage students’ language learning. Since the late 1960s, one of the language instructions that has been available is explicit language instruction which is believed as one of useful tools for the teaching practice. Given that the present study tried to investigate how English lecturers provide explicit language instruction in EFL classrooms to assist their students’ language learning. To gain the data, a case study employing semi-structured interviews and classroom observations were conducted. Two English lecturers were purposively selected to be the participants of the study for their familiarity of the instruction. Based on the analysis, the study revealed some of the elements of explicit language instruction provided such as clearly stating the lesson’s objectives and teachers’ expectations, using language clearly and concisely, providing step-by-step demonstrations and adequate examples, guiding students through practices on language functions, monitoring student performance and responses by giving feedbacks, and encouraging students to organize knowledge. It can be concluded that explicit language instruction actually can be considered for classroom improvement. Future studies are suggested to investigate students’ voices of the implementation of the instruction that may actually help their lecturers better their teaching practices and favour their students’ learning outcomes.Â
Learner Autonomy: Gender-Based Perception Among EFL Indonesian Students
Get PDFLearner autonomy is believed to be the contributing factor toward the students’ successful learning process. However, its implementation in Indonesia still faces some challenges regarding students’ readiness and competencies in realizing such concept. Thus, this study is aimed to investigate gender-based perceptions and attitudes among EFL Indonesian students on learner autonomy. Qualitative design in which four out of twenty respondents were selected purposively under the rationale that they demonstrated positive evidences reflected to the preliminary questionnaire results. Using semi-structured interview, the findings indicated no gender-based discrepancy in terms of learning experiences and challenges. Although individual tasks were preferred by both groups, problem-solving strategies differ in which females employed internal strategies (rescheduling and self-commitment), while males employed external strategies (learning sources and collaborative works). In conclusion, each of the autonomous learners has personal preference to deal with the encountered challenges. Further researches, thus, need to investigate the actual transparencies of their learning behavior through observation
IST (In-Service Training) Model to Improve English Teachers’ Pedagogical and Professional Competencies in the Computer Science Department of Universities in Indonesia
Get PDFThe fact that English teachers teaching in a computer science department may not really know detail about information technology (IT) as a subject, as well as its terminologies, brings about difficulties when deciding what kind of teaching materials are appropriate to the student’s learning needs. Another issue is that some computer science teachers do not have an English language teaching background. This can be a drawback for this group of teachers since they do not really know how to teach the language. The following discussion is a needs analysis used as a preliminary study to develop an in-service training (IST) model to improve English teachers’ pedagogical and professional competencies in a computer science department. Pedagogical knowledge, skill, and attitude, and professional competency became the core study since these two were the obvious difficulties faced by the two groups of teachers. This study involved English computer science teachers, the curriculum administrator, and the students in two private universities and one state university in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Observations, open interviews, and questionnaires were used to gather the data
Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivation Found in Students’ Written Reflection in Play Performance Course
No full textAs other courses, motivation plays important role in Play Performance course. That motivation can be from the students themselves or other factors outside themselves. This study aimed to examine intrinsic and extrinsic motivation of students’ learning in Play Performance course in English Language Education Study Program of Sanata Dharma University by analyzing their written reflection. There was one formulated research question: “To what extent is intrinsic and extrinsic motivation found in students’ written reflection in Play Performance course?†In this study, document or content analysis was employed. The researcher analyzed 41 students’ written reflection in Play Performance course to find the intrinsic and extrinsic motivation. The findings showed some types of both intrinsic and extrinsic motivation. For intrinsic motivation, there were 15 statements which expressed motivation of knowledge; 19 statements expressing motivation of accomplishment; and 38 statements expressed motivation of stimulation. Meanwhile, for extrinsic motivation, it was found 9 statements expressed motivation of external regulation; 1 statement expressed motivation of introjected regulation; and 2 statements of identified regulation